Occupational exposure level and requirements for radiation protection of nuclear medical staff / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

With the rapid development of nuclear medicine, the number of nuclear medical staff has increased a lot in the past few years in China. Close-range operations, such as preparation and injections of radiopharmaceuticals, are usually carried out in nuclear medicine department. And the use of unsealed radionuclides may also create internal exposure risk. So, occupational exposure of nuclear medical staff is a main issue of occupational health management in China. In this paper, the occupational exposure level and requirements for radiation protection of nuclear medical staff are introduced to provide references for the related work that radiological health technical institutions carry out.

Diagnostic value of novel hepatic fibrosis markers in assessing cirrhosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C / 中华肝脏病杂志

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1) and Golgi protein 73 (GP73) in the diagnosis of cirrhosis and the dynamic changes of CHI3L1 and GP73 after HCV clearance in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) treated with direct-acting antiviral drugs (DAAs). The comparison of continuous variables of normal distribution were statistically analyzed by ANOVA and t-test. The comparison of continuous variables of non-normal distribution were statistically analyzed by rank sum test. The categorical variables were statistically analyzed by Fisher's exact test and χ(2) test. Correlation analysis was performed using Spearman correlation analysis. Methods: Data of 105 patients with CHC diagnosed from January 2017 to December 2019 were collected. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve) was plotted to study the efficacy of serum CHI3L1 and GP73 for the diagnosis of cirrhosis. Friedman test was used to compare CHI3L1 and GP73 change characteristics. Results: The areas under the ROC curve for CHI3L1 and GP73 in the diagnosis of cirrhosis at baseline were 0.939 and 0.839, respectively. Serum levels of CHI3L1 and GP73 in the DAAs group decreased significantly at the end of treatment compared with baseline [123.79 (60.25, 178.80) ng/ml vs. 118.20 (47.68, 151.36) ng/ml, P = 0.001; 105.73 (85.05, 130.69) ng/ml vs. 95.52 (69.52, 118.97) ng/ml, P = 0.001]. Serum CHI3L1 and GP73 in the pegylated interferon combined with ribavirin (PR) group were significantly lower at the end of 24 weeks of treatment than the baseline [89.15 (39.15, 149.74) ng/ml vs. 69.98 (20.52, 71.96) ng/ml, P < 0.05; 85.07 (60.07, 121) ng/ml vs. 54.17 (29.17, 78.65) ng/ml, P < 0.05]. Conclusion: CHI3L1 and GP73 are sensitive serological markers that can be used to monitor the fibrosis prognosis in CHC patients during treatment and after obtaining a sustained virological response. Serum CHI3L1 and GP73 levels in the DAAs group decreased earlier than those in the PR group, and the serum CHI3L1 levels in the untreated group increased compared with the baseline at about two years of follow-up.

General situation of current diagnostic criteria for occupational radiation diseases in China / 中国职业医学

As compulsory standards in occupational health, the diagnostic criteria for occupational diseases are the main basis for the diagnosis of occupational diseases. According to the Occupation Disease Classification and Catalogue in China, there are currently 13 kinds of legal occupational radiation diseases in China. There are 14 supporting diagnostic criteria, including the GBZ 104-2017 Diagnosis of Acute Radiation Sickness from Occupational External Exposure, GBZ 99-2002 Diagnostic Criteria for Subacute Radiation Sickness from External Exposure, GBZ 105-2017 Diagnosis of Chronic Radiation Sickness from Occupational External Exposure, GBZ 96-2011 Diagnostic Criteria for Radiation Sickness from Internal Exposure, GBZ 106-2020 Diagnosis for Occupational Radiation Diseases of Skin, GBZ 97-2017 Judgment Standard for Occupational Radiogenic Neoplasms, GBZ 100-2010 Diagnostic Criteria for External Radiation Bone Injury, GBZ 101-2020 Diagnosis for Occupational Radiation Thyroid Disease, GBZ 107-2015 Diagnosis for Occupational Radiation Induced Gonad Disease, GBZ 102-2007 Diagnostic Criteria of Combined Radiation-blast Injury, GBZ 103-2007 Diagnostic Criteria of Combined Radiation-burn Injury, GBZ 95-2014 Diagnostic Criteria for Occupational Radiation Cataract, GBZ 108-2002 Diagnostic Criteria for Acute Uranium Intoxication and GBZ 112-2017 General Guideline for Diagnosis of Occupational Radiation Diseases. Compared with previous criteria, some of the new criteria changed a lot in terms of diagnostic conditions, included diseases, dose threshold and calculation methods for etiological probability. The science and practicability improved continually, which is conducive to standardize the diagnosis of occupational radiation diseases.

