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【Objective】 To investigate the anemia status of infants and toddlers aged 6 - 24 months in Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture, Gansu Province, and to comprehensively evaluate the differences in feeding behaviors between anaemic and normal children through the infant and child feeding index (ICFI) and feeding knowledge scores, so as to provide reference for the guidance of infants and young children feeding in ethnic minority areas and the promotion of children′s growth and development. 【Methods】 Taking infants and young children aged 6 - 24 months in Linxia Prefecture as the study subjects, a multi-stage random sampling method was used to select children who met the requirements from 5 townships and 5 villages in 7 counties in 2019 and 2020.Periphral blood samples were collected to test the level of hemoglobin, so as to determine the anemia status.Meanwhile, physical examination was performed and a questionnaire survey of guardians was conducted to analyze the association betweenanaemia and feeding patterns 【Results】 A total of 3 901 infants and children were included in this study, of whom 729 (18.70%) were anaemic, with a mean ICFI score of 12.56±2.70 and a mean feeding knowledge score of 1.97±1.01.There was no statistically significant association of low feeding knowledge score and low ICFI with anaemia after adjusting for confounders (P>0.05), Unqualified meat addition in ICFI was a risk factor for anaemia (OR=1.355, P=0.042), while non-bottle feeding in the past 24 hours (OR=0.762, P=0.021), and breastfeeding in the past 24 hours of infants and toddlers aged 12 - 24 months (OR=0.228, P=0.018) were protective factor for anemia in infants and toddlers aged 12 - 24 months. 【Conclusions】 The average prevalence of anemia in infants and toddlers aged 6 - 24 months in Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture of Gansu Province is high, but the level of infant feeding and the level of feeding knowledge of caregivers are low.Early adherence to breastfeeding, timely addition of supplementary food, and more comsumpution of meat for children are conducive to preventing anemia.
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OBJECTIVE To observe the efficacy and safety of goserelin combined with estradiol valerate in the treatment of endometriosis (EMs) in patients of childbearing age after laparoscopic surgery. METHODS The clinical data of 144 patients with EMs of childbearing age who underwent laparoscopic surgery in our hospital from January 2020 to December 2022 were collected retrospectively, and those patients were divided into control group (70 cases) and combination group (74 cases) based on different postoperative medication regimens. Control group was given Acetate goserelin sustained-release implant on the 1st to 5th day of their first menstrual cycle after laparoscopic surgery, while combination group was additionally given Estradiol valerate tablets on the basis of control group. The short-term and long-term efficacy of 2 groups were observed; preoperative and postoperative pain scores, ovarian reserve function, and the incidence of adverse reactions were all recorded in 2 groups. RESULTS There was no statistically significant difference in short-term total effective rate, 1-year postoperative recurrence rate and the incidence of decreased libido, vaginal dryness, gastrointestinal reactions, rash, or arrhythmia between two groups (P>0.05). The natural pregnancy rate of combination group was significantly higher than control group at 1 year after surgery, while the incidence E-mail:wanghuiling0518@126.com of early miscarriage, hot flashes and sweating, emotional fluctuations, insomnia and fatigue, joint muscle pain, dizziness and headache were significantly lower than control group (P<0.05). However, at 6 months after surgery, pain scores and the levels of anti-Müllerian hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estradiol of both groups were significantly lower than before surgery in the same group, while the number of antral follicle count was significantly higher than before surgery in the same group; the levels of anti-Müllerian hormone, luteinizing hormone, estradiol, and the number of antral follicles in the combination group were significantly higher than control group, while pain score and follicle stimulating hormone level were significantly lower than control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The combination of goserelin and estradiol valerate after laparoscopic surgery has a significant therapeutic effect and good safety in the treatment of EMs of childbearing age.
