Sedative, analgesic, behavioral and clinical effects of intravenous nalbuphine-xylazine combination in camels (Camelus dromedarius)

This study examined the sedative, analgesic, behavioral, and clinical effects of a combination of xylazine (XY) and nalbuphine-xylazine (NA-XY) in camels. A total of five adult camels were used in a prospective randomized cross-over design with a wash out period of two weeks. Camels were allocated randomly to two treatment groups: the XY group (xylazine, 1.1mL/100 kg IV) and the NA-XY group (xylazine, 1.1mL/100 kg IV and nalbuphine, 1 mg/kg IV). The sedative, analgesic, behavioral, and clinical effects of XY and NA-XY combination were evaluated prior to administration (baseline) and at 5, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, and 120 minutes post-administration. The results showed that the NA-XY combination accelerates the onset of sedation and analgesia and prolongs the durations of both sedation (p < 0.001) and analgesia (p < 0.01). The behavioral parameters showed higher scores with a NA-XY combination than xylazine alone. Although a XY injection resulted in a significant decline in the heart and respiratory rate, the NA-XY combination group revealed a non-significant change in both clinical parameters compared to the baseline. In conclusion, the use of a NA-XY combination in camels improved the sedative and analgesic onset and duration with an improved outcome in the behavioral scores, as well as in both the heart and respiratory rates compared to XY alone.

Assessment of endovascular management of extracranial internal carotid artery stenosis

Background: Carotid artery stenting [CAS] had become widely used as an alternative to carotid endarterectomy [CEA] in revascularization therapy of carotid artery stenosis, especially in some high risk patients for surgical intervention

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcome and follow up of cases that undergo extracranial CAS at the Neuroendovascular Unit of Ain Shams University Hospital

Methods: During a 30 month period, 50 cases were enrolled and underwent carotid artery stenting with open cell [Protege [registered] - EV3] or closed cell [Wall stent[registered] - Boston scientific] stents. A filter device for embolic protection [Spider filter[registered] - EV3] was used. Clinical assessment with the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale [NIHSS] together with post procedural diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging [DW-MRI] was used to determine cerebral embolization

Results: CAS was performed in 50 cases; 40 [80%] symptomatic and 10 [20%] asymptomatic. A similar number of open-cell and closed-cell stents were used. New acute cerebral emboli were detected with DW-MRI in 12% [6/50] of cases after the procedure. Three [3/50] cases [6%] showed corresponding clinical deterioration in NIHSS; two cases developed minor stroke and the third case developed a major stroke

Conclusion: CAS at Ain Shams Neuroendovascular Unit showed a high technical success rate and good short term clinical outcome

Postmarketing pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic equivalence of generic and brand atenolol in Egypt

Concerns have raised regarding the postmarketing quality of generic drugs. This study assessed the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic equivalence of generic and brand atenolol tablets in 24 healthy male volunteers in a single-dose, open, randomized, two-period crossover study under fasting conditions. Blood samples were collected for 24 h post dosing and assayed for atenolol using HPLC. Blood pressure and heart rate were measured at baseline and throughout blood sampling. The mean plasma concentration-time curves for both products were similar. Pharmacokinetic and statistical analysis indicated bioequivalence based on the mean ratios of log-transformed Cmax and AUC values. Both products had similar time courses of pharmacodynamic activity with a significant fall in blood pressure and heart rate [maximum after 5 h] followed by a gradual increase towards baseline. Both products were well tolerated. Both atenolol products were bioequivalent in the postmarketing setting and can be used interchangeably in clinical practice

Some studies on the factors of the pathogenicity of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine mastitis

This work aimed to study some factors of the pathogenicity of S. aureus isolated from bovine mastitis. Holstein-Friesian cows raised in two farms in El-Bohera governorate were examined from winter 2008 through spring 2009. Clinically, 208 out of 1000 cows had mastitis. Milk samples were collected and subjected for bacteriological examination for isolation and identification of S. aureus as well as further identification of S. aureus enterotoxin A [SEA] via PCR using species specific primers. Sixty-five [31.25%] isolates of staphylococci could be isolated. Twenty-two [33.85%] of the isolates were positive for coagulase activity. Two isolates out of eight [25%] biochemically identified S. aureus were positive for SEA. As detected by PCR

Effect of sprulina platensis on the immune response of cultured oreochromis niloticus

