[Effect of soybean on male reproductive physiology in male mice]

Soybean [Soja hispida Moench] is a member of Fabaceae family. It is a species of legume native to East Asia. Soy contains significant amount of all the essential amino acids for humans; therefore, is a good source of protein. Soy has an important role in the improvement and treatment of come cancers such as colon, prostate, and breast. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of soybeans on reproductive system in male mice. This experimental study was conducted at Isfahan Payam e Noor University in 2009. In this research, 32 male mice were randomly grouped into four experimental groups. The control group was fed with soy-free basic diet. The experimental groups 1,2 and 3 were fed with a diet containing 20%, 30% and 50% soy diet respectively. At the end of 9 weeks of treatment, blood samples were collected and serum levels of testosterone, LH and FSH were measured. The collected data was analyzed with SPSS software using one way ANOVA with Dunnett's post test and Duncan test. In the experimental group which received 20% soy diet, the level of testosterone had a meaningful decrease in comparison with the control group [P<0.05], but in the experiemental group which received a 50% soy diet, the level of testosterone had a meaningful increase [P<0.05]. The LH level in 30% and 50% groups had a meaningful increase but no significant differences were observed in FSH level and weight of testicles [P<0.05]. The number of sperms in all of the treatment regimes had a meaningful decrease [P<0.05], but the mean of testis weight was not significantly different between different groups [P>0.05]. Results of this research indicated that the 20, 30, and 50 percent soy diet had a negative effect on the male reproductive system in mice

[Identifying serogroup and servers of acute human leptospirosis in Gillan province by MAT method]

Introduction: Leptospirosis is a common Zoonosis, which is more prevalent in tropical and temperate regions. Rodents, wild and domestic animals are reservoir of Leptospirosis. Usually the infected animals are carriers for the rest of their lives and the bacteri is secreted from their urine. The secreted bacteria can enter a host [animal or human] and continue the circle of disease

Objective: Diagnosis of leptospirsis according to clinical symptoms is difficult due to lack of pathogenic sign[s] and the similarities of its clinical features to some common febrile diseases, so laboratory is important in diagnosis. Leptospira is fastidious and its isolation from other clinical specimens is difficult, time consuming and usually unsuccessful, so MAT is the gold standard for diagnosis and serotyping of leptospira and is usual in all reference laboratories

Materials and Methods: We performed this study in 1383 by taking blood sample from patients hospitalized in Emam Khomeini Hospital in Some- e-sara, Razi and 22 Aban Lahijan and had clinical symptoms and were suspected of leptospirosis. Sampling was done in spring and summer, which are prevalent seasons of leptospirosis in Gailan prorince. We stored all serums in- 200[degree]c until examination, and in summer of 1383 serum samples were screened by a Quantitative Elisa method to detect positive samples for doing MAT, and performed MAT to determine causative serogroups

Results: 282 serum sample were all tested by quantitative Elisa and 130 cases had IgM titer equal or greater than 1:60 which were considered for MAT test. Seventy serum samples had titer

Conclusion: Analyzing the results of MAT was hard and complex due to alternate reactions happening between different serogroups specially in clinical samples related to acute disease. According to CDC, a serum titer of >/= 200 and if it correlates with clinical symptoms can present probable diagnosis. In this study, considering the samples were only taken from patients with clinical symptoms and suspected of leptospirosis and then after screening by Elisa, only positive samples with IgM titer equal or greater than 1:16 were assessed by MAT keeping in mind three criteria [Correlating clinical symptoms Elisa and MAT results] there is a high efficacy of diagnosis and determines servoirs and serogroups are prevalent in this area