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Objective To study the effects of Tongqiao-Huoxue decoction on neuron apoptosis in the CA1 region of the hippocampus and the serum nidogen expression of vascular dementia(VaD) rats and to investigate its mechanism. Methods 40 healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into a normal group, a sham operation group, a model group, a TCM group, and a placebo group. VaD rat models were established by Olsson method. After the models were successfully prepared, the rats in the TCM group were fed Tongqiao-Huoxue decoction, the rats in the placebo group were fed distilled water. Morris water maze test was adopted to investigate their learning and memory abilities, TUNEL was used to assay hippocampal CA1 neurons apoptosis, ELISA kits was used to detect Nestin serum levels . Results The neuron apoptosis index in the CA1 region of the hippocampus in the TCM group was(37.01±2.23)%,which was(55.15±1.54)%in the placebo group;the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The serum nidogen was(4.47±0.31)ng/L in the TCM group, which was(3.42±0.43)ng/L in the placebo group;the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Compared to the VaD group, escape latency in the TCM group in the third, forth, and fifth day was significantly shorter(P<0.05), the number of cross platforms were significantly increased(t=3.521, P=0.000). Conclusion Tong qiao-Huoxue decoction can improve learning and memory impairment in VaD rats, which may be associated with its increasing serum nidogen expression and decreasing the neuron apoptosis in hippocampal CA1.
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Objective To investigate the correlations between the hippocampal acetylcholine (ACh) content and neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampal CA1 region as well as the spatial memory impairment in a rat model of vascular dementia (VaD).Methods Forty male healthy Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into either a VaD group or a sham operation group (n =20 in each group).A VaD model was induced by intermittently clipping common carotid artery.Microdialysis was used to collect dialysis solutions in rat hippocampus.High-performance liquid chromatographic analysis was used to detect the ACh content in the dialysis fluid.Morris water maze test was used to test their learning and memory abilities.TUNEL staining was used to detect neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampal CA1 region.Results Microdialysis analysis showed that the ACh content in the hippocampus in the VaD group was significantly lower than that in the sham operation group (0.442 ± 0.028 μmmol/L vs.1.560 ± 0.092 μ mmol/L; t =51.697,P =0.000).TUNEL staining showed that the apoptosis rate in the hippocampal CA1 region in the VaD group was significantly higher than that in the sham operation group (55.652％ ±2.051％ vs.6.530％ ± 1.872％ ; t =79.114,P=0.000).The escape latencies at different detection time points were prolonged significantly (At day 3:49.713 ± 18.161 s vs.13.322 ± 2.454 s; t =-8.881,P =0.000; at day 4:34.368 ± 7.424 s vs.10.503±1.415 s; t=-14.121,P=0.000; at day 5:30.676± 6.669s vs.7.311± 1.534 s; t=-15.270,P =0.000),and the numbers of cross platform were reduced significantly (3.768 ± 1.072 vs.10.218 ± 1.165; t =18.224,P=0.000).Pearson correlation analysis showed that the ACh contents in the VaD group were negatively correlated with the escape latencies (at day 3:r =-0.476,P =0.034; at day 4:r=-0.700,P=0.001; at day 5:r=-0.693,P=0.001).They were positively correlated with the numbers of cross platform (r =0.689,P =0.001),and negatively correlated with the neuronal apoptosis rates in the hippocampal CA1 region (r =-0.271,P =0.031).Conclusions The decreased ACh content,the increased neuronal apoptosis rate in the rat hippocampal CA1 region in the VaD model may be one of the mechanisms of cognitive impairment in VaD rats.
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ObjectiveTo explore the expression of hemopoietin(EPO) mRNA on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats brain tissue and the effect of Tongxinluo on it.Methods The model of rat (MCAO) were perfused with Tongxinluo,the changes of neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation related cell factors of EPO mRNA were detected after ischemia-reperfusion injury 3、5、7、14 d by means of reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).ResultsEPO mRNA of ischemia-reperfusion models showed expression in different period,the expression enhanced in the third day,reached the highest in the fifth day; the ischemia side EPO mRNA expression enhanced in the third day after give Tongxinluo,in the 5,7 and 14 day,PCR expression gray values were higher than the model group.ConclusionEPO mRNA expression enhanced after cerebral ischemia,this expression can be strengthened by Tongxinluo,and may further induce neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation.
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Objective To explore predictive value of spectra parameter changing of transcranial Doppler (TCD) for intracranial pressure (ICP) and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) in patients with intracranial infection. Methods TCD examination was taken before 128 times of lumbar puncture for pressure testing in 42 patients with intracranial infection. Meanwhile, Data of TCD and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure were recorded for later analysis and compared with control group.Results With ICP increase progressively , the TCD of above patients showed high resistance spectra, waveform sharpened, peak systolic velocity (Vs) without significant change while in end diastolic velocity (Vd) decreased and pulsatility index (PI) increased.Compared with control group, their blood flow velocity significantly increased.According to the TCD parameter and stepwise regression equations, predicted ICP and CPP ( ICPe and CPPe) were positive correlated with actual ICP and CPP (r=0.594,0.910, allP