The use of microalgae in the field of fish feeding is still operated in a small scale. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of using the microalga Spirulina platensis powder as a feed additive in fish diets. So, we use a total number of 120 apparently healthy Oreochromis niloticus, with average body weight of fish [50 +/- 5g] were obtained from Barseek fish farm at Behera Governorate. The present work was designed to investigate the different immunostimulant effects of Spirulina on some cultured freshwater fish including serum proteins, [Lymphocytes and monocytes] as well as phagocytic activity, index and the level of antibody titer, relative level of protection. For these investigations four experimental diets were carried out by addition of Spirulina platensis powder to balanced fish diet. 1[st] group: fed on 1[st] diet which is formed of fish diet with addition of 2.5% Spirulina platensis powder to it. 2[nd] group: fed on 2[nd] diet which is formed of fish diet with addition of 5% Spirulina platensis powder to it. 3[rd] group: fed on 3[rd] diet which is formed of fish diet with addition of 10% Spirulina platensis powder to it. 4[th] group: fed on 4[th] diet which is formed of fish diet without addition of Spirulina platensis powder to it [Control group]. The most important results of this study include: 1.There was a tendency for the WBCs values had the highest values during addition of Spirulina also there was increasing in lymphocyte and monocytes in groups fed on Spirulina than the control groups. 2. Fish groups supplemented with Spirulina showed increased of phagocytic activity and phagocytic index until the 4[th] weeks from feeding Spirulina. 3. In the present work, the significant increase in albumin, globulin and total protein and increase of albumin/globulin [A/G] ratio in the groups fed on Spirulina than control group 4. The antibody titers in all Spirulina supplemented groups were highor than the control feed on basal diet where ranged between 2 +/- 0.1, 3 +/- 0.1, 4 +/- 0.3 and 4 +/- 0.3 during 1[st], 2[nd], 3[rd] and 4[th] weeks respectively and at the end of the 4[th] week, the antibody titers ranked in groups where the 10% Spirulina supplemented group come in the first rank, followed by 5% Spirulina supplemented group, then 2.5% Spirulina supplemented group while the control group came in the last rank in values. 5. The potency of bacterin was examined by calculating the relative level of protection [RLP]. In this study, we examined the disease resistance in Spirulina - treated tilapia using the tilapia pathogen Aeromonas hydrophila

Isolation and identification of ichthiophonus hoferi from cultured fish

The Icthyophonosis is a dangerous disease, the consequences of which are difficult to assess for wild populations of fish. This study aimed to throw the light on the importance of I. hoferi on fresh water fish, it dangerious effect in addition to its identification of isolation, characterization and the most important symptoms showed on naturally infected Oreochromis niloticus with I. hoferi showing deformity of vertebral column, darkening in color, sand paper appearance of skin, poor appetite listlessness. The young culture of I. hoferi on SDA t 10% bovine serum showing rupture of multinucleated bodies and release of spores through extra material discharge after 9 days. At PH 3.5 showing starting of hyphal growth after shours post-culturing the lyphae produce many branches, extending of the hyphae to grow and increase in length after 24 hours, migration of cytoplasm to the apexes of hypae after 3 days, rounding up of the apics of the hyphae after 7 days, finally all the hyphae rounding up to form sphericael hyphae terminal bodies after 10 days. Rounding up of the apics of the hyphae after 7 days, finally all the hyphae rounding up to form sphericael hyphae terminal bodies after 10 days and in old culture showing chlamydospores formation around the multinucleated bodies and extend to the test of sticked hyphae at 3 weeks

Immunological and biochemical responses in asian seabass fingerlings [lates calcarifer] vaccinated with vibrio anguillarum bacterin