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Objective:To search, evaluate and summarize the best evidence summary of perioperative accelerated rehabilitation nursing for patients undergoing hip and knee arthroplasty, so as to provide reference for clinical perioperative nursing.Methods:Evidence-based nursing methods were used to search for relevant databases such as BMJ Best Practice, UpToDate, PubMed, CINAHL, and CNKI, etc.. The search period was from December 2010 to December 2022. Four researchers independently evaluated the quality of the guidelines, and two researchers independently evaluated the quality of expert consensus and system evaluation. Finally, the included literature was summarized.Results:A total of 12 pieces of literature, 3 guidelines, 5 expert consensus and 4 systematic reviews were included. From 13 aspects of preoperative education, preoperative optimization, anesthesia management, perioperative blood management, perioperative pain management, perioperative fluid management, perioperative temperature protection, infection prevention, thrombus prevention, postoperative nausea and vomiting, postoperative drainage, functional exercise, and perioperative rehabilitation promotion, 35 pieces of the best evidence for hip and knee replacement patients to accelerate rehabilitation nursing in the perioperative period was summarized.Conclusions:This study summarizes the best evidence of accelerated rehabilitation nursing in the perioperative period of hip and knee arthroplasty, aiming to build and standardize the accelerated rehabilitation nursing scheme in the perioperative period of hip and knee arthroplasty, so as to provide reference for clinical perioperative nursing.
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Objective:To explore the influencing factors of residual thyroid clearance with 131I after surgery in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 100 DTC patients admitted to the Hunan Provincial People′s Hospital from January 2018 to February 2021 who underwent 131I treatment for the first time. The success rates of first thyroidectomy using different doses of 131I, different pathological types, and different treatment times were compared, and logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate the influencing factors of the efficacy of first postoperative 131I thyroidectomy in DTC patients. Results:A total of 54 patients successfully cleared residual thyroid, 46 patients failed to clear residual thyroid, and the success rate of clearing residual thyroid was 54%. The success rates of first clearance of residual thyroid in patients with 131I doses of 80 mCi, 90 mCi, and 100 mCi were 37.50%(12/32), 52.78%(19/36), and 71.88%(23/32), respectively, with statistically significant differences among the groups ( P<0.05); The success rates of first removal of residual thyroid in patients with follicular carcinoma, mixed papillary follicular carcinoma, and papillary carcinoma were 65.71%(23/35), 39.13%(9/23), and 52.38%(22/42), respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups ( P>0.05); The success rates of first removal of residual thyroid in the group1 of patients (treatment time<3 months), the group2 of patients (treatment time 3-12 months), and the group3 of patients (treatment time>12 months) were 68.09%(32/47), 44.44%(16/36), and 35.30%(6/17), respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups ( P>0.05); There was no statistically significant difference in the success rate of clearing residual thyroid in DTC patients of different genders, ages, pathological stages, and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels (all P>0.05); The difference in the success rate of clearing residual thyroid in DTC patients with different metastatic conditions and stimulating thyroid globulin (sTg) was statistically significant (all P<0.05); sTg, postoperative lymph node metastasis, and postoperative distant metastasis were independent risk factors for the efficacy of residual thyroid clearance in DTC patients for the first time after surgery (all P<0.05). Conclusions:The influencing factors for the efficacy of the first 131I in removing residual thyroid include differences in 131I dosage, presence or absence of metastatic lesions during treatment, Tg levels, etc. Reducing Tg levels is an important factor in improving remission rate, and controlling lymph nodes and distant metastasis is a key factor for the successful efficacy of the first 131I in removing residual thyroid.
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OBJECTIVE To analyze the patterns and characteristics of drug-related administrative penalty cases with medical institutions as parties from 2020 to 2022 in order to further improve drug management in medical institutions. METHODS A retrospective statistical analysis was used to summarize the drug-related administrative penalty decisions with medical institutions as parties, and to match them with the provisions of the Drug Administration Law (2019 version) for statistical analysis. RESULTS There were 144 complete administrative penalty decisions with medical institutions as parties. Analyzed by cause, 126 cases of administrative punishment for inferior drugs accounted for 87.50%, of which expired drugs accounted for more than 50.00% of the inferior drug cases; 15 cases (10.42%) were for purchasing drugs from enterprises or individuals not qualified to operate drugs. Analyzed by the range of punishment amount of the cases, 34 cases (23.61%) resulted in lighter penalties, while 81 cases (56.25%) resulted in reduced penalties. CONCLUSIONS There are extremely few medical institutions that have received administrative penalties for drug management violations. Medical institutions should strengthen the awareness of law-abiding, and know the red line of drug management and the illegal behavior that is easy to occur, so as to better strengthen drug quality management.
