Aortic Arch Aneurysm: CT and MR Features

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the CT and MR features of aortic arch aneurysms and todetermine the differences between involved segments and morphologic types according to their causes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-nine patients with aortic arch aneurysms who underwent CT scanning(n=24) and/or MR imaging(n=16)were retrospectively evaluated. The aneurysms were analyzed with respect to location of involved segment,morphology, direction and size, and morphologic differences between aneurysms were compared according to causes. RESULTS: The causes of arch aneurysms were atherosclerosis in 25 patients(86%), trauma in three (10%) and infection in one (4%). Arch aneurysms were frequently located at the arch only(n=17,59%), ascending aorta toarch(n=6,21%), arch to descending aorta(n=4,14%), or ascending aorta to descending aorta(n=2,7%). The shape of theaneurysm was fusiform in 15 patients and saccular in 14. Atherosclerotic aneurysms(n=25) were fusiform in 15patients and saccular in ten. Arch aneurysms due to trauma and infection(n=4) were saccular. MRI was more helpfulthan CT scanning involved site, direction, and morphology of the aneurysm. CONCLUSION: Bothe CT scanning and MRIeasily diagnose arch aneurysms, though MRI is a very useful imaging modality for evaluating involved aorticsegments and morphologic types. Aortic arch aneurysms are either fusiform or saccular. Most saccular aneurysmsinvolve the aortic arch, whereas the involvement of fusiform aneurysms is more varied. Atherosclerosis is the mostcommon cause of both fusiform and saccular arch aneurysms.

A Case of Chromosome Anomaly with 46,XY,del(15)(p12), Phenotypically Presenting Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome / 대한신장학회잡지

Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome is characterized by unusual facies, microcephaly, mental and growth retardation, skeletal and genitourinary malformations. We present a 10-year old boy who visited us with chief complaints of urinary incontinence and azotemia. He was manifested facial abnormalities and other features of Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome including vesicoureteral reflux, chronic pyelonephritis, hypospadia and cryptorchidism. Chromosomal study showed 15 chromosome short arm deletion, karyotypically he was depicted 46, XY, del(15)(p12).

The Effect of Small Dose of Nondepolarizing Muscle Relaxant Administered Prior to Succinylcholine on Intubating Condition / 대한마취과학회지

Subparalyzing dose of nodepolarizing relaxants prior to injection of succinylcholine has been used to prevent various adverse effects induced after succinylcholine. For investigating interactions between succinylcholine and small doses of four non-depolar-izing agents, the 112 subjects that were ASA class 1-2 and no existing neuromuscular conduction system disorder were divided into 5 groups that were control group(only succinylcholine 1 mg/kg) and pretreated group d-tubocurarine 0.5 mg/kg, atracurium 0.08 mg/kg, vecuronium 0.01 mg/kg and pancuronium 0.01 mg/kg. In each group, the plasma concentration of K+ and PChE before and after use of succinylcholine, fasciculation, onset and recovery time of succinylcholine block and intubating conditon were observed. The results are as follows; In the pretreated group, there were no significant changes of plasma concentration of K+ and plasma cholinesterase(Table 3) but diminished the incidence of fascieulation, delayed the onset time and shorted the recovery time of succinylcholine block(Table 4), and worse in intubating condition(Table 5) except pancuronium treated group. It was concluded that these seem to make worse condition of intubation, while small doses of nondepolarizing muscle relaxants except pancuronium antagonize depolarizing muscle relaxant.

The Effect of Small Dose of Nondepolarizing Muscle Relaxant Administered Prior to Succinylcholine on Intubating Condition / 대한마취과학회지

Subparalyzing dose of nodepolarizing relaxants prior to injection of succinylcholine has been used to prevent various adverse effects induced after succinylcholine. For investigating interactions between succinylcholine and small doses of four non-depolar-izing agents, the 112 subjects that were ASA class 1-2 and no existing neuromuscular conduction system disorder were divided into 5 groups that were control group(only succinylcholine 1 mg/kg) and pretreated group d-tubocurarine 0.5 mg/kg, atracurium 0.08 mg/kg, vecuronium 0.01 mg/kg and pancuronium 0.01 mg/kg. In each group, the plasma concentration of K+ and PChE before and after use of succinylcholine, fasciculation, onset and recovery time of succinylcholine block and intubating conditon were observed. The results are as follows; In the pretreated group, there were no significant changes of plasma concentration of K+ and plasma cholinesterase(Table 3) but diminished the incidence of fascieulation, delayed the onset time and shorted the recovery time of succinylcholine block(Table 4), and worse in intubating condition(Table 5) except pancuronium treated group. It was concluded that these seem to make worse condition of intubation, while small doses of nondepolarizing muscle relaxants except pancuronium antagonize depolarizing muscle relaxant.