Groups of apparently healthy Asian seabass fingerlings [Lates calcarifer] weighing from 20 to 30 g were immunized against vibriosis by a vaccine in the form of formalin killed bacteria of Vibrio anguillarum that originated from diseased fish. This immunization was administered by three different routes which were bath immersion, orally [by feeding] or intraperitoneal injection [IP]. Immunization process was followed with booster dose by the same routes 2 weeks after the 1[st] dose. The efficacy of this vaccination was evaluated based on immune responses [specific and non specific] and protection against bacterial challenge performed by IP inoculation with 0.1 ml of bacterial, suspension of live virulent V. anguillarum at concentration of 1.2 x 108 c /ml. Antibody titres [as specific immunity], phagocytic activity phagocytic index and serum bactericidal activity [as non-specific immunity] mortality% and relative percentage survival [RPS] as challenge indicators against V. anguillarum were determined. Also, serum: total protein, albumin and globulin contents and albumin / globulin ratio [A / G] were estimated. In the present study serum antibody titres, phagocytic activity and phagocytic index were significantly increased in different vaccinated groups after one and two weeks from the 1[st] dose of vaccine and after one week of booster dose of vaccine. Except, only one week after the 1[st] dose of vaccine, bath immersion vaccinated group showed no changes in serum antibody titres. Detection of serum bactericidal activity showed that there were significantly higher levels against V. anguillarum as marked reduced survive index [SI] in all vaccinated fish compared with controls at different sampling times. Serum bactericidal activity in oral and IP injection of vaccinated fish groups showed higher levels by significantly indicated reduced survive index [SI] more than in bath immersion vaccinated group at different sampling times. The vaccination conferred protection without any mortalities against V. anguillarum challenge as relative percentage survival [RPS] = 100% for each group of oral and IP injection vaccination. RPS in the bath immersion vaccinated group was 60% with 40% mortality, while, in control group there was no protection, where, RPS was zero and mortality was 100% Serum total protein and globulin contents were significantly increased in all vaccinated groups one and two weeks after 1[st] dose of vaccination and also one week after the booster dose. Albumin contents of serum were significantly decreased in bath immersion and oral vaccinated groups after one week from the 1[st] and booster doses of vaccination A / G ratios were significantly decreased in bath immersion and oral vaccinated groups after one week from the 1[st] and booster doses of vaccination also, A / G ratios in IP injection vaccinated groups were significantly decreased after two weeks and one week from the 1[st] and booster doses of vaccination respectively. Thus Asian seabass fingerlings gave good protective immune responses to Vibrio anguillarum vaccine when vaccinated by direct bath immersion orally or IP injection but in the two last routes it was better and marked protective immunity were recorded

Cognitive dysfunction in patients with chronic hepatitis C: a psychometric and magnetic resonance spectroscopic study

Patients with chronic hepatitis C virus [HCV] infection frequently describe neuropsychological symptoms and there is a growing body of literature on cerebral dysfunction occurring at an early stage of chronic HCV infection. The aim of the present study was to elucidate whether patients' subjective impression of cognitive impairment was accompanied by objective evidence of cerebral dysfunction. 12 Patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection with compensated liver function were recruited from Ain-Shams university hospitals. Another 8 healthy controls matched for age and sex were recruited from available hospital staff or patients relatives. Patients with potential risk factors for cognitive impairment were excluded. All patients and controls underwent clinical assessment, laboratory test, abdominal ultrasound, neuropsychological assessment, digital electroencephalography [DEEG], brain MRI and MR spectroscopy [MRS]. DEEG of all 12 patients revealed normal background with well formed alpha waves with no focal or generalized slowing and no epileptic activity. Psychometric assessment revealed that attention and sustained attention was affected in 6 patients [50%], short term memory was affected in 4 patients [33.5%], psychomotor speed and learning ability was affected in 4 patients [33.5%] and immediate verbal and visual memories were affected in 6 patients [50%]. Depression was absent in all patients. The MRI brain of all patients revealed no abnormalities. On intermediate echo sequence of MRS, the HCV group showed significant decrease in N-acetylaspartate/creatine ratios [NAA/Cr ratio] in frontal white matter [P < 0.05]. Mild, statistically non significant, elevation of choline/creatine ratios predominantly in basal ganglionic [BG] region was noted on both short and intermediate echo sequences. On short echo sequence of MRS, the HCV group showed a mild, statistically non significant, increase in myoinositol/creatine in frontal white matter region as compared to controls. Thus, there is a suggested reduction of normal neurons and accentuation of gliosis in frontal white matter together with membrane degradation in BG in patients with hepatitis C virus infection. Agreement between psychometry and MRS revealed a significant agreement between decreased NAA/Cr and impaired attention and sustained attention, immediate verbal memory and immediate visual memory [P < 0.05]. HCV infection itself is associated with changes in the brain, even in the absence of hyperammonemia. Specifically, HCV-infected individuals may have deficits in cognitive functions such as attention, working memory, and speed of information processing. They also have abnormalities on magnetic resonance spectroscopy [MRS] that favor the organic explanation of the patients' mental symptoms