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This paper aims to present a review of the research progress on the roles of mitochondrial dysfunction and microglia-mediated inflammation in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Schizophrenia is a serious psychiatric disorder in which the immuno-inflammatory pathway is considered to be one of the main pathogenic mechanisms of disease, and manifested by microglia activation and elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines in the brain. However, the biological mechanism underlying immune disorder in schizophrenia has not been fully elucidated. In recent years, accumulating evidence has indicated that mitochondrial dysfunction may play a key role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Therefore, this article reviews the research progress on the roles of mitochondrial days function and microglia-mediated inflammation in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, so as to inform the study of the pathogenesis of schizophrenia.
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ObjectiveTo explore the possible mechanism of Tongdu Xingshen needling method (通督醒神针刺法) on post-stroke cognitive impairment. MethodsSD rats were randomly divided into a normal group (n=12), a sham surgery group (n=12), a model group (n=12), and a electroacupuncture group (n=13). The rats in the model group and electroacupuncture group were subjected to the wire bolus method to establish the rats model with learning memory impairment after cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion. After successful modelling, the rats in the electroacupuncture group were given electroacupuncture interventions at “Shenting (GV 24)” and “Baihui (GV 20)” once a day for 30 minutes for 14 days. The other three groups did not receive other interventions but grasp. A 5-day localisation navigation experiment was conducted on the 9th day of intervention, and a spatial exploration experiment was conducted on the 14th day of intervention to evaluate the learning and memory abilities of the rats. After the spatial exploration experiment, hippocampal tissues were taken from each group of rats, and the changes in the volume of cerebral infarction were observed by TTC staining; the changes in the morphology of pyramidal neurons and the density of dendritic spines in the CA1 area of the hippocampus were observed by Golgi staining; protein immunoblotting was used to detect the relative protein expression of the subunits of the α-amino-3-carboxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid (AMPA) receptor including glutamate receptor 1 (GluR1), glutamate receptor 2 (GluR2), glutamate receptor 3 (GluR3) and auxiliary proteins TARPγ2, TARPγ8 in hippocampal tissues of rats in each group; the real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect GluR1, GluR2, GluR3 mRNA levels in the hippocampal tissues of rats. ResultsIn the localisation navigation experiment, compared with the normal group and sham surgery group, the escape latency and total distance of rats in the model group were significantly extended (P<0.05) at day 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5; and the escape latency and total distance of rats in the electroacupuncture group tended to be significantly shorter than those in the model group (P<0.05). In the spatial exploration experiment, compared with the normal group and the sham surgery group, the number of rats crossing the platform in the model group was significantly reduced (P<0.05), and the number of crossings of the platform in the electroacupuncture group increased significantly (P<0.05). The results of TTC staining showed that the volume of cerebral infarction increased clearly in the model group compared with the sham surgery group (P<0.05), and apparently decreased in the electroacupuncture group compared with the model group (P<0.05). Golgi staining showed that the number of dendritic branches of pyramidal neurons and dendritic spines in hippocampal CA1 region significantly decreased in the model group compared with the normal group and the sham surgery group (P<0.05). The number of dendritic branches of pyramidal neurons and the density of dendritic spines in hippocampal CA1 region significantly increased in the electroacupuncture group compared with the model group (P<0.05). The protein relative expression levels of GluR1, GluR2, GluR3, TARPγ2 and TARPγ8, and the mRNA levels of GluR1, GluR2 and GluR3 in hippocampus decreased in the model group compared with the normal group and the sham surgery group (P<0.05). The protein relative expression levels of GluR1, GluR2, GluR3, TARPγ2 and TARPγ8, and the mRNA levels of GluR1, GluR2 and GluR3 in hippocampus increased in the electroacupuncture group compared with model group (P<0.05). ConclusionThe Tongdu Xingshen needling method can improve learning memory impairment after cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion, which may be related to up-regulation of the expression of AMPA receptor and their auxiliary protein TARP, and promoting the synaptic plasticity of hippocampal tissues.