Effect of licorice flavonoids on kainic acid-induced seizure in mice / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of licorice flavonoid (LF) on kainic acid (KA)-induced seizure in mice and its mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Male adult ICR mice were injected with 25 mg/kg KA to induce temporal lobe seizure. LF was administrated 7 d before seizure induction (pre-treatment) or 24 h after seizure induction (post-treatment) for 7 d. Acute seizure latency, seizure stage and duration were observed and compared between LF- and vehicle-treated mice. From d2 on, mice with status epilepticus were video-monitored for spontaneous seizures, 10 h/d for 6 w. Immunohistochemical analysis of BrdU and Timm staining was conducted to detect the neurogenesis and mossy fiber sprouting, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>No significant difference was observed in acute seizure latency, seizure stage and duration between LF-and vehicle-treated mice. KA-induced acute seizure resulted in spontaneous seizure in mice, and the seizure frequency was increased with time. Pre- and post-treatment with LF decreased seizure frequency from w3 after modeling [(0.58±0.15)/d, (0.38±0.38)/d vs (1.23±0.23)/d, P <0.05]. Furthermore, KA-induced seizure resulted in robust neurogenesis and mossy fiber sprouting, while treatment with LF both pre- and post- KA injection significantly inhibited neurogenesis (15.6±2.6, 17.1±3.1 vs 28.9±3.5, P <0.05) and mossy fiber sprouting (1.33±0.31, 1.56±0.42 vs 3.0±0.37, P <0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>LF has no significant anti-seizure effect. However, it can decrease epileptogenesis through inhibition of neurogenesis and mossy fiber sprouting.</p>

Versatility of reverse sural fasciocutaneous flap for reconstruction of distal lower limb soft tissue defects / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

In this study we present our experiences with the reverse sural fasciocutaneous flap to reconstruct the distal lower limb soft tissue defects caused by traumatic injuries. These flap graftings were carried out from Oct. 2010 to Dec. 2012 in our department. The series consisted of 36 patients, including 21 men and 15 women with an average age of 46.2 years (14-83 years) and with a medium follow-up period of 18 months (12-24 months). Of all the cases of acute trauma, there were 10 cases of trauma of distal tibia, 9 cases of trauma of perimalleolus, and 17 cases of trauma of midfoot and forefoot. Related risk factors in the patients were diabetes (2 cases), advanced age (>65 years, 3 cases) and cigarette smoking (6 cases). The reverse flow sural island flap irrigation depended on lower perforators of the peroneal artery. The fasciocutaneous pedicle was 3-4 cm in width and the anatomical structures consisted of the superficial and deep fascia, the sural nerve, short saphenous vein, superficial sural artery together with an islet of subcutaneous cellular tissue and skin. The most proximal border of the flap was only 1.5 cm away from the popliteal skin crease and the pivot point was 5-7 cm above the tip of the lateral malleolus. All the flaps survived. No arterial crisis occurred in any case. The venous congestion occurred in 2 cases and got better after raising the limbs and bloodletting. Only in an old man, 1.5 cm necrosis of distal margin of his flap occurred and finally healed after continuous dressing change. One-stage skin grafting was performed, and all the donor sites were sutured and successfully healed. It was concluded that the reverse sural fasciocutaneous flap is safe and reliable to extend to the proximal third even near the popliteal skin crease. We also concluded this flap can be safely and efficiently used to treat patients with large and far soft-tissue defects from the distal leg to the forefoot with more versatility and it is easier to reach the recipient sites.

Versatility of reverse sural fasciocutaneous flap for reconstruction of distal lower limb soft tissue defects / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