Phylogenetic evidence for recombination in SAG5 locus in Toxoplasma gondii

The present study evaluated the hypothesis that genetic diversity in SAG5 genes was generated by recombination events. Three lines of evidence suggested that recombination occurred in SAG5 genes in T. gondii. The permutation test revealed strong signature of intragenic recombination, pairwise comparisons of nucleotide sequences of SAG5 genes revealed that SAG5A alleles have chimerical structures composed of segments derived through recombination events between different alleles, and phylogenetic trees reconstructed based on SAG5 sequences using neighbor-joining and maximum parsimony methods, showed statistically well-supported consensus clusters of T. gondii strains specific to each SAG5 gene. Topological discrepancies between trees based on the N-terminal variable domain and C-terminal conserved domain sequences, were observed, suggesting intragenic recombinetion between SAG5A and SAG5B/C genes. The results showed that recombination within SAG5 in T. gondii was a major evolutionary mechanism generating both allelic variation at SAGS locus and contributing to genotypic diversity and to emergence of new T. gondii variants, allowing them to evade the host immune defence mechanism

Epidemiology and hazards of student labour in Mansoura, Egypt

To determine the prevalence of student labour, underlying causes and impacts, we carried out a cross - sectional study on 1293 students enrolled in government secondary schools in Mansoura. Year - round work was reported by 8.6% of students and summer work by 27.5%. The majority worked for > / = 6 hours/ day. Lower social status, attending vocational school, male sex, large family size and rural residence were significant predictors of student labour. Hazards at the workplace, injuries and corporal punishment were prevalent among working students. Work adversely affected education and social life. Contribution to family income was the main reason for working

Lumbar facet joint block: computed tomography guided technique compared with fluoroscopy guided technique using the posterior approach: a comparative study

Facet joint is a main source of chronic low back pain with a prevalence of 16.7%. Clinical examination and imaging are insufficient to diagnose facet joint syndrome [30% accuracy and 45% false positives]. Facet joint block is the gold standard in diagnosis of facet joint syndrome. It can also relieve pain for up to 6 months. It can be done under computed tomography [CT] or fluoroscopy. To identify which imaging modality is more suitable to guide the procedure of lumbar facet joint block, fluoroscopy or CT. Thirty four lumbar facet joints represented by 12 patients were injected in the radiology department, Suez Canal University Hospital, Ismailia, Egypt from 1/2005 to 1/2006. All cases were suspected of having facet joint syndrome based on clinical or radiological data. After clinical examination and reviewing lumbar images to identify target facets, every patient underwent facet joint block under either CT or fluoroscopy. Fluoroscopy was more successful in guiding the injections [success rate 77.7% compared with 31.25% in CT guidance]. It is also faster [6.6 minutes per joint compared with 10.9 minutes for CT guidance]. Less number of trials were required [1.7 trial compared with 6.6 trials with CT guidance]. Fluoroscopy exposed the patients and the radiologist to much irradiation [21.3 rad compared to 0.3 rad in CT guidance]. Decreased bone density and laminectomy impair fluoroscopy guidance. CT guidance is difficult in patients with marked arthropathy and coronally oriented joints [8 trials compared with 5.6 for normally appearing joints]. Fluoroscopy should be the primary choice for guiding lumbar facet joint block. It is more successful and faster. Its disadvantages include much irradiation to patients and radiologists, and difficulty in patients with laminectomy and decreased bone density. CT can then be used to guide the block

Clinical and radiological outcomes of posterior lumbar interbody fusion with carbon fiber cage in comparison to posterior lumbar interbody fusion with iliac bone graft