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Objective@#To investigate the health-seeking intention for urinary incontinence among adult women in Gansu Province, so as to provide insights into the management of female urinary incontinence.@*Methods @#Women at ages of 20 years and older who lived in 8 communities and 8 villages of Gansu Province for at least one year were recruited using the multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method. A face-to-face questionnaire survey was conducted from October 2019 to February 2020, and the demographic features, urinary incontinence status and health-seeking intention were collected and descriptively analyzed.@*Results@#A total of 3 580 questionnaires were allocated and 3 485 were recovered, with a recovery rate of 97.35%. The respondents had a mean age of ( 51.18±17.13 ) years, with 1 759 respondents ( 50.47% ) that lived in urban areas, and 1 726 ( 49.53% ) that lived in rural areas. There were 1 150 respondents with self-reported urinary incontinence ( 33.00% prevalence ), including 340 cases with stress urinary incontinence ( 29.57% ), 78 cases with urge urinary incontinence ( 6.78% ) and 732 cases with mixed urinary incontinence ( 63.65% ). The overall proportion of health-seeking intention for urinary incontinence was 41.57%, and the proportions of health-seeking intention were 51.76%, 39.74% and 37.02% for stress, urge and mixed urinary incontinence, respectively. The proportion of health-seeking intention for urinary incontinence appeared a tendency towards a decline with the increase in household monthly income per capita and frequency of urinary leakage, and appeared a tendency towards a rise with the increase in educational levels ( P<0.05 ). In addition, a higher proportion of health-seeking intention for urinary incontinence was seen in women living in urban areas than in rural areas (5 3.63% vs. 31.98%, P<0.05 ), and a higher proportion was found in women with mental labors than in those with physical labors ( 60.81% vs. 40.24%, P<0.05 ), while a higher proportion was found in married women than in divorced or widowed women ( 44.33% vs. 23.53%, P<0.05 ).@*Conclusions@#There is a low proportion of health-seeking intention for urinary incontinence among adult women in Gansu Province. Age, occupation, place of residence, educational level, income, marital status, and frequency of urine leakage may affect the intention to seek medical care for urinary incontinence among adult women.
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Aims@#This study was aimed to evaluate the potential of several carriers to formulate the phages and retain their activity under various pH and temperature conditions.@*Methodology and results@#The skim milk, rice flour, corn flour and CalnuXan (calcium and magnesium) as carriers to formulate the isolated phage to maintain its activity under extreme pH and temperature conditions. Two phages formulated with carriers retained their viability at pH 5, pH 7 and pH 9 compared to that of the unformulated phages. Besides, the formulated phages also retained a high titre compared to the unformulated phages when they were exposed to 37 °C and 45 °C. Based on the in vitro study of the formulation, it was applied in the glass house. The plant height, leaf chlorophyll and disease scoring were recorded and analyzed. In the glass house, the rice plant treated with formulated phages showed higher plant height and chlorophyll content than those treated with unformulated or untreated phages. Nonetheless, both formulated and unformulated protected the rice plant, which showed lower disease severity than the untreated group.@*Conclusion, significance and impact of study@#Phage therapy has been used for treating plant diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria. Despite their effectiveness in killing the pathogen in vitro, the results were not reproducible in the field. Bacteriophages (phages) are sensitive to environmental factors and infection efficiency was dropped when exposed to harmful environments. However, this study successfully formulated two novels Xanthomonas phages, as biocontrol agents against bacterial leaf blight (BLB) disease in rice.
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Xanthomonas , BactériophagesRésumé
Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of combining neuromuscular joint facilitation (NJF) with floating needle treatment in treating stroke survivors with painful shoulder subluxation.Methods:Thirty-nine stroke survivors with painful shoulder subluxation were randomly divided into an NJF group, a floating needle group and a combination group, each of 13. In addition to the basic treatment for shoulder subluxation and pain (including positioning, physiotherapy, active and passive motor function training, progressive training of the upper limbs, and using shoulder pads to protect the affected shoulders when standing or walking), the 3 groups were also given NJF, floating needle therapy or both as their group names imply six days per week for 4 weeks. Shoulder subluxation was evaluated using ultrasonography to measure the acromion-greater tuberosity distance (AGT). Pain was self-reported using a visual analogue scale. And the Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA) was applied to quantify the treatments′ efficacy.Results:Before the treatment, no significant differences were found among the 3 groups in terms of their average AGTs, pain ratings or FMA scores. Afterward, significant improvement was observed in all of the measurements in all 3 groups, with the combination group′s average results significantly better than those of the other two. The combination group′s overall effectiveness was 85%, significantly better than that of NJF group (54%) and the floating needle group (62%).Conclusions:Floating needle treatment combined with NJF and routine rehabilitation can significantly improve motor functioning and relieve the pain of shoulder subluxation after a stroke.
