Résumé
Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal (Fam. Solanaceae) commonly known as Ashwagandha has been used in traditional Indian medicine system from ancient times. Roots of the plant are being used in the preparation of many Ayurvedic medicines for treatment of many diseases. Many compounds have been reported and isolated from the roots, which mainly consists of withanolides, (steroidal lactones). In present study, the roots of 25 diverse W. somnifera genotypes were collected and evaluated for morphological parameters, such as root length, root diameter and dry root yield. Total alkaloids, crude fibers and starch content were also estimated from the dried roots of these accessions. TLC and HPLC revealed the presence of withanolide A in the methanolic extract of roots from diverse genotypes. Quantification through reverse-phase HPLC revealed varied concentrations of withanolide A in different genotypes grown under field conditions. Accumulation of withanolide A was reported highest in the genotype UWS-59 makes this genotype superior for medicinal use.
Résumé
ABSTRACT Mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) also known as green gram is an important source of protein in the category of food legumes. In the present study, SSR marker is used to analyze the genetic diversity amongst 23 genotypes of mungbean. Out of a total of 10 primers used for SSR analysis revealed generation of 15 alleles. The number of alleles per locus ranged from one (CEDG006, CEDG010, CEDG050, CEDG088, CEDG092 and CEDG232) to three (CEDG 214), with an average of 1.5 allele per primer. The index for expected heterozygosity was 0.29 ranging from 0.15 to 0.49 revealed a deficit in heterozygosity. The size of amplification products varied in case of each primer and the range was found to be 100 bp to 190 bp. 13 out of 15 alleles were found polymorphic. The average PIC value of SSR marker was found to be 0.205. The value of Jaccard's similarity coefficient had ranged from 0.28-1.00 with an average value of 0.64. The dendrogram constructed on SSR molecular marker data through UPGMA method and PCA using average linkage, had enabled grouping of the genotypes into three main clusters. Clustering pattern based on SSR marker data clearly indicated the narrow genetic base of mungbean genotypes that emphasizes the need to explore and exploit more number of germplasm from additional source to study genetic variation in mungbean for genetic improvement. The results indicated the marked usefulness of SSR in the assessment of genetic diversity in mungbean crop.