Résumé
There are a lot of elements affecting the success of implant prosthesis. The quality of surgical procedure is considered as one of the key factors. To avoid the excess heat generation is an important element of successful osseointegration and it can be achieved by using a gentle surgical technique with a sharp instrument in bone drilling. This study was performed to measure and analyze comparatively the heat transmitted to surrounding bone at a distance of 0.5mm from the periphery of the drill hole in each drilling stage. The results were as follows. In standard system, the temperature of surrounding bone tissue ranged from 29.2degrees Cto 48.3degrees C with irrigation and from 34.6degrees C to 84.3degrees C without irrigation. And in wide system, the temperature of surrounding bone tissue ranged from 29.5degrees C to 52.5degrees C with irrigation and from 34.8degrees C to 87.8degrees C without irrigation. And the temperature ranges exceeded the threshold without irrigation, while showing less than the threshold by the cooling effect of irrigation. In comparing standard system with wide system, although there was no significant difference, 4.3mm pilot and 4.3mm twist drill of wide system showed high value and wide system showed slightly high elevation of temperature in all depth in fixture installation In the finite element analysis, the calculated value by the Fourier's cooling law were applied to the bone drilling surface. And through analysis using different irrigation temperatures at 28degrees C, 15degrees C and 5degrees C, and according to the time. The result was that the cooling water at least below 15degrees C was required to maintain the temperature of surrounding bone less than threshold in bone drilling, the cooling water below 5degrees C was required to gain more sufficient cooling effect, and cooling over 5 seconds was needed after bone drilling for sufficient effect.