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The purpose of this article is to analyze the effectiveness of dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) in adolescent non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) behavioral therapy, in order to provide a reference for the intervention of NSSI behavior in adolescents in China. NSSI behavior is a common mental health threat for adolescents. In recent years, it has become a mental health problem that cannot be ignored worldwide. At present, psychotherapy is mainly used for NSSI behavior. Increasing evidence shows that DBT is effective in reducing NSSI behavior. This article summarizes the effectiveness of DBT in the treatment of NSSI behavior by describing the risk factors of NSSI behavior, an overview of DBT and the efficacy of DBT in the application of NSSI.
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OBJECTIVE:To compare the similarities and differences of antiepileptic drugs between 2019 edition of WHO Model List of Essential Medicines for Children (called“WHO-EMLc”for short )and 2018 edition of the National Essential Medicines List (called“NEML”for short ),and to provide reference for the improvement of national essential medicines list and formulation of essential medicines list for children. METHODS :By means of descriptive analysis ,the differences in the varieties , dosage forms ,specifications and marker symbols of antiepileptic drugs were compared between WHO-EMLc and NEML. The marketing status of antiepileptic drugs included in WHO-EMLc and NEML were analyzed statistically. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:There were 9 kinds of antiepileptic drugs included in WHO-EMLc ,all of which were under the category of anticonvulsant/antiepileptic drugs. There were 6 kinds of antiepileptic drugs in NEML of China ,and the other three kinds of drugs included in WHO-EMLc were included in the category of psychotherapy drugs in NEML. Eight kinds of antiepileptic 126 drugs were shared by NEML and WHO-EMLc , namely 109614043@qq.com carbamazepine, valproic acid , phenytoin sodium , pheno- barbital,lamotrigine,diazepam,lorazepam and midazolam. The special antiepileptic drug in NEML was ocazepine ,and edu.cn the special antiepileptic drug in WHO-EMLC was ethylsu c- cinate. Oral dosage forms involved in WHO-EMLc included oral solution ,ordinary tablet,enteric-coated tablet ,dispersed tablet , etc.,while oral dosage forms involved in NEML included ordinary tablet ,dispersed tablet and oral solution. In terms of dosage form of a single drug ,the drug specifications in WHO-EMLc were more comprehensive than those in NEML. In WHO-EMLc , lorazepam was labeled with “□”,indicating that it was more effective and safe in similar drugs . Lamotrigine ,midazolam injection and phenytoin (25 mg∶5 mL and 30 mg∶5 mL)were labeled with “*”,indicating that there were special precautions for the drug or dosage form and specification. In NEML ,diazepam was marked with “*”,and diazepam injection was marked with “△”, indicating that diazepam appeared repeatedly under different classifications ;diazepam injection should be used under the guidance of doctors with corresponding prescription qualifications or under the guidance of specialists ,and the use monitoring and efficacy evaluation should be strengthened. In addition ,most of the antiepileptic drugs included in WHO-EMLc had been marketed in China,but the dosage forms on the market were relatively simple ,which could not meet the drug demand of children. Our country could learn from WHO-EMLc selection method to further improve the national essential medicine list ,formulate essential medicine list for children which was suitable for Chinese national conditionsas soon as possible on the basis of disease spectrum and drug clinical comprehensive evaluation. At the same time ,the government should also encourage the development and production of children’s medicines to ensure that children fairly access to drugs.
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The National Institutes of Health(NIH)launched the American Clinical and Translational Science fund program in 2006. Since then both NIH and its clinical and translational science centers made useful experiments in community engagement with initial success. By means of literature review, the authors searched the projects and policies for community cooperation in websites of NIH and the American Clinical and Translational Science Center. They also searched PubMed to look for literatures about the American Clinical and Translational Science Center and community engagement. The study found that community engagement is gradually increasing in clinical and translational science; the cooperation is found over the entire process of research projects, which proves conducive to the development of research; advocating community health service can improve not only community health, but also public health and medical services at the same time.
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At the end of 2019, the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) broke out in Wuhan and has spread throughout the world, bringing great challengees to the public health, prevention, and control work in our country and globally.Although the national medical staff and Public Health Epidemic Prevention personnel are fighting the epidemic, the large numbers of patients and the long-term isolation measures greatly impacted people's lifestyles.The epidemic's development has currently been eased, but the blockades and quarantines in many cities have not been completely lifted.While controlling the coronavirus, lifestyle changes caused by long-term isolation, as well as fear of the disease and economic recession have brought people various negative emotions.These mental health issues may cause or aggravate the occurrence and development of dry eye.Therefore, the authors explore the impact of mental health on dry eye during the COVID-19 epidemic, alongside possible mechanisms, and put forward relevant suggestions for managing eye-related diseases during and after the epidemic.
