Résumé
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the effect of cyclosporine A (CsA) loaded in chitosan conduit on bridging the sciatic nerve defects in a rat model.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A 10 mm sciatic nerve defect was bridged using a chitosan conduit filled with 10 μl carrier-drug dilution (10 μg/L CsA). In control group, the conduit was filled with the same volume of carrier dilution alone. The regene-rated fibers were studied 4, 8 and 12 weeks after surgery.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The functional study confirmed faster recovery of the regenerated axons in treatment group than control group (P<0.05). There was statistically significant difference of the gastrocnemius muscle weight ratios between treatment and control groups (P<0.05). Morphometric indices of regenerated fibers showed that the number and diameter of the myelinated fibers in CsA-treated animals were significantly higher than those in control group. In immunohistochemistry, the location of reactions to S-100 in CsA group was clearly more positive than control group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>CsA loaded in a chitosan conduit results in improvement of functional recovery and quantitative morphometric indices of sciatic nerve. It is easily available without any complications compared with its systemic administration.</p>