In this study we present our experiences with the reverse sural fasciocutaneous flap to reconstruct the distal lower limb soft tissue defects caused by traumatic injuries. These flap graftings were carried out from Oct. 2010 to Dec. 2012 in our department. The series consisted of 36 patients, including 21 men and 15 women with an average age of 46.2 years (14-83 years) and with a medium follow-up period of 18 months (12-24 months). Of all the cases of acute trauma, there were 10 cases of trauma of distal tibia, 9 cases of trauma of perimalleolus, and 17 cases of trauma of midfoot and forefoot. Related risk factors in the patients were diabetes (2 cases), advanced age (>65 years, 3 cases) and cigarette smoking (6 cases). The reverse flow sural island flap irrigation depended on lower perforators of the peroneal artery. The fasciocutaneous pedicle was 3-4 cm in width and the anatomical structures consisted of the superficial and deep fascia, the sural nerve, short saphenous vein, superficial sural artery together with an islet of subcutaneous cellular tissue and skin. The most proximal border of the flap was only 1.5 cm away from the popliteal skin crease and the pivot point was 5-7 cm above the tip of the lateral malleolus. All the flaps survived. No arterial crisis occurred in any case. The venous congestion occurred in 2 cases and got better after raising the limbs and bloodletting. Only in an old man, 1.5 cm necrosis of distal margin of his flap occurred and finally healed after continuous dressing change. One-stage skin grafting was performed, and all the donor sites were sutured and successfully healed. It was concluded that the reverse sural fasciocutaneous flap is safe and reliable to extend to the proximal third even near the popliteal skin crease. We also concluded this flap can be safely and efficiently used to treat patients with large and far soft-tissue defects from the distal leg to the forefoot with more versatility and it is easier to reach the recipient sites.

Clinical analysis of 73 cases of intraspinal nerve sheath tumor / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

Seventy-three patients with spinal nerve sheath tumor who were surgically treated in our hospital during the years 2004-2010 were retrospectively reviewed with respect to recovery of neurological function, recurrence of the tumor and occurrence of kyphotic deformities. Preoperative clinical manifestations, imaging data, surgical records and follow-up results were comprehensively analyzed. The follow-up duration was 12-60 months with an average of 32.0 months. Out of the 73 cases enrolled, 69 had gradual recovery of sensation, motor and sphincter functions 1 week to 3 months after operation. Forty-six cases had incomplete paralysis, whose American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) grades, however, were gradually increased during the follow-up period, 4 cases had no significant improvement of the clinical symptoms and no change in ASIA grades during the follow-up period. Two cases had postoperative recurrence of the tumor. There were no deaths, no spinal instability, and no kyphotic malformations found in any cases. Our study indicated that complete removal of the tumor is important for good recovery, and an ideal surgical method may reduce the recurrence of the tumor or the occurrence of complications.

Clinical analysis of 73 cases of intraspinal nerve sheath tumor / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

Seventy-three patients with spinal nerve sheath tumor who were surgically treated in our hospital during the years 2004-2010 were retrospectively reviewed with respect to recovery of neurological function, recurrence of the tumor and occurrence of kyphotic deformities. Preoperative clinical manifestations, imaging data, surgical records and follow-up results were comprehensively analyzed. The follow-up duration was 12-60 months with an average of 32.0 months. Out of the 73 cases enrolled, 69 had gradual recovery of sensation, motor and sphincter functions 1 week to 3 months after operation. Forty-six cases had incomplete paralysis, whose American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) grades, however, were gradually increased during the follow-up period, 4 cases had no significant improvement of the clinical symptoms and no change in ASIA grades during the follow-up period. Two cases had postoperative recurrence of the tumor. There were no deaths, no spinal instability, and no kyphotic malformations found in any cases. Our study indicated that complete removal of the tumor is important for good recovery, and an ideal surgical method may reduce the recurrence of the tumor or the occurrence of complications.

A method for simultaneous assay of propulsion and absorption in small intestine / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To develop a method for simultaneous assay of propulsion and absorption in small intestine.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The mice were administrated through gastric tube with mixed reagents containing 0.12% phenol red, D-xylose (1.25%, 2.5% and 5%) and 15% gelatin. The influence of phenol red on D-xylose absorption and the influence of D-xylose on small intestine propulsion rate were investigated by measuring serum concentration of D-xylose with phloroglucinol method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>At 10 min, no significant difference was found between 5% D-xylose mixed reagent group and 5% D-xylose control. At 15 min, small intestine propulsion rate in 5% D-xylose mixed reagent group, but not in 2.5% and 1.25% D-xylose mixed reagent groups, was significantly higher than in phenol red control (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Gastric administration of mixed reagent containing 0.12% phenol red, 5% D-xylose and 15% gelatin can simultaneously assay propulsion and absorption of small intestine in mice.</p>

Ureteral prefusion in normal and chronically obstructed feline models / 대한비뇨기과학회지

No abstract available.

Active and passive ureteral fluid transport in a feline model / 대한비뇨기과학회지

No abstract available.