Knowledge, attitude and practice of pharmacists and health-care workers regarding oral contraceptives correct usage, side-effects and contraindications

Despite the success of the Iranian family planning programme, the number of unwanted pregnancies remains high. To investigate whether health workers in Tabriz are providing correct information and counselling about OCP use, the current study was planned to examine the level of knowledge, attitude and practice of OCP providers. A sample of 150 health-care workers in health houses and 150 community/hospital pharmacists answered a questionnaire about knowledge of correct use of OCP, side-effects, contraindications, danger signs/symptoms and non-contraceptive benefits, and whether they counselled patients about these subjects. Knowledge of pharmacists and health workers was not as high as expected and in many topics they were counselling patients even when they had incorrect knowledge and in other areas they were not providing information to patients despite having the correct knowledge. Better continuing education for OCP providers and especially for pharmacists seems necessary

Evaluation of aminoglycosides [gentamicin, neomycin, streptomycin] and fluoroquinolones [ofloxacin] antibiotics on spermatogenesis in rat

Gentamicin, Neomycin, Streptomycin and ofloxacin are synthetic antibacterial agent belonging to the family of aminoglycoside and fluoroquinolones antibiotics with a very broad spectrum against microbial pathogens, especially Gram-negative and urinary tract infectious diseases which nowadays have good effect in diseases treatment in more countries world-wide. The aim of this study was to see the effects of this drugs inducement, in Spermatogenesis cycle in rat. The fifty male wistar rat were selected and randomly divided into five groups; control [n=10] and test [n=40]. The test groups was received 5mg/kg [IP] Gentamicin, 50mg/kg [IP] Neomycin, 40mg/kg [IP] Streptomycin, and 72mg/kg [PO] ofloxacin daily for fourteenth day; however the control group just received vehicle [IP]. In fourteenth day the testis tissue of Rat in whole groups were removed and sperm was collected from epididymis then prepared for analysis. Light microsopic Obervation Showed that sperm cell count and viability as compared with compared with control group decreased significantly [p<0.001]. When compared with control group, percentage of sperm motility decreased significantly in all experimental except ofloxacin group [p>0.05]. Since in our study ofioxacin had only effect on sperm population and viability and hadn't any effect on sperm motility percentage, so it seems that using this antibiotic is safest more than others on sperm health parmeters