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Objective:To study the alterations of autonomic nervous function in patients with major depression disorder, and to observe the relationship of their gastric electrical activity with the duration of depression, its severity and gastrointestinal symptoms.Methods:Electrogastrography (EGG) was performed before and after a test meal ingestion in 38 depressive patients and 38 healthy control subjects.The severity of depression was evaluated through Hamilton depression scale(HAMD-21) and Beck depression inventory(BDI). Autonomic symptoms were recorded by autonomic nervous symptom-score(ANS-score).Results:The amount of tachygastria in patients with depression before and after test meal were (24.99±1.73)%, (23.66±1.86)% respectively, the amount of tachygastria in healthy controls before and after test meal were(19.80±1.65)%, (15.48±1.50)% respectively.There was a significant group effect ( F(1, 148)=15.6, P=0.0001)) between the two groups.The amount of tachygastria between the two groups before and after test meal were significant different (before test meal P=0.033, after test meal P=0.001). The main power in patients with depression before and after test meal were(21.20±2.71)dB, (20.90±2.66)dB respectively, the main power in healthy controls before and after test meal were(26.45±2.62)dB, (28.94±2.68)dB respectively.There was a significant group effect ( F(1, 148)=6.203, P=0.014) between the two groups.The main power between the two groups after test meal were significant different( P=0.037). The percentage of arrythmia after test meal in patients with gastrointestinal symptoms(5.17±0.56)% was higher than the patients without gastrointestinal symptoms(3.19±0.46)%, the differences were statistically significant( P=0.011). And there was a significant difference ( P=0.029)of the instability coefficient of main power after test meal between the patients with gastrointestinal symptoms (0.44±0.06) and the patients without gastrointestinal symptoms (0.27±0.05). Besides, there was a significant positive correlation between duration of depression and percentage of postprandial tachycardia( r=0.491, P=0.002). Conclusion:Patients with depression have autonomic nerve dysfunction and abnormal gastric motility, which is related to the duration of the disease and whether the patients are accompanied by gastrointestinal symptoms.Electrogastrography can also be used as an index to measure autonomic nervous function in patients with depression.
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Abstract Background Mental health disorders are common in China. There is a lack of knowledge and resources of mental health in China. Objectives To assess the levels of psychiatric resources and services in general hospitals in China. Methods Data regarding psychiatric departments, wards and staff were collected from 57 general hospitals in four provinces of China (Hubei, Zhejiang, Heilongjiang and Yunnan) between April 2014 and June 2014. Questionnaires were distributed to 1,200 non-psychiatric clinicians. Results Among the 57 hospitals, 50 provided mental health services, 36 had mental health wards, and seven had neither mental health clinics nor wards. The median number of mental health clinicians was six per hospital. The median number of specialized nurses was 42 per hospital. A total of 1,152 non-psychiatric clinicians with a career duration of 9.4 ± 8.9 years returned completed questionnaires. Only 6.9% reported a good understanding of the manifestation of anxiety and depressive disorders, 4.5% reported a good understanding of the diagnostic criteria, and 3.8% reported a good understanding of the treatment protocols. Discussion There is inadequate awareness of anxiety and depressive disorders among non-psychiatric clinicians in general hospitals in China. This awareness/understanding increased with increasing hospital level.
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Humains , Hôpitaux généraux , Troubles mentaux , Services de santé mentale/ressources et distribution , Troubles anxieux , Chine , Connaissances, attitudes et pratiques en santé , Santé mentale/enseignement et éducation , Études transversales , Personnel de santé/enseignement et éducation , Trouble dépressif , Ressources en santé/ressources et distributionRésumé
The clinical data of 96 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) treated in Department of endocrinology of our hospital from January 2016 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients had been treated with metformin ≥1 000 mg combined with sulfonylureas for>12 weeks and their glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was>7.5%. On the basis of the original scheme, 57 patients received oral sitagliptin (100 mg q.d, sitagliptin group) and 39 patients received insulin glargine injection (insulin group) for 26 weeks. The blood lipid, liver and kidney function were examined before and after treatment. The abdominal visceral fat area (VFA) was measured by CT scan. Results showed that the fasting plasma glucose (FPG) , 2-hour postprandial blood glucose (2 hPG) and HbA1c were significantly lower than baseline levels in both groups(P<0.05). The decrease of VFA in sitagliptin and insulin groups was by 9.6 (1.4,19.6)cm2 and by 8.3(-2.2,26.8) cm2, respectively; there was significant difference in variation of VFA before and after treatment between the two groups (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in blood pressure, liver function (ALT, AST) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) before and after treatment in the sitagliptin group (P>0.05). Additional sitagliptin administration can effectively and safely reduce HbA1c and decrease the abdominal visceral fat content in T2DM patients who failed to metformin and sulfonylureas combined therapy.
