Improvement of Human Sperm Vacuolization and DNA Fragmentation Co-Cultured with Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Secretome: In Vitro Effect

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Oxidative stress (OS) is known to be an important factor of male infertility. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) are known to have immune-modulatory and anti-oxidant effects through their secretions, hence raising the idea of their potential benefit to improve sperm parameters. This study aims at investigating the effect of AD-MSCs conditioned medium (CM) on human sperm parameters in the presence and absence of H2O2-induced OS.METHODS AND RESULTS: Sperm samples were collected from 30 healthy men and divided into two groups: non-stressed and H2O2-stressed. Isolated AD-MSCs from healthy donors undergoing liposuction were cultured and CM was collected at 24, 48 and 72 h. Both sperm groups were cultured with CM and a time course was performed followed by an evaluation of sperm parameters. The incubation of non-stressed and stressed sperm samples with AD-MSCs-CM for 24 h was found to have the optimum impact on sperm vacuolization, DNA fragmentation and OS levels in comparison to other incubation timings, while preserving motility, viability and morphology of cells. Incubation with CM improved all sperm parameters except morphology in comparison to the non-treated group, with the best effect noted with CM collected at 24 h rather than 48 or 72 h for sperm vacuolization and DNA fragmentation. When compared to fresh semen parameters (T0), samples cultured with CM 24 h showed a significant decrease in sperm vacuolization and DNA fragmentation while keeping other parameters stable.CONCLUSIONS: AD-MSCSs-CM improves sperm quality, and hence can be used in treating infertility and subsequently enhancing IVF outcomes.

Suivi a long terme des cancers du sein reveles par microcalcifications sans tumeur palpable

routine screening mammography. Microcalcifications are the most frequent radiological feature. Between 1964 and 1994, 789 breast cancers revealed by clustered micro calcifications without palpable mass were treated at Institute Curie. Patients who had a past history of breast cancer or a contralateral cancer were eliminated like those with lobular carcinoma in situ. The definitive treatment was decided on the margins of the initial excision and the presence of microcalcifications on postoperative mammograms. Mean follow-up of the patients was 77 months [9-358]. The treatment was conservative in 49.5% and radical in 50.5%, Histologically, 43.5% of the lesions were intraductal carcinoma, 25.5% were microinvasive and 31% were infiltrating cancers. Five and ten years overall survival were 98% and 92.5% respectively, 50% of the patients died from their breast cancer. This survival was identical for intraductal, microinvasive and invasive carcinomas without lymph node metastasis, but was less favorable in patients with node metastasis. There were no survival differences for the two treatment modalities although local recurrences were more frequent in the conservative one. The 5-year recurrence rate was 3.5% for intraductal subtype, 4.4%] for microinvasive and 6% for invasive cancers. The difference was not statistically significant. concldsion: Under the impact of mammogniphic screening, sizable proportions of breast cancer patients are being seen in a totally nonpalpable state with either a very small invasive, microinvasive or intraductal breast cancer. These lesions have an excellent prognosis, and can benefit from less aggressive treatments. In the case of diffuse microcalcifications, where a radical treatment is indicated, skin sparing mastectomy can be easily done followed by immediate reconstructive surgery