The significance of urine N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase in kidney injury with patients acute paraquat poisoning / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>To test the hypothesis that urine N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) is a nearly biomarker for acute kidney injury in patients with acute paraquat poisoning.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty-four patients with paraquat intoxication and 40 age and gender-matched healthy control participants were recruited. The urine N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase was determined by spectrophotometric methods.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The urine N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase activities in the patients with paraquat poisoning were higher than the corresponding values in the control participants (P<0.01); The prevalence rate of mortality was significantly higher in subjects with N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase activities ≥25 U/g Cr than in those N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase activities <25 Ulg Cr (34.4% vs 16.7%, P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The urine N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase could be used as an early biomarker for acute kidney injury and predictor of mortality inpatients with acute paraquat intoxication.</p>

Diagnostic value of automated breast volume scanner in high-risk and small breast lesions / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the accuracy of detection by automated breast volume scanner (ABVS) in diagnosis of high-risk and small breast lesions.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and twelve patients with solid high-risk and small breast lesions were identified by ABVS. The patients were divided into benign lesion group and cancer group after pathological examination. The clinicopathological findings and ultrasonographic features of the lesions were compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among the 112 lesions there were 49 benign and 63 malignant lesions. The mean size on ABVS and pathology were (1.59 ± 0.52) cm and (1.52 ± 0.58) cm. There was no significant difference in tumor sizes determined by ABVS and pathology (P = 0.194). The mean age of patients with benign lesions was (38.5 ± 7.4) years and that of malignant lesions was (52.4 ± 13.6) years, showing a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.001) . The mass shape, orientation, margin, lesion boundary, echo pattern, calcification, BI-RADS category and retraction phenomenon were significantly different of the malignant and benign masses (P < 0.05). But there was no significant difference in the location of lesions and posterior acoustic features (P > 0.05) . Retraction phenomenon was significantly associated with pathological type and histologic grade of the breast cancer (P < 0.01). The specificity, sensitivity and accuracy of retraction phenomenon were 100% (46/46), 73.0% (46/63), and 84.8% (95/112), respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>ABVS provides advantages of better size prediction of high-risk and small breast lesions. Furthermore, the retraction phenomenon in coronal plane shows high specificity and sensitivity in detecting breast cancer.</p>

Vacuum-assisted biopsy and wire localization for the diagnosis of non-palpable breast lesions / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the effectiveness and accuracy of the use of vacuum-assisted biopsy (VAB) versus wire localization (WL) in the diagnosis of non-palpable breast lesions (NPBL).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Ninety-seven consecutive women with NPBL were randomized into VAB group and WL group. All specimens were identified by mammography. The patients were requested to score the cosmetic appearance of their breast after operation, and a numerical rating scale was used to measure pain on the first postoperative day. Underestimation rates for atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) were recorded if open surgical biopsy revealed DCIS and invasive cancer, respectively. Clear margins were also recorded in the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>VAB and WL located all the NPBL successfully. In the VAB group, the specimen volume was smaller than that of the WL group (2.3 cm(3) vs. 18.4 cm(3), P = 0.03). Underestimation rates of ADH and DCIS in the VAB group were 16.7% and 11.1%, respectively. The diagnostic accordance rate of VAB was 97.9%, the false negative rate was 2.1%, and there was no false positive case. The means of the numerical rating pain scale were different in both groups (1.7 for VAB vs. 2.5 for WL, P = 0.02). When cosmetic results were taken into account, 40 VAB patients had excellent outcomes and 8 good outcomes, compared with 25 excellent and 24 good for the WL group. There were better cosmetic outcomes with the VAB procedure (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>VAB is highly reliable and may avoid diagnostic open surgery in the majority of patients with benign lesions. However, because of the underestimation of histologic diagnosis and tumor margin involvement, VAB can not be used to completely substitute wire localization.</p>