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Objective@#To evaluate the running status of Qinghai provincial measles laboratory network during 2012—2017.@*Methods@#To analyze serological and virological surveillance database developed in Qinghai provincial measles laboratory network in 2012—2017, and evaluate the indicators for the running status of measles laboratory network in Qinghai Province.@*Results@#It was shown that 5 763 suspected measles cases were reported in Qinghai Province during 2012—2017, and 4 167 serum samples were collected from suspected measles cases, the collection rate is 72.31%; among them, 3 697 were IgM positive for measles and the positive rate was 88.72%; 68 were IgM positive for rubella and the positive rate was 1.63%. And 515 throat swab specimens were collected from suspected measles cases, 82 measles virus isolates were obtained and the positive rate was 15.92%. The result of sequencing and analysis showed that all the measles viruses belonged to genotype H1 and subgenotype H1a, which were predominant genotype circulated in China in recent years. In addition, Qinghai provincial measles network labs passed all the serological confirmatory test and proficiency test, and on-site review held by national or provincial measles laboratory and WHO during 2012—2017, respectively.@*Conclusions@#Qinghai provincial measles laboratory network has been established and running well. It provided important scientific basis for measles elimination in Qinghai province.
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Objective To investigate phenylalanine hydroxylase ( PA H ) gene mutations and to perform prenatal diagnosis in 55 pedigrees with classical phenylketonuria (PKU). Methods Subjects of this study were 55 probands diagnosed with PKU in the Gansu Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital from 2013 to 2017 and their pedigrees. Sanger sequencing/Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) was used to investigate PA H gene mutations in these probands and their parents. Sanger sequencing/MLPA, linkage analysis of three common short tandem repeats (STR) including PAH-26, PAH-STR and PAH-32 in the PA H gene and paternity testing were used in combination for prenatal diagnosis of 60 fetuses in the 55 pedigrees. Results Among the 110 alleles in the 55 probands, 108 mutant alleles (98.2%) were found by Sanger sequencing. The 108 mutant alleles located in 38 regions resulting in 22 missense mutations, nine splice site mutations, five nonsense mutations and two microdeletion. The most common mutations were c.728G>A (22.2%, 24/108), c.442-1G>A (5.6%, 6/108), c.611A>G (5.6%, 6/108), c.764T>C (5.6%, 6/108), c.1068C>A (5.6%, 6/108) and c.331C>T (4.6%, 5/108). Loss of heterozygosity in 4-5 and 4-7 exons were detected by MLPA in two probands, in which only one mutation was unidentified. Prenatal diagnosis for the 60 fetuses were successfully performed. Among them, 17 fetuses (28.3%) were affected, 29 fetuses (48.3%) were heterozygous carriers and fetuses 14(23.4%) were unaffected ones. Conclusions Combination of Sanger sequencing/MLPA, linkage analysis and paternity testing could provide accurate prenatal diagnosis in pedigrees with PKU.
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Objective To explore the effect of modified meridian breathing training on the lung function of acute stroke patients. Methods Sixty acute stroke patients were randomly divided into an intervention group and a control group, each of 30. In addition to the conventional neurological treatment, the control group received routine breathing training, while the intervention group was given modified meridian breathing training by professional reha-bilitation therapists once a day for 4 weeks. Forced vital capacity ( FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second ( FEV1) , as well as the rate of pulmonary infection were assessed before and after the treatment. Results After 4 weeks of treatment, a significant increase was observed in the average FEV1 and FVC of both groups, but the im-provement in the intervention group was significantly greater than in the control group. There were 3 lung infections ( 10%) in the intervention group, which was significantly lower than the 7 cases ( 23. 3%) in the control group. Conclusion Modified meridian breathing training can improve the lung function of acute stroke patients and reduce the incidence of lung infection.