Résumé
Beauveria bassiana is an entomopathogenic fungus with high potential in controlling insect pests. In this study, we propose optimum cultural conditions and culture media for better growth of various B. bassiana strains. B. bassiana strains achieved their maximum growth during optimal incubation period of seven days. The optimum pH and temperature for maximal growth of B. bassiana strains was found to be 6-7 and 25-30ºC, respectively. All the tested carbon and nitrogen sources supported growth and development of the B. bassiana strains. Starch and peptone as carbon and nitrogen sources supported maximum radial growth (2.13-3.00 cm) and conidiospore count in both solid state culture (2.66×107 conidia/mL) and liquid state culture (9.86×107 conidia/mL). Strain BbR2 was the fastest growing strain on almost all nutrient sources studied and possessed commendable growth rate and sporulation potential. Wheat bran (WB) and rice bran (RB) in the proportion of 3:1 supported maximum conidiospores yields (1.90×107 conidia/mL) for strain BbR2 in solid state fermentation conditions.
Résumé
Ventriculo peritoneal shunt is the preferred surgical management for hydrocephalus. Various sites namely cardiac atrium, pleural cavity, ureter, fallopian tubes, bladder and gastric lumen have been used as alternative for distal CSF flow. Gallbladder has been used sparingly in the past as a reservoir of CSF diversion. We report our experience with ventriculo-cholecystic (VC) shunt in 2 cases and recommend it as a simple and safe alternative .for CSF drainage particularly in the situations where serosal surface of abdomen is unfit or unavailable for absorption.