Résumé
PURPOSE: To study the efficacy and safety of 0.1% Trypan Blue dye to stain the anterior capsule for capsulorhexis in mature and hypermature cataracts. METHODS: This preliminary study included 25 eyes of 25 patients with a unilateral mature or hypermature cataract, including one case of traumatic mature cataract. In all these cases 0.2 ml of 0.1% trypan blue dye was used to stain the anterior capsule. The efficacy and safety of the dye was evaluated on the basis of intraoperative and postoperative observations. RESULTS: In all 25 eyes the capsulorhexis was completed. There was peripheral extension of the capsulorhexis in the eye with traumatic cataract and the stained edge of the anterior capsule helped identification and redirection of the capsulorhexis. Successful phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation was performed in all eyes. Adverse reactions related to the dye such as raised intraocular pressure, anterior chamber inflammation and endothelial damage were not observed in the immediate postoperative period or at the end of mean follow-up of 3 months. CONCLUSION: Trypan blue dye staining of the anterior capsule appears to be a very useful and safe technique that simplifies capsulorhexis in mature and hypermature cataracts.
Sujets)
Adulte , Sujet âgé , Capsulorhexis/méthodes , Cataracte/anatomopathologie , Agents colorants/diagnostic , Femelle , Études de suivi , Humains , Capsule du cristallin/anatomopathologie , Mâle , Adulte d'âge moyen , Soins préopératoires/méthodes , Études prospectives , Sécurité , Coloration et marquage/méthodes , Résultat thérapeutique , Bleu de trypan/diagnosticRésumé
Ocular malignant melanomas are infrequently seen in Indian patents and most them involve the choroid. Ciliary body malignant melanoma is rather rare. This case report illustrates an occurrence in an Indian patient.
Sujets)
Sujet âgé , Corps ciliaire/anatomopathologie , Diagnostic différentiel , Énucléation oculaire , Femelle , Humains , Imagerie par résonance magnétique , Mélanome/diagnostic , Tumeurs de l'uvée/diagnosticRésumé
A rare case of diabetic retinal lipaemia is described in a 5-year-old child.
Sujets)
Enfant d'âge préscolaire , Cholestérol/sang , Acidocétose diabétique/sang , Femelle , Glucose/métabolisme , Humains , Hyperlipidémies/sang , Hypoglycémiants/usage thérapeutique , Insuline/usage thérapeutique , Rétinopathies/sang , Vaisseaux rétiniens/anatomopathologie , Triglycéride/sang , Acuité visuelleRésumé
Thirty-eight patients of NIDDM, 12 of IDDM and 10 healthy age matched controls were subjected to seven standardised autonomic reflex function tests. A scoring criteria was utilised for diagnosing and grading the severity of dysautonomia. Eight patients of IDDM and 24 of NIDDM had dysautonomia. One-third of the patients in each group had grade IV autonomic dysfunction. Severity of autonomic dysfunction was directly related to the duration of disease in NIDDM whereas in IDDM this relation was not seen. Peripheral neuropathy was almost always associated with dysautonomia in NIDDM. On the contrary, in IDDM dysautonomia was independent of peripheral neuropathy. Charcot's arthopathy, dysphagia, constipation and nocturnal diarrhea were always associated with evidence of dysautonomia. Other symptoms viz. gustatory sweating, postural dizziness and impotence did not necessarily indicate dysautonomia.
Sujets)
Adulte , Système nerveux autonome/physiopathologie , Maladies du système nerveux autonome/diagnostic , Complications du diabète , Diabète/physiopathologie , Femelle , Humains , Mâle , Réflexe/physiologieRésumé
Sixty five anemics and 20 healthy control subjects carefully age and sex matched were subjected to seven standardised tests to evaluate autonomic status. Due care was taken to remove factors which could interfare with the results. Tests concerned with the basal parasympalhetec tone viz heart rate response to standing (p < 0.001) and intravenous atropine test (p < 0.05) showed significant difference which persisted with severity and type of anemia. Test requiring stimulation of the parasympathatic system i.e. deep breathing test, valsalva maneuver and carotid sinus massage did show not significant difference. No difference of significance was found with postural fall of blood pressure and sustained hand grip test, chiefly concerned with the sympathatic system. These results suggest that anemics have low basal parasympathatic outflow to increase the heart rate as compensatory mechanism. Stimulation of parasympathatic and sympathetic system arouse normal response.