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1.
Biol. Res ; 48: 1-7, 2015. graf, tab
Article Dans Anglais | LILACS | ID: biblio-950775

Résumé

BACKGROUND: Cadmium (Cd) is well known as one of the most toxic metals affecting the environment and can severely restrict plant growth and development. In this study, Cd toxicities were studied in strawberry cv. Camarosa using pot experiment. Chlorophyll and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents, catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activities and mineral nutrient concentrations were investigated in both roots and leaves of strawberry plant after exposure Cd. RESULTS: Cd content in both roots and leaves was increased with the application of increasing concentrations of Cd. We found higher Cd concentration in roots rather than in leaves. Chlorophyll a and b was decreased in leaves but MDA significantly increased under increased Cd concentration treatments in both roots and leaves. SOD and CAT activities was also increased with the increase Cd concentrations. K, Mn and Mg concentrations were found higher in leaves than roots under Cd stress. In general, increased Cd treatments increased K, Mg, Fe, Ca, Cu and Zn concentration in both roots and leaves. Excessive Cd treatments reduced chlorophyll contents, increased antioxidant enzyme activities and changes in plant nutrition concentrations in both roots and leaves. CONCLUSION: The results presented in this work suggested that Cd treatments have negative effect on chlorophyll content and nearly decreased 30% of plant growth in strawberry. Strawberry roots accumulated higher Cd than leaves. We found that MDA and antioxidant enzyme (CAT, SOD and APX) contents may have considered a good indicator in determining Cd tolerance in strawberry plant.


Sujets)
Cadmium/toxicité , Chlorophylle/métabolisme , Micronutriments/métabolisme , Fragaria/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Antioxydants/métabolisme , Potassium/analyse , Superoxide dismutase/analyse , Extraits de plantes/composition chimique , Peroxydation lipidique/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Catalase/analyse , Chlorophylle/analyse , Racines de plante/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Racines de plante/composition chimique , Feuilles de plante/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Feuilles de plante/composition chimique , Fragaria/métabolisme , Ascorbate peroxidases/analyse , Chlorophylle A , Magnésium/analyse , Malonaldéhyde/analyse , Manganèse/analyse
2.
Biol. Res ; 48: 1-6, 2015. graf, tab
Article Dans Anglais | LILACS | ID: lil-734621

Résumé

BACKGROUND: The present study was conducted in order to evaluate the fatty acid profile, anti-oxidant and anti-bacterial activities from the microwave aqueous extract of the leaves of three different varieties of Labisia pumila Benth. RESULTS: The chemical analysis of the extract showed that fatty acids (palmitic, palmitoleic, stearic, oleic, linoleic and α-linolenic) acid as the main components in three varieties of L. pumila leaves. Furthermore, the obtained results of the anti-oxidant revealed that L. pumila var. alata contained higher anti-oxidative activities compared to var. pumila and var. lanceolata. However, these values were lower than the tested anti-oxidant standards. On the other hand, the aqueous leaf extracts in all three varieties of L. pumila were also found to inhibit a variable degree of antibacterial activities against eight bacteria (four Gram-positive and four Gram-negative bacteria). CONCLUSIONS: In this study, it was observed the leaves of three varieties of L. pumila exhibited variable patterns of fatty acids and the microwave aqueous extraction possess anti-oxidant and anti-bacterial activities.


Sujets)
Antibactériens/pharmacologie , Antioxydants/pharmacologie , Acides gras/analyse , Micro-ondes , Primulaceae/composition chimique , Extraits de plantes/composition chimique , Extraits de plantes/pharmacologie , Benzothiazoles/métabolisme , Tests d'agents antimicrobiens par diffusion à partir de disques , Flavonoïdes/analyse , Piégeurs de radicaux libres/analyse , Bactéries à Gram négatif/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Bactéries à Gram positif/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Primulaceae/classification , Monoxyde d'azote/métabolisme , Phénols/analyse , Feuilles de plante/composition chimique , Acides sulfoniques/métabolisme
3.
Biol. Res ; 47: 1-14, 2014. graf, tab
Article Dans Anglais | LILACS | ID: biblio-950719

Résumé

BACKGROUND: In recent years, the desire to adopt a healthy diet has drawn attention to legume seeds and food products derived from them. Mash bean is an important legume crop used in Pakistan however a systematic mapping of the chemical composition of mash bean seeds is lacking. Therefore seeds of four mash bean (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper, family Leguminoseae) cultivars (NARC-Mash-1, NARC-Mash-2, NARC-Mash-3, NARC-Mash-97) commonly consumed in Pakistan have been analyzed for their chemical composition, antioxidant potential and biological activities like inhibition of formation of advanced glycation end products (AGE) activity and tyrosinase inhibition activity. RESULTS: The investigated cultivars varied in terms of biochemical composition to various extents. Mineral composition indicated potassium and zinc in highest and lowest amounts respectively, in all cultivars. The amino acid profile in protein of these cultivars suggested cysteine is present in lowest quantity in all cultivars while fatty acid distribution pattern indicated unsaturated fatty acids as major fatty acids in all cultivars. All cultivars were found to be rich source of tocopherols and sterols. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) fingerprints of seed flour and extracts indicated major functional groups such as polysaccharides, lipids, amides, amines and amino acids. Results indicated that all investigated cultivars possessed appreciable antioxidant potential. CONCLUSIONS: All cultivars are rich source of protein and possess sufficient content of dietary fiber, a balanced amino acid profile, low saturated fatty acids and antioxidant capacity that rationalizes many traditional uses of seeds of this crop besides its nutritional importance. The collected data will be useful for academic and corporate researchers, nutritionists and clinical dieticians as well as consumers. If proper attention is paid, it may become an important export commodity and may fetch considerable foreign exchange for Pakistan.


Sujets)
Graines/composition chimique , Produits agricoles/composition chimique , Fabaceae/composition chimique , Pakistan , Phénols/analyse , Riboflavine/analyse , Graines/métabolisme , Stérols/analyse , Tanins/analyse , Thiamine/analyse , Oligoéléments/analyse , Flavonoïdes/analyse , Extraits de plantes/composition chimique , Piégeurs de radicaux libres , Monophenol monooxygenase/antagonistes et inhibiteurs , Produits terminaux de glycation avancée/métabolisme , Produits agricoles/métabolisme , Réducteurs/métabolisme , Cystéine/analyse , Tocophérols/analyse , Fabaceae/métabolisme , Acide nicotinique/analyse , Antioxydants/métabolisme , Valeur nutritive
4.
Rev. bras. farmacogn ; 23(6): 948-959, Nov-Dec/2013. tab, graf
Article Dans Anglais | LILACS | ID: lil-704264

Résumé

Verbascum thapsus L. [Khardhag or Common mullein], a member of the family Scrophulariaceae, is a famous herb that is found all over Europe, in temperate Asia, in North America and is well-reputed due to its medicinal properties. This medicinal herb contains various chemical constituents like saponins, iridoid and phenylethanoid glycosides, flavonoids, vitamin C and minerals. It is famous in various communities worldwide for the treatment of various disorders of both humans and animals aliments. A number of pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, antiviral, antihepatotoxic and anti-hyperlipidemic activity have been ascribed to this plant. The plant is used to treat tuberculosis also, earache and bronchitis. In the present paper botanical and ethnomedicinal description, pharmacological profile and phytochemistry of this herb is being discussed.

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