Posterior capsule opacification after cataract surgery in children over five years of age with square-edge hydrophobic versus hydrophilic acrylic intraocular lenses: a prospective randomized study

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of hydrophobic and hydrophilic materials in square-edged acrylic intraocular lenses (IOLs) on the development of posterior capsule opacification (PCO) after pediatric cataract surgery. METHODS: Patients were randomly assigned to group 1 (hydrophobic acrylic square-edged IOLs; 13 eyes) or group 2 (hydrophilic acrylic square-edged IOLs; 13 eyes). The study evaluated PCO rates using Evaluation of Posterior Capsule Opacification (EPCO) 2000 software at one, three, six and 12 months postoperatively. Postoperative measurements also included corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), neodymium:yttrium‐aluminum‐garnet (Nd:YAG) capsulotomy and postoperative complications other than PCO. RESULTS: Both groups had significant increases in PCO rates after one year. Comparison of the groups showed no significant differences in the EPCO scores at three (group 1, 0.007±0.016 vs group 2, 0.008±0.014; p=0.830), six (group 1, 0.062±0.103 vs group 2, 0.021±0.023; p=0.184), or twelve months postoperatively (group 1, 0.200±0.193 vs group 2, 0.192±0.138; p=0.902). We also found no significant group differences regarding the change (delta, Δ) in EPCO scores between three and six months (group 1, 0.055±0.09 vs group 2, 0.013±0.02; p=0.113) or between six and twelve months postoperatively (group 1, 0.139±0.14 vs group 2, 0.171±0.14; p=0.567). Twenty-three percent of patients required Nd:YAG capsulotomy at the twelve-month visit. CONCLUSIONS: No differences in PCO rates were found between hydrophobic and hydrophilic acrylic square-edged IOLs in children between five and twelve years of age at one year of follow-up.

Long-term efficiency of cataract surgery with hydrophilic acrylic Ioflex intraocular lens

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficiency of long-term cataract surgery using low-cost intraocular lens implantation in community campaigns. METHODS: Fifty-eight randomly selected patients were evaluated four years after phacoemulsification and Ioflex intraocular lens implantation. Causes of low visual acuity related to the intraocular lens were evaluated, and treatment costs were calculated. RESULTS: The mean age of patients was 72±10.2 years. Four years after surgery, 25 eyes (43.0%) had decreased visual acuity related to the intraocular lens: posterior capsule opacification was noted in 24 eyes (41.3%), and intraocular lens opacification was noted in one eye (1.7%). The total cost of the post-surgical complication treatments represented 6.3% of the initial budget of the entire surgical patient group. CONCLUSIONS: The efficiency of cataract surgery with low-cost Ioflex intraocular lens implantation was significantly reduced in a long-term follow-up study because postoperative complications related to intraocular lenses emerged at higher rates than when the gold-standard treatment was used.

Evaluation of efficacy, efficiency and effectiveness of community projects of visual health in the population of the amazon riversides / Avaliação da eficácia, eficiência e efetividade dos projetos comunitários de saúde visual na população Ribeirinha Amazônica

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of eye diseases in the Amazon region and evaluate the efficacy, efficiency and effectiveness of community projects of visual health in underserved communities. METHODS: Retrospective, observational and ecological study, which covers the underserved communities of the Brazilian Amazon by the Amazon Project Vision 2000. The data were retrieved from a total sample of 1,276 patients. A questionnaire was applied to patients with 22 questions divided into general and health data. All patients were submitted to a complete eye examination. All project data were stored in a database for later evaluation. RESULTS: Of the 1,276 patients evaluated, 65% were female, 51.9% said they had never had an eye examination and 91% believed to have some visual problem. Emmetropia was detected in 3.8% and 47.2% had presbyopia. Cataract (16.2%) and pterygium (23.6%) were the prevalent diseases. During the project, cataract surgeries were performed in 27.6% and pterygium in 6.9% of patients. When asked why they had not operated before, 24.1% said they had no financial conditions and 55.2% because there was no specialized doctor nearby. CONCLUSION: Refractive errors, pterygium and cataract were the most common ocular findings in the population evaluated. The Amazon Project Vision 2000 provided the equipment and resources for the activities proposed, reaching the pre-defined goal.

OBJETIVO: Estimar a prevalência de doenças oculares na região amazônica e avaliar a eficácia, eficiência e efetividade dos projetos comunitários de saúde visual em comunidades carentes. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo observacional e ecológico, que abrange as comunidades carentes da Amazônia brasileira pelo Projeto Amazônia Visão de 2000. Os dados foram obtidos a partir de uma amostra completa de 1276 pacientes. Um questionário foi aplicado aos pacientes com 22 questões divididas em dados gerais e de saúde. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos a um exame oftalmológico completo. Todos os dados de projeto armazenados em um banco de dados foram para posterior avaliação. RESULTADOS: Dos 1276 pacientes avaliados, 65.0% eram do sexo feminino, 51,9% disseram que nunca tinham feito exame de vista e 91.0% acreditavam ter algum problema visual. Emetropia foi detectada em 3,8%; 47,2% tinham presbiopia. A Catarata (16,2%) e o pterígio (23,6%) foram as doenças prevalentes. Durante o projeto, cirurgias de catarata e pterígio foram realizadas em 27,6% e 6,9% da população estudada, respectivamente. Quando indagados sobre o porque de não haverem sido operados antes, 24,1% disseram que não tinham condições financeiras e 55,2% Porque não havia médico especializado nas proximidades. CONCLUSÃO: Erros de refração, pterigyum e catarata foram os achados mais comuns na população avaliada. O Projeto Amazônia Visão 2000 forneceu equipamento e recursos para as atividades propostas, atingindo a meta pré-definida.