Résumé
The mating system of B. alexandrina was studied under laboratory condition by allozyme analysis and SDS-PAGE protein analysis for parent snails and their progenies of two successive generations produced by self and cross fertilization. Allozyme analysis detected 11 genetic loci in 3 enzymes; ACP [3 loci], LDH [2 loci] and EST [6 loci]. The mean number of Allele [A], average heterozygosity over loci [H] and dendrogram from cluster analysis based on genetic distances between snail groups showed a genetic heterogeneity in parents and 1[st] generation higher than that in the 2[nd] generation. Cross-fertilization and genetic heterogeneity among snails decreased through generations. Snails practiced self-fertilization showed genetic alterations and genetic heterogeneity was either decreased or increased. SDS-PAGE profile of tissue protein revealed that the mating system in B. alexandrina showed specific bands, 204 and 214 KDa, in snails bred by self-fertilization. D value based on shared protein bands number and estimated similarity between parents and progenies showed that parents were approximately similar with self and cross progenies in 1[st] generation and only with cross progenies in 2[nd] generation as self progenies showed increase or decrease in similarity. B. alexandrina susceptibility to S. mansoni was not affected when snails were bred by cross or self fertilization