Radiological Findings and Interventions for Iatrogenic Vascular Injuries

PURPOSE: To evaluate the radiological findings and effectiveness of radiological interventions in patientswith iatrogenic vascular injuries. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed 50 patients with iatrogenic vascularinjuries treated with radiological intervention. The causes of injuries were surgery(n=20), cardiovascularintervention(n=15), non-cardiovascular radiological intervention(n=14), and endoscopic intervention(n=1). Theinjury had resulted in hemorrhage in 35 cases. The iliac and/or femoral, hepatic, and renal vessels were commonlyinjured. Angiography, ultrasonography with Doppler examination, CT, and CT angiography were performed to diagnosevascular injuries and guide the radiological intervention. The mean follow-up period was 23 months and in 16 caseswas more than one year. RESULTS: The major radiological findings were extravasation, pseudoaneurysm,arteriovenous shunt, or vascular obstruction. To control these lesions, radiological interventions such asembolization(n=36), local urokinase administration, stent insertion, foreign body removal, ultrasonography-guidedcompression, or stent-graft insertion were performed. The clinical problems were immediately controlled by thesingle trials of radiological interventions and did not recur in 40 cases (80%). CONCLUSION: Radiologicalexaminations and interventions are useful in cases with iatrogenic vascular injuries.

A carbohydrate antigen of Clonorchis sinensis recognized by a species-specific monoclonal antibody

The enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-inhibition test using a Clonorchis sinensis species-specific mouse monoclonal antibody(MAb), CsHyb 0605-23, showed increased specificity over the conventional ELISA used for serodiagnosis of clonorchiasis. To characterize the corresponding antigen further, the MAb was tested against polysaccharide, protein and glycolipid fractions obtained from a crude extract of C. sinensis adult worms, using chloroform, methanol and phenol extractions. Only the polysaccharide fraction was recognized by the MAb among those fractions. Mild oxidation of the antigen with sodium periodate showed decreased reactivity against the MAb. We concluded that the antigen and antigenic determinants recognized by the MAb are carbohydrates.