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Objective:To explore the efficacy and safety of ticagrelor versus clopidogrel in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) Chinese patients using glycoprotein Ⅱb/Ⅲa inhibitor (GPI).Methods:The data from CCC-ACS (Improving Care for Cardiovascular Disease in China-ACS) project were systematically reviewed in ACS patients with GPI. The patients were divided into ticagrelor and clopidogrel groups. A logistic analysis and propensity score matching (PSM) were performed to compare occurrences of major cardiovascular events (MACE) and bleeding events between the two groups during hospitalization.Results:A total of 63 641 ACS patients were collected from 150 hospitals. Logistic regression analyses showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the reduction of MACE between ticagrelor and clopidogrel when using GPI ( OR=0.881, 95% CI 0.599-1.296; P=0.521). However, major bleeding rate was higher in the ticagrelor group than that in the clopidogrel group ( OR=1.401, 95% CI 1.075-1.852; P=0.013). Similar results were observed after PSM. No statistic difference in MACE between the ticagrelor and clopidogrel group ( OR=0.919, 95% CI 0.613-1.376; P=0.681). Major bleeding rate was higher in the ticagrelor group ( OR=1.559, 95% CI 1.130-2.150; P=0.007). Conclusion:In ACS patients with GPI, ticagrelor did not reduce MACE, but increased the major bleeding risk compared with clopidogrel.
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Objective To explore the influence of low dose cyclophosphamide (CTX)acting on regu-latory T cells (Tregs)of hepatocellular carcinoma-bearing mice,and the anti-tumor effect of low dose CTX combined with cytokine induced killer cells (CIKs).Methods Models of tumor-bearing mice were established by subcutaneous inoculation with hepatocellular carcinoma cells.The mice were randomly divided into 4 groups (n =35),there were normal control group,single tumor group,single CTX group (1 time,1 00 mg/kg,intra-peritoneal)and cyclical CTX group (once every 6 days,3 times,1 00 mg/kg,intraperitoneal).The changes of the Treg/CD4 + in spleens were detected by flow cytometry.We isolated mononulear cells from spleen of mice to culture CIKs.To study the effect of anti-tumor in vitro,tumor-bearing mice were randomly divided into 6 treat-ment groups,there were single tumor group,single CTX group,single CIK group,cyclical CTX group,single CTX +CIK group and cyclical CTX +CIK group.The growth curves of tumor were drawn.At the end of the experiment,tumor was separated and weighted.The growth inhibition ratio of tumor was calculated.Results With time prolonged after tumor inoculation,the proportion of Treg/CD4 + increased gradually in spleen of mice in single tumor group.On the 1 0th day,this proportion of single CTX group was (8.95 ±1 .90)% and the sin-gle tumor group was (9.25 ±1 .74)%,and there was no difference between two groups (t =0.374,P =0.71 4).The proportion in the cyclical CTX group (8.99 ±2.1 1 )% was still lower than that in the single tumor group (1 6.76 ±2.02)% on the 1 9th day,and the difference was significant (t =8.544,P =0.000). Treatment for 21 days,the volume and weight of the single tumor group,single CTX group,single CIK group, cyclical CTX group,single CTX +CIK group and cyclical CTX +CIK group were (3 800.4 ±607.5 ), (3 764.8 ±537.7),(3 352.2 ±485.4),(2 076.6 ±620.2),(1 867.1 ±533.6),(970.7 ±1 35.3)mm3 and (4.01 ±0.66),(3.86 ±0.74),(3.80 ±0.42),(2.08 ±0.27),(1 .83 ±0.93),(0.86 ±0.25)g. The tumor volume and weight were minimum in the cyclical CTX +CIK group.The tumor inhibition effects were weaker in the cyclical CTX and single CTX +CIK groups.But tumor in single CIK and CTX groups were unsup-pressed.The differences among the 6 groups had statistically significance (F =21 3.750,P =0.000;F =27.1 42,P =0.000).Conclusion Cyclical administration of low-dose CTX combined with CIKs has an obvi-ous therapeutic effect on hepatocellular carcinoma bearing mice and can provide a new idea for anti-tumor therapy.
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BACKGROUND:In previous experiments, TiO2-xNy OBJECTIVE:To study the friction properties of orthodontic brackets coated with TiO-coated bracket has been confirmed to have excelent antibacterial properties and biological safety performance. 2-xNy METHODS: TiO film. 2-xNy film was prepared by radiofrequency magnetron sputtering on MBT bracket (0.022″). The TiO 2-x N y RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: TiO-coated brackets were analyzed by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy observations. The coefficient of static friction and coefficient of kinetic friction between the wires (0.012″, 0.014″, 0.016″) and orthodontic brackets were calculated. 2-xNy film on the bracket was of anatase structure, which was compact and had good crystalinity. Under dry condition, the coefficient of static friction and kinetic friction of the brackets coated with TiO2-xNy were less than those of ordinary brackets; under wet condition, the coefficients of static friction and kinetic friction of the brackets coated with TiO2-xNy were less than those of ordinary brackets, but the difference was not statisticaly significant. Nano-TiO2-xNy film can reduce the friction between bracket and archwire, which wil offer a novel opportunity to significantly reduce the friction during tooth movement.