Résumé
Background and Objective: Poisoning is a major public health problem and a serious form of the common causes of hospital emergency visits in many countries. Incidence of toxicity based on cultural and economic characteristics of communities are varied. This study was done to determine the pediatric poisoning factors in children
Methods: This descriptive-cross sectional study was performed on 201 patients younger than 12 years old with posinnig symptoms whom referred to hospitals in Shahroud city of central part of Iran from April 2011 to March 2012. Demogaphic data, posinnig symptoms, posinnig agents, time of hospitalization and outcome of posinnig for each child were recored in quetionare
Results: Opium was the most common consumed material with [51.2%] while metadon considered to be the major opium. 180 [89.6%] and 21 [10.4%] children were poisoned accidentaly by their parant respectively. The clinical manifestation of the affected children were 15 [7.5%], 11 [5.5%], 93 [46.3%], 26 [12.9%], 19 [2.5%] and 22 [10.9%] without any symptoms, neuro-respiratory, nervous, gastrointestinal, gastrointestinal-respriatory and weakness respectively. Two children were died in the course of this project. There was a significant statistical correlation between the reason for poisoning and age parant education level and type of poisoning. Also, there was a relation between the type of poisoning and place of residence [P<0.05]
Conclusion: This study shows that the most common cause of poisoning among children was opiums
Résumé
Background and Objective: Monosodium glutamate [MSG] is used as a food additive. Several studies have reported the adverse effects of Monosodium glutamate on the testis and brain. This study was performed to determine the effect of Monosodium glutamate in rat cerebellum
Methods: In this experimental study, 24 adult wistar rats randomly allocated into three groups including experiment A, experiment B and control [C]. The animals in experiment A and B were received 3g and 6g of MSG thoroughly mixed with their feeds for 14 days, respectively. Animals in control group were received MSG free diet. Food and water for rats to be free in all of experimental time. The rats were sacrificed on fifteen day. The cerebellum dissected and fixed with formalin 10% buffer and stained with hematoxylin and eosin
Results: Disorders and detachment were observed in Purkinje and granular cell layers. Neural cell distribution in granular layer redeuced in the experimental groups. Cellular degenerative changes in the granular layer of the experimental B were more severe than experimental group A. The mean number of neuron of the granular layer in the experimental A, B and control groups were 2750, 2140 and 3150, respectively
Conclusion: The consumption of monosodium glutamate dose dependly causes histopathological changes and reduces the number of the cerebellumllar neurons in adult rat