Online Gambling Patterns and Predictors of Problem Gambling Among Korean Adolescents During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-sectional Study

Purpose@#This study examined online gambling patterns among Korean adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic and identified predictors of problem gambling based on a socio-ecological model. @*Methods@#It used nationally representative data from the 2020 National Survey on Youth Gambling Problems conducted by the Korea Center on Gambling Problems. This study selected a sample of 780 adolescents aged 13–18 years who reported having gambled online at least once in the last three months from the raw data of respondents. They were classified as the non-problem group and problem group according to the Gambling Problems Severity Scale (GPSS) of the Canadian Adolescent Gambling Inventory (CAGI). The predictive factors of problem gambling were analyzed by logistic regression analysis. @*Results@#The prevalence of problem gambling was 24.6 %. Its predictors included intrapersonal [male (odds ratios, OR = 1.67); gambling prior to COVID-19 (OR = 2.08)] and interpersonal factors [frequent gamblers in peers (OR = 4.34); peer pressure (OR = 2.34)]. Social factors, such as gambling in online community (OR = 5.60), sports betting (OR = 53.24), and lotteries (OR = 17.03) were associated with problem gambling. @*Conclusions@#The major predictors of problem gambling among adolescent online gamblers included peer gambling and specific types of gambling. To prevent problem gambling, strategies targeting peer groups are essential. In addition, nurses need to share with families, schools, communities, and policymakers that online gambling, such as lotteries and sports betting, are high-risk of adolescent problem gambling, and recommend them to collaborate for stricter regulatory measures.

Effect of Direct Breastfeeding Program for Premature Infants in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

Purpose@#This study aimed to identify the effects of a direct breastfeeding program for premature infants in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). @*Methods@#This quasi-experimental study was conducted during August 2016 to April 2017. Sixty mothers of premature infants were assigned to the experimental (n = 31) or control groups (n = 29). The program was comprised of breastfeeding education and direct breastfeeding support. The experimental and control groups were provided with education and counseling on breastfeeding at the time of admission and discharge. In the experimental group, the mothers initiated oral feeding with direct breastfeeding and engaged in breastfeeding at least seven times during the NICU stay. The collected data were analyzed by the χ2 -test and repeated measures ANOVA using an SPSS program. @*Results@#The experimental group showed a higher direct breastfeeding practice rate (χ2 = 19.29, p < .001), breastfeeding continuation rate (χ2 = 3.76, p < .001), and self-efficacy (F = 25.37, p < .001) than the control group except for maternal attachment. @*Conclusion@#The direct breastfeeding program in the NICU has significant effects on the practice and continuation rate of breastfeeding and breastfeeding self-efficacy. Therefore, this program can be applied in the NICU settings where direct breastfeeding is limited.

Effect of Nurses' Incivility Experienced by Nursing Student, Coping on Burnout in Clinical Practice / 간호행정학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of nurse's incivility experienced by nursing students and coping against incivility on burnout in clinical practice. METHODS: A cross-sectional correlation study design was used. The subjects were 120 nursing student from four universities in Busan and Yangsan, South Korea. A self-report questionnaire was used to collect data on incivility, coping, and burnout. Finally total 117 nursing students' data was analyzed except 3 nursing students who had never experienced nurse's incivility for clinical practice. Data analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, independent t-test, ANOVA, and multiple regression. RESULTS: 97.5% of subjects (n=120) experienced incivility. Incivility was positively correlated with seeking social support coping, avoiding focused coping and burnout. Incivility and avoiding focused coping had a significant positive effect on burnout. The explained variance for burnout was 10.0% and avoiding focused coping was the most significant factor in burnout. CONCLUSION: Most of nursing students experience the nurses' incivility. Judging incivility as a difficult problem to solve, students use more avoiding focused coping strategy and burnout is increased. Therefore education is needed to improve the coping strategies at incivility. Additionally colleges and hospitals should establish the formal reporting system to handle the incivility.