RÉSUMÉ
Background:Gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD)is a common digestive disorder,but its underlying causes are still unclear.Patients with GERD often experience anxiety,depression,and ineffective esophageal motility.However,there have been limited studies on the relationship between anxiety/depression and esophageal motility.Aims:To investigate the mental state of patients with different subtypes of GERD and explore its correlation with esophageal motility.Methods:From September 2018 to June 2022,a total of 96 outpatients presenting typical acid reflux and heartburn symptoms with a GerdQ score≥10 were enrolled at Jincheng People's Hospital.They were divided into two groups based on gastroscopy findings:non-erosive reflux disease(NERD)group(77 cases)and reflux esophagitis(RE)group(19 cases).General data,clinical symptoms,anxiety/depression scores,and high-resolution esophageal manometry results were compared between the two groups using t-test,chi-square test,and Spearman correlation analysis.Results:There was a statistically significant difference between the NERD group and RE group(P<0.05),with more females in the NERD group.The self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)scores were significantly higher in the NERD group[44.00(29.00-58.00)]compared to the RE group[23.00(20.00-29.38)],indicating a greater presence of anxiety in the NERD group than in the RE group;this difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).However,there was no significant difference in self-rating depression scale(SDS),Hamilton anxiety scale(HAMA),or Hamilton depression scale(HAMD)scores between the two groups.Furthermore,a negative correlation was observed between distal contractile integral(DCI)values and SAS scores among GERD patients(P<0.05).Additionally,a small negative correlation existed between DCI values and SDS,HAMA,and HAMD(P>0.05).Conclusions:The NERD group exhibits a more pronounced anxiety state compared to the RE group.Furthermore,there exists a negative correlation between the anxiety state of GERD patients and DCI,suggesting that anxiety may influence esophageal motility involvement in the pathogenesis of GERD.
RÉSUMÉ
Objective To investigate the myelination of rat brain at different developmental stages.Methods Luxol fast blue staining,immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were applied to determine the distribution and alternation of myelin sheath in the brains of SD rats at different developmental stages.Results Negative LFB and MBP staining were shown at the stages of embryonicage 18 d(E18),postnatal age 0 d(P0) and P2.At P7,the corpus callosum was weakly stained by LFB.The positive stain of LFB and MBP occurred in P15 on the corpus callosum.With the development going on,the stain turned out stronger,especially in P30,which was similar with that in P90 and P720.The results of Western blot analysis showed the expression of MBP in rat brain was gradually increased with the development of rat brain.Conclusion The myelination starts before P15 in rat brain and becomes mature in P30.The optimal observation time of myelin is 30 d born after.