Résumé
Background: Cervical cancer is one of the important reasons of mortality among females. Prevention, early diagnosis and immediate treatment can affect the rate of mortality in this cancer and several epidemiological studies have shown a strong relationship between human papilloma viruses [HPVs] and cervical cancer
Objectives: The present study was conducted to survey HPV infections in a women population with cervical cancer and cervical dysplasia/metaplasia in southwest of Iran
Materials and Methods: 72 paraffin-embedded cervical biopsies which had been previously archived from women with cervical cancer and cervical dysplasia were examined by polymerase chain reaction [PCR]. Afterward, the detected HPV strains were typed by restriction fragment length polymorphism [RFLP] analysis of PCR amplicons
Results: 60 out of 72 samples had necessary requirements and HPV DNA was detected in 43.3% of these samples. Most HPV positive samples belonged to women aged from 48 to 63 years. On the other hand, HPV infection among patients with squamous cell carcinoma [SCC] was 48.78% and in women with dysplasia/metaplasia was 26.66%. The most prevalent type of the human papilloma virus was HPV16 [100%]
Conclusions: Knowing the most prevalent type of the human papilloma viruses circulating in the population [HPV16] can be applied in the future screening and managing programs of this major disease and also in vaccination against the prevalent types of the virus. Meanwhile, it seems that more studies should be performed to determine the role of different risk factors involved in development of the disease, especially those related with social behaviors and traditions with respect to different areas
Résumé
With regard to the rapid emerging antibiotic resistance bacteria, plants as one of the most common natural sources of antimicrobial agents can be used as alternative for treatment of infectious diseases. This study was designed to investigate antibacterial activity of Mentha pulegium L. [Lamiaceae family]. In this experimental study, the antibacterial effect of 4, 8, 16 and 24 mg/disc of alcoholic extracts were assessed using standard disc diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] and minimum bactericidal concentration [MBC] were also determined. Furthermore, the structural changes following to the exposure with these extracts were also investigated in test bacteria. Both extracts of this plant showed considerable antibacterial activity against some Gram positive [Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus] and also Gram negative [Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus mirabilis] bacteria. All of the tested bacteria were resistant to nafcillin. The maximum effects was observed in the case of both ethanolic and methanolic extracts in all concentrations on P. mirabilis [25 mm] and the lowest effect was on P. aeruginosa. MIC and MBC values of both extracts against S. aureus were equal [MIC=MBC=8 mg/mL] and P. mirabilis were MIC=4 mg/mL and MBC=8 mg/mL. The SEM analysis revealed deformation and cell wall disruption of affected bacteria. Based on these results it can be suggested that M. pulegium L. is an effective antibacterial plant that can be used as a new source for antibiotic discovery against bacterial pathogens especially food poisoning pathogens such as S. aureus, B. cereus and also for treatment of P. mirabilis infection
Résumé
Chlamydia trachomatis [C. trachomatis] is the most prevalent cause of bacterial sexually transmitted infections [STI] recognized throughout the world. The aim of this study is to determine different genotypes of genital C. trachomatis and the association between the serological markers of inflammation and genotypes of C. trachomatis in sexually active women [n=80] attending Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Isfahan, Iran. In this descriptive study, endocervical swabs were collected from 80 women. There were 17 endocervical samples that showed positivity for C. trachomatis by plasmid polymerase chain reaction [PCR] using KL1 and KL2 primers. The omp1 gene was directly amplified in 17 plasmid PCR positive samples and was used to differentiate the clinical genotypes by omp1 gene PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism [PCR-RFLP]. The levels of IgG and IgA specific to C. trachmatis and C-reactive protein [CRP] were evaluated. Based on restriction-digestion patterns, four genotypes were identified. Genotypes E [35.3%] and F [35.3%] were the most prevalent, followed by D/Da [23.5%] and K [5.9%]. There was no significant association between genotypes and the presence of IgG and CRP. Patients infected with genotype E showed a serological marker of chronic inflammation, i.e. IgA seropositivity, significantly more than patients infected with other genotypes [p=0.042]. Nested PCR could increase the sensitivity of omp1 amplification. Based on the presence of IgA, chronic C. trachomatis infections were observed more frequently among genotype E-infected patients in our population