This prospective, controlled, randomized clinical study critically compared the clinical and radiological outcomes in patients surgically treated by PLIF with carbon fiber cage versus those treated by PLIF with iliac bone graft. In the period between May 2004 and April 2006, sixty patients underwent posterior interbody fusion of the lumbar spine with transpedicular screw fixation for the treatment of their degenerative segmental instability. In half of then PLIF was done using carbon fiber cage and in the other half PLIF was done using iliac bone graft. Participants were evaluated pre-operatively and post-operatively at 3, 6, 9, and 12-month intervals. Pain was scored by a VAS for both lower limb and back pain both preoperatively and postoperatively. The clinical outcomes were compared using the Prolo economic and functional rating scale and the fusion status was compared using the radiological criteria of fusion proposed by Brantigan. By 12 months follow up period, 65% of the study group expressed clinical success. Prolo scale showed clinical outcomes of patients who were treated with PLIF with carbon cage are better than those treated with PLIF with iliac crest graft but this was not statistically significant. The radiographic evaluation for bone union showed that 43% of the iliac bone group had no fusion, but 80% of cases of the cage group revealed sound fusion. Complications were matched in the 2 groups except for collapse and iliac crest harvest complications that prevail in the iliac crest group. PLIF with Carbon cage gives better fusion on radiology than PLIF with iliac bone graft, but no statistical difference in the clinical outcome. Carbon cage use precludes complications associated with iliac bone harvesting

applicability of T-cell receptor gamma gen rearrangement as an adjuvant diagnosis tool in skin biopsies for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma

The diagnosis of cutaneous T-cell lymphoid infiltrates may be difficult based on clinical and routine immunohistologic findings. In this situation, an ancillary technique demonstrating the presence of a monoclonal cell proliferation could help to rule in or out cutaneous T-cell lymphoma [CTCL] in cases that clinically and histopathologically do not allow a definitive diagnosis. Southern blot analysis is a time-consuming method with low sensitivity that should not be considered for the routine diagnosis of cutaneous lymphoid infiltrates. Moreover, it can be used only when fresh tissue is available. New assays based on the amplification of the T-cell receptor gamma [TCR gamma] chain gene rearrangement by polymerase chain reaction [PCR] have been proposed to overcome these limitations. We retrospectively studied 124 biopsies from 104 patients [66 biopsies with the clinical and histological diagnosis or suspicious of CTCL and 58 biopsies with histological diagnosis of benign reactive dermatological conditions who presented to the Dermatology Unit at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia between 1996 and 2004. The specimens were morphologically examined and then analyzed by PCR for the gamma chain of the TCR gamma followed by gel electrophoresis. The results showed 87.1% sensitivity and 92% specificity in detecting clonal T-cell gene rearrangements among CTCL cases with a positive predictive value of 93.1% and negative predictive value of 85.2%. Therefore, negative TCR gamma results in CTCL should be taken with caution. The detection of clonal TCR gamma gene rearrangement by PCR based method is an adjuvant diagnostic marker for CTCL, although it can be seen in some benign dermatoses

Role of two-dimensional computed tomography, multiplanar reconstruction and three dimensional computed tomography in the assessment of facial trauma

Computed tomography [CT] has become the primary imaging modality for diagnosis of facial fractures. Spiral CT further simplified diagnosis of facial trauma by allowing multiplanar reformations and three dimensional reconstructions while reducing patient motion and registration artifacts.To evaluate the role of helical CT and three dimensional reconstructions in diagnosis of different patterns of facial fractures. From June 2003 to February 2005, One hundred patients aging from 6-64 years [including 78 males and 22 females] presented with a variety of facial injuries were included in the study. All patients were referred to our CT unit from the emergency department, Suez Canal University Hospital, Ismailia. All cases underwent a spiral CT study then, the image data were manipulated and analyzed. Fracture detection by two dimensional computed tomography [2D CT] and multiplanar reconstruction [MPR] together was 100% [226 of 226 fractures], fracture detection by axial 2D CT alone was 220 of 226 fractures [97.3%] but fracture detection by 3D CT alone was 183 of 226 fractures [80.9%]. Two cases of cribriform plate of ethmoidal bone fracture, one case of nasal septum fracture, one case of hard palate fracture, one case of orbital roof and one case with orbital floor fracture was done by coronal reformatted images and missed on axial 2D CT images. MPR was useful or determinant in 53 of 226 fractures [23.4%] of all fractures in comparison with direct axial 2D CT. Three dimensional computed tomography [3D CT] images alone never showed any more fractures than those seen on axial and coronal-reformatted images. Fracture detection was always superior by 2D CT but perception of fragment displacement and resulting disruption of facial symmetry was superior on 3D CT. The greatest advantage of multiplanar imaging is the improved depiction of skeletal injuries along a horizontal plane, paralleling that of axial scans. The depiction of fractures of cribriform plate of ethmoidal bone and orbital roof and floor was particularly useful from a clinical viewpoint. 3D CT images should be used as a useful complementary tool

