Bibliometric analysis on research hotspots on HIV post-exposure prophylaxis related articles in the world, 2000-2017 / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To analyze and reveal the distribution, research hotspots and study trend of worldwide published articles correlated with HIV/AIDS post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP), and provide information for related studies in China. Methods: CiteSpace software 5.1 was used to visualize all related papers in the web of science database published during 2000-2017. Results: The average growth rate of international PEP-related papers was 10.78%,and number of published papers in 2016 was highest (n=34), relevant research hotspots have shifted from the prevention of occupational HIV exposure to the prevention of non-occupational HIV exposure in group at high risk, such as MSM, in recent years. Clustering analysis classified research hotspots into three categories, including risk reduction through enhanced intervention, current status of global HIV PEP and German-Austrian Recommendation. Conclusions: Non-occupational HIV PEP in groups at high-risk, especially MSM, has received increasing attention in recent years, the research of PEP mainly focus on improving the awareness and use of PEP in MSM and compliance in the course of medication. In the context of severe HIV epidemic in MSM without effective control in China, PEP should be strengthened to assess and explore the risk of HIV infection in MSM to provide reference for medical personnel and related departments to implement HIV non-occupation exposure blockade and formulate PEP medication.

Protection efficacy of multivalent egg yolk immunoglobulin against eimeria tenella infection in chickens

To control avian coccidiosis with drug-independent strategy effectively and safely, multivalent hyperimmune egg yolk immunoglobulin [IgY] was prepared and its ability to protect against Eimeria tenella infection was evaluated. Hens were orally immunized with live oocysts of 5 species of Eimeria for six times, antibody titers in serum and yolk were monitored by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The specific IgY was isolated, purified and lyophilized. IgY powder was orally administrated as dietary supplement in newly hatched chicks at various dosages. Birds were orally challenged with 10000 sporulated oo-cysts of E. tenella at 10 days of age, weighed and killed at 8 days post challenge, and the protective effect was assessed. The average yield of IgY was 9.2 mg/ml yolk, the antibody titer of IgY reached to 1:163840 per mg with the purity up to 98%. Chickens fed IgY resulted in reduced mortality, increased body weight gain [BWG], reduced oocyst shedding, reduced caecal lesion score and increased anti-coccidial index. In terms of BWG and caecal lesion, IgY significantly enhanced the resistance of bird at >/= 0.05% of IgY in the diet when compared with the challenged control group [P<0.05]. No significant difference was observed at dosage >/= 0.5% and 1.0% when BWG and caecal lesion were compared with the sodium salinomycin control group, respectively [P>0.05]. Supplementing newly hatched chicks with Eimeria-specific IgY represents a promising strategy to prevent avian coccidiosis