Analysis of the completeness and consistency of records of violence against indigenous women in the health macro-region of Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul state, Brazil, 2009-2020 / Análisis de la integridad y consistencia de los registros de violencia contra mujeres indígenas en la macrorregión de Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil, 2009-2020 / Análise da completitude e consistência dos registros de violência contra as mulheres indígenas na macrorregião de saúde de Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, 2009-2020

Abstract Objective: To analyze the temporal trend of completeness and consistency of data on notifications of violence against indigenous women in the health macro-region of Dourados, state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, between 2009 and 2020. Methods: An ecological time series study was conducted using data from the Notifiable Health Conditions Information System; Prais-Winsten regression was used to analyze the trend of data completeness and consistency, as well as the proportion of completed and coherent fields. Results: A total of 2,630 cases were reported; completeness was found to be very poor in the variable "occupation" (48.9%) and poor in the variables "schooling" (68.3%) and "time of occurrence" (67.9%); in the analysis of temporal trends, only the variable "occupation" showed a decreasing trend (p = 0.045). Conclusion: The data analyzed demonstrated the need for improvement in the completeness of the variables "schooling", "occupation" and "time of occurrence" of the violent act.

Resumen Objetivo: Analizar la tendencia temporal en el grado de completitud y consistencia de los datos de notificación sobre violencia contra mujeres indígenas en la macrorregión sanitaria de Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil, entre los años 2009-2020. Métodos: Estudio de series de tiempo ecológicas con datos del Sistema de Información de Enfermedades de Declaración Obligatoria; se utilizó la regresión de Prais-Winsten para analizar la tendencia de completitud; para mantener la coherencia, se utilizó la proporción de campos completados y coherentes. Resultados: Se notificaron 2.630 casos; la exhaustividad fue muy pobre en la variable ocupación (48,9%) y pobre en las variables educación (68,3%) y tiempo de ocurrencia (67,9%); en el análisis de tendencia temporal, sólo la variable ocupación mostró una tendencia decreciente (p = 0,045). Conclusión: Los datos analizados demuestran la necesidad de mejorar la completitud de las variables educación, ocupación y tiempo de ocurrencia del acto violento.

Resumo Objetivo: Analisar a tendência temporal do grau de completitude e a consistência dos dados de notificação de violência contra as mulheres indígenas da macrorregião de saúde de Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil, entre os anos de 2009 e 2020. Métodos: Estudo ecológico de série temporal, sobre dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação; utilizou-se a regressão de Prais-Winsten para analisar a tendência da completitude dos dados e sua consistência, a proporção de campos preenchidos e coerentes. Resultados: Foram notificados 2.630 casos; a completitude revelou-se muito ruim na variável "ocupação" (48,9%) e ruim nas variáveis "escolaridade" (68,3%) e "hora da ocorrência" (67,9%); na análise de tendência temporal, apenas a variável "ocupação" apresentou tendência de redução (p = 0,045). Conclusão: Os dados analisados demonstraram a necessidade de melhoria na completitude das variáveis "escolaridade", "ocupação" e "hora da ocorrência" do ato violento.

Anidación y conservación de la tortuga lora (Lepidochelys olivacea) en playa Drake, península de Osa, Costa Rica (2006 a 2012) / Nesting and conservation of the Olive Ridley sea turtle (Lepidochelys olivacea) in playa Drake, Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica (2006-2012)

Resumen Desde 2006 a 2012, la anidación de la tortuga lora (Lepidochelys olivacea) fue monitoreada en bahía Drake, un enclave reconocido internacionalmente por su excelente oferta eco-turística que se localiza en la región noroeste de la península de Osa. Sorprendentemente, esta área dispone de playas de anidación solitaria de tortuga lora que han permanecido casi desadvertidas hasta fechas recientes. Durante este periodo de monitoreo, 958 nidos fueron registrados en playa Drake (promedio anual: 136.9; densidad: 3.80 nidos/100m de playa), de los cuales 363 (37.9%) fueron reubicados a un vivero. Antes de 2006, la pérdida anual de nidos fue superior al 85% debido al saqueo en playa; desde 2006, el porcentaje del saqueo de nidos se mantuvo en un promedio del 10.1%. Además, un total de 335 hembras fueron identificadas con placas metálicas; el promedio de la longitud curva del caparazón fue de 66.1cm; el promedio del ancho curvo del caparazón fue de 70.2cm, y el tamaño promedio por nidada fue de 96.3 huevos. El promedio del éxito de eclosión para los nidos reubicados en vivero fue de 79.2%, y más de 61 000 neonatos fueron liberados al mar durante este periodo. Este proyecto es un ejemplo de una iniciativa exitosa de conservación, eco-turismo y desarrollo comunitario.

Abstract The nesting of the Olive Ridley (Lepidochelys olivacea) sea turtle was studied from 2006 to 2012 in Drake Bay, Costa Rica, an important solitary nesting site and center of eco-tourism in the Osa Peninsula. During this period, 958 nests were recorded (mean: 136.9 nests per season; density: 3.8 nests/100m of beach per season), of which 38% were relocated to a hatchery. The incidence of poaching was reduced from 85% in 2005 to a mean of 10.1% from 2006-2012. A total of 335 nesting females were tagged; the mean curved length of carapace was 66.1cm, the mean curved width was 70.2cm, and the mean number of eggs per nest was 96.3. A mean rate of reproductive success of 79.2% was obtained and over 61 000 hatchlings were liberated from the hatchery. This project is an example of a successful community-based conservation and eco-tourism initiative. Rev. Biol. Trop. 63 (Suppl. 1): 117-129. Epub 2015 April 01.

Cytogenetics and embryology of Eupatorium laevigatum (Compositae)

Embryological studies indicate Eupatorium laevigatum to have Antennaria type diplospory with precocious embryony. The embryo sac is of the Polygonum type and the polar nuclei fuse before anthesis (maturation of the stamens). Endosperm development is autonomous and the central cell divides only after the initial stages of embryo formation. It is estimated that about 10 percent of the florets in anthesis contain an undivided egg which can be used for sexual reproduction. The study of microsporogenesis revealed abnormalities in chromosome pairing which result in the formation of univalents, bivalents, trivalents and higher polyvalents, with the consequent production of lagging chromosomes, unbalanced nuclei, micronuclei and sterile pollen. We found that, as represented by the material studied, E. laevigatum is an autohexaploid (2n = 6x = 60) in which each chromosome of a basic set of ten chromosomes is repeated six times and that E. laevigatum is an essentialy obligate apomictic.