Endoscopic transcanal tympanoplasty

The authors report their experience with the use of otoendoscope in the reconstruction of the tympanic membrane. Studyed design: Case review study Methods Charts were reviewed for all patients who underwent endoscopic transcanal tympanoplasty between November 2002 and November 2004. Autograft temporalis fascia was used in all cases. There were 24 patients with uncomplicated central perforation. Success was defined as complete graft taking and hearing improvement. Results graft taking success rate was 87.5% and hearing improvement was achieved in all, except one who had developed serous otitis media and required a myringotomy tube in the postoperative period

Evaluation of multiple transrectal ultrasound guided biopsies of the prostate for the detection of prostate cancer

To evaluate different regimens used in transrectal [TRUS] guided biopsy and to identify the optimal [TRUS] biopsy regimen, a prospective study included 80 consequent men undergoing biopsy either because of an elevated PSA> 4 ng/ml and/or abnormal digital rectal examination. Biopsies yielded 34 patients with prostate cancer giving a positive biopsy rate of 42.5%. Traditional sextant biopsy diagnosed 30 patients [88.2%]out of 34 patients with prostate cancer, while laterally directed biopsies detected 32patients [94%]. Positive transitional biopsy was positive in only two patients. No single case of prostate cancer was diagnosed only by transitional zone biopsies. The highest detection rate among traditional sextant biopsy sites were at the apex [88%] while the lowest were at the base [67.4%]. None of patients developed major complications. A sextant biopsy, far laterally oriented, regimen is the optimum transrectal biopsy regimen for detection of prostate cancer

Molecular hematology. Qualitative to quantitative techniques

Over the last decade molecular diagnostics technology has developed dramatically from the most laborious, time- consuming southern blot methodology through the revolution of polymerase chain reaction PCR technology to the most reliable, fast, and contamination free molecular analyzer, the real-time quantitative-PCR. The Section of Hematology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center has shared this experience during the last 10 years with more than 6,546 samples submitted for the analysis of different gene rearrangements, fusion gene transcripts and gene mutations including Ig heavy chain gene rearrangement for B-cell malignancies, T-cell receptor gamma chain gene rearrangement for T-cell malignancies, BCR/ABL-P210 and P190 fusion gene transcripts, for chronic myeloid leukemia and Philadelphia positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia, PML/RARa fusion gene for promyelocytic leukemia, AML1/ETO for acute myeloid leukemia AML-M2 with t8;21, CBFB/MYH11 for AML M4E0 with inv 16, BCL-2 for follicular lymphoma, and BCL-1 for mantle cell lymphoma. Hence, most molecular assays are qualitative in nature, quantitative assays are deemed necessary in the monitoring and follow-up of minimal residual disease in leukemia and lymphoma, and proved in our experience to serve as an essential tool to confirm complete remission CR post-chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation, and to detect signs of early relapse for proper clinical intervention. In this manuscript, we retrospectively review our experience in molecular hematology and propose our recommended guidelines at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center

Evaluation of cervical carcinoma by MRI: detection, staging and follow up

This study is performed to evaluate the role of MR Imaging in cervical carcinoma, regarding detection of the lesions; staging and its value in follow up of previously treated cases. Thirty female patients [classified into 2 groups] presented by either positive cervical smear for cervical carcinoma or cervical mass associated with vaginal discharge were confronted in this study. Their ages ranged from 23 to 71 years old with a mean age of 47 years. All patients were subjected to MR imaging and histopathological evaluation for correlation of MRI results. MRI detected all cases within or above stage IB, either the primary tumor or tumor recurrence [27 detected cases out of 30 patients]. MRI was accurate in detection of tumor invasion of the upper or lower thirds of the vagina, extension to the pelvic wall and invasion of the bladder and rectum. MRI was able to clearly identify lymph node enlargement. The sensitivity of MRI in the 1[st] group was 87.5% and in the 2[nd] group was 100% with over all sensitivity of 90%. The overall accuracy of MRI in this study was 90%. MR Imaging is considered the primary imaging modality in detection, staging and follow up patients with cervical carcinoma. MRI is considered very helpful in detection of tumor recurrence and differentiates recurrence from post radiation changes