Clinical Effects of High Flow Nasal Cannular Insufflation on Preoxygenation and Extension of Safe Apneic Period / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

[Objective]To assess the effects of high flow nasal cannular insufflation(HFNCI)on preoxygenation and extension of safe apneic period during tracheal intubation.[Methods]Patients were randomly allocated into facemask(FM),facemask plus HFNCI(FM+HFNCI),HFNCI and HFNCI plus nasopharyngeal airway(HFNCI+NPA) groups. Facemask was adopted in FM and FM+HFNCI groups,while HFNCI was used in HFNCI and HFNCI+NPA groups for preoxygenation. All patients except for those in FM group received HFNCI during tracheal intubation. PaO2, SaO2,HR and MAP were recorded and analyzed.[Results]There was no significant difference in PaO2and SaO2after preoxygenation among groups(P>0.05). During apneic tracheal intubation period,PaO2decreased significantly in FM group while increased in HFNCI+NPA group. The Δ PaO2in FM group(Mean value was -5.4 kPa)was significantly bigger than those in other groups(Mean values in FM+HFNCI,HFNCI,and HFNCI+NPA groups were -0.5,-0.8 and 1.4 kPa,respectively(P < 0.001). All values at the success of tracheal intubation were much above the safe limits.[Conclusion]HFNCI provides effective preoxygenation and may extend safe apneic period in patients with patent airway.

Changes of CCK-8, CGRP, SP, and VIP in the colon and the lung tissue of allergic asthma model rats: an experimental observation / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe changes of cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8), calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP), substance P (SP), and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in each tissue of the digestive system of allergic asthma (AA) model rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The pulmonary disease (AA) rat model was duplicated by 1% ovalbumin. Its effect on the pathological morphology of the six main parts of the digestive system (stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, colon and rectum) and related regulating factors such as CCK8, CGRP, SP, and VIP were observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The pathological morphology of the lung was synchronously changed as that of the colon of model rats. But there was no obvious change in the stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, or rectum. Significant changes occurred in CCK8 (79 961.4 +/- 12 577.9, 48 519.5 +/- 12 240.7), CGRP (41 950.1 +/- 12 600.1, 38 059.8 +/- 11 942.4), and SP (88 243.9 +/- 32 177.2, 47 417.8 +/- 16 462.4), and VIP (20 711.4 +/- 7 334.6, 43 208.1 +/- 13 433.8) of the lung tissue and the colon tissue of model rats (P < 0. 05, P < 0.01). But there was no significant change in the aforesaid substances of the stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum and rectum (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Pulmonary disease might affect the colon, inducing pathological changes of the colon tissue and changes of related regulating factors such as CCK8, CGRP, SP, and VIP. It showed no significant effect on the stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum and rectum.</p>

Epilepsy related to radiotherapy in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma / 中华神经医学杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical and imaging characteristics of epilepsy in radiation encephalopathy (RE) patients after nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) radiotherapy.Methods One hundred and twelve RE patients after NPC radiotherapy,admitted to our hospital from February 2005 to December 2010,were chosen in our study; these patients were divided into epilepsy group and non-epilepsy group according to the appearance of epilepsy; their clinical and cranial MR imaging and EEG data were collected and compared.Results Epilepsy was a common symptom in RE patients after NPC radiotherapy,with an incidence of 15.2％ (17/112); secondary generalized tonic-clonic (SGTC) seizure was the most common type (9/17),followed by simple partial seizure (5/17).Cystic lesions in the temporal lobe under MRI in RE patients with epilepsy were more common as compared with those in RE patients without epilepsy.EEG recorded scattered sharp waves and sharp slow waves in RE patients with/without epilepsy.Nine RE patients with epilepsy achieved seizure-control without using the antiepileptic drugs after treatment of the primary disease.Conclusion SGTC seizure and simple partial seizure are common types in RE patients after NPC radiotherapy,and antiepileptic drugs can control the seizure.

Analysis of factors leading to prescheduled analgesic withdrawal in patients with postoperative epidural analgesia / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the factors leading to prescheduled analgesic withdrawal in patients with postoperative epidural analgesia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective study of 4876 patients with postoperative epidural analgesia was conducted and the effect of analgesia and incidence of prescheduled analgesic withdrawal were recorded. The factors precipitating the occurrences of analgesic withdrawal and complications were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Early analgesic withdrawal occurred in 113 cases (2.3%), among which 74 (0.5%) were due to factors irrelevant to analgesic complications. Analgesia-related complications occurred in 578 patients, but only 39 (0.7%) of them needed discontinuation of the analgesics.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Prescheduled analgesic withdrawal is predominantly due to technical inadequacies rather than complications arising from the analgesics, and improvement of the operation skills for postoperative analgesia may reduce early analgesia discontinuation and enhance the patients' satisfaction.</p>

Relationship between serum interleukin-10 and insulin resistance in metabolic syndrome / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relationship between serum interleukin-10 (IL-10) level and insulin resistance (IR) in patients with metabolic syndrome (MS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighteen MS subjects and 18 age-matched normal subjects were enrolled. IR was evaluated by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp technique and serum IL-10 level measured by ELISA. Pearson's correlation analysis was used to investigate the relationship between serum IL-10 level and IR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Serum IL-10 levels were significantly higher in patients with MS than in the controls [1.3 (0.8/3.1) pg/ml vs 2.4 (1.1/4.5) pg/ml, P<0.05], and glucose metabolic rate (M value) derived from hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp technique was lower in MS subjects than in controls [(5.76+/-1.81) mg/kg.min vs (8.39+/-1.25) mg/kg.min], P<0.05]. Serum IL-10 levels showed a positive correlation with M value (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Patients with MS have greater IR and lower serum IL-10 levels than normal subjects, and lowered IL-10 levels might be involved in the pathogenesis of IR in MS.</p>