Larvicidal and repellent activity of lagenaria siceraria [cucurbitaceae] extracts against the house fly: musca domestica [diptera: muscidae]

The present study performed at evaluating the potency of methanol, acetone, chloroform and petroleum ether extracts of Lagenaria siceraria leaves against the 3rd instar larvae of the housefly, Musca domestica [Diptera: Muscidae] which consider as a diseases vector. The repellent efficacy of the prepared plant extracts against M. domestica adults was examined. All plant extracts showed a larvicidal activity against the 3rd instar larvae of M. domestica larvae; however, the petroleum ether extract was found that to be the more effective than chloroform, acetone and methanol extracts. The LC50 values of methanol, acetone, chloroform and petroleum ether extracts recorded 468.5, 432.1, 433.8 and 101.4ppm; respectively. As well, at the LC50 values of the tested extracts exhibited repellent activity against M. domestica adults. The effective plant extract that exhibited high antifeedant or repellency action was petroleum ether extract as compared to chloroform, acetone and methanol extracts. These results demonstrated that methanol, acetone, chloroform and petroleum ether extracts of L. siceraria leaves can be used as pest control even in their crude form. These results may provide an opportunity to develop alternatives to costly organic pesticides with some available cheap plants which are usually safe to the environment and to living organisms

Prostaglandin e1 before elective caesarean section to reduce transient tachypnea of the newborn [TTN]: a randomized control trial

Aim of the study: this study aimed to determine the role of prostaglandin E1 on the reduction of the neonatal respiratory morbidity specially [TTN]

Study Design: this is a parallel, randomized placebo controlled trial, comparing the use of Misoprostol [Prostaglandin E[1]] use in the form of Misoprostol E[1] vaginal tablets with nonmedicated similar vaginal tablet [placebo] to decrease the neonatal respiratory distress specially [TTN]

Results: this study included 300 cases with gestational age range between 38 weeks to less than 39 weeks the included cases were classified into 2 groups: study group included 150 case were given PG E1 control group included 150 case were given placebo

Conclusion: we found one positive cases for TTN in study group, and 3 positive cases for TTN in the control group results we got were insignificant. So, we suggested taking larger sample in the future studies

Women health promotion by improving cancer breast identification of risk factors

The objective of the study was to assess women attended to gynaecology, breast clinic, and mammogram unit at Ain Shams University Hospitals to assess the risk factors for detection of breast cancer. The total sample was 470 selected randomly Egyptian women attended the clinics from 15 September 2003 to 15 February 2004 for 6 months. The authors provided them counseling guidelines about steps of health promotion for those women. The mean age X = 35.3 years old with standard deviation [S.D.] +/- 7.1. Most of risk factors appeared in between the diagnosed cases group as 13.3% of cases have early menarche, obesity, positive family history and never lactating, while 26.5% suffered obesity from class II to III and 46.7% of the diagnosed cases were using hormonal contraceptive more than 10 years. The present study recommended guidelines for improving women health through lowering the incidence of cancer breast, decreasing its morbidity and mortality by eliminating risk factors if possible, improving early detection and management. Continued efforts are needed to increase the availability of high-quality mammography and treatment to all segments of the population. Adopting more conserving policies in treating early cancer breast will encourage the population to detect cancer breast earlier

Inferior vena caval filter versus traditional treatment in deep vein thrombosis with pulmonary embolism

In an attempt to select the most appropriate treatment modality in patients with deep vein thrombosis [DVT] complicated by pulmonary embolism [PE], 90 patients with DVT and PE were divided into three groups. Group I included 30 patients [12 males and 18 females; with average age of 51.8 +/- 4.2 years] who underwent full heparinisation with maintenance on oral anticoagulants after stabilization of the condition for a period of at least three months. Group II included 30 patients [14 males and 16 females; with average age of 47.5 +/- 8.4] who underwent thrombolytic therapy using streptokinase and followed by heparinisation. Group III included 30 patients [10 males and 20 females; with average age of 53.3 +/- 5.3 years] who underwent primary Greenfield [GF] inferior vena caval [IVC] filter insertion. The filters were inserted through a trans-jugular or a trans-femoral route under general anesthesia [GA] in 18 patients and local anesthesia in 12 patients. The overall mortality showed statistically significant decrease between patients to whom IVC filters were inserted in comparison to the other two groups. The overall hospital study, ICU stay and incidence of bleeding was significantly less in group III. The incidence of hematoma was higher in group III as expected with this invasive technique. To sum up, 1ry IVC filters insertion is a superior technique for management of DVT with established or high risk of PE provided there is an experienced team with the proper equipment to manage these critical cases