Recurrent vocal cord granulomas in a twelve-year-old child

Vocal cord granulomas or contact granulomas are benign masses of the vocal fold. They are relatively uncommon. The etiology is usually multifactorial which makes it difficult to treat. The pathogenesis of this condition is still undetermined but can be attributed to three etiological factors: vocal abuse, laryngopharyngeal reflux disease, and laryngeal intubation. Recurrence is high due to the fact that most of the underlying causes are persistent. We report a case recurrent granuloma exacerbated by excision which contributed to its recurrence. Between 2012 to 2017, the patient had multiple microbroncholaryngoscopy [MLB] for excision of the granulomas [twice per year]. Co2 laser was used in some of the procedures. The patient was kept under observation with regular follow-up visits and endoscopies. In May 2018, the patient was symptom free and flexible nasal endoscopy showed normal bilateral vocal cords with disappearance of the granulomas

Epistaxis, nasal obstruction and unilateral facial pain due to an ectopic tooth

Ectopic eruption of teeth within the dentate region of the jaws is frequently noticed in routine clinical practice. However, the ectopic eruption in a non-dentate region is rare, especially in the area of the maxillary sinus. Early surgical intervention for the removal of ectopic teeth along with enucleation of associated cyst, such as a dentigerous cyst, if present, is the preferred treatment. We report a case of a patient who was referred due to chronic mucopurulent discharge and epistaxis, nasal obstruction and unilateral facial pain due to an ectopic third molar. This condition was caused by an ectopic tooth near the sinus ostium; however, the patient had no dental complaints

Role of balloon sinuplasty in the treatment of frontal sinusitis

A fifty-one-year-old male was diagnosed with recurrent frontal sinusitis; the patient completed the full course of optimal medical therapy: nasal steroids, antibiotics and nasal douches. The patient's symptoms did not improve including frontal headaches, nasal congestion and facial tenderness over the frontal sinus. CT scan of the sinuses was performed, and it confirmed the diagnosis of isolated right frontal sinusitis. The patient underwent "balloon sinus dilatation under local anesthesia" in the ENT outpatient clinic, and he was followed-up for 18 months to monitor any complication or symptom. This was the first case that had balloon sinuplasty procedure in Bahrain under local anesthesia in a clinic setting