A Case of Dural Arteriovenous Fistula of Superior Sagittal Sinus presented with ReVersible Dementia

A 58-years-old man came to the hospital because of progressive intellectual deterioration, gait disturbance and postural instability for 6 months. Neuropsychological tests showed severe impairment of memory and executive functions, and dural arteriovenous fistula of the superior sagittal sinus (dAVF of SSS) was found on brain MRI and angiography. The symptoms were markedly improved after selective transvascular embolization treatments. Even though the dAVF of SSS is a rare cause of dementia, we suggest that it can be one of the treatable causes of dementia.

A Case of Leigh Syndrome with Typical MRI and MRS Findings

Leigh syndrome (LS) is a genetically and clinically heterogeneous disorder caused by metabolic defects affecting lactate/pyruvate metabolism. The consequence of the metabolic defects are decreased amounts of APT and basic cell energy productions of the nervous system. In LS, several mutations have been reported in both the nuclear and the mitochondrial genome. Here, we report a 26-year-old woman clinically diagnosed with LS having characteristic brain MR and MRS abnormalities but without known definite pathogenetic mitochondrial DNA mutations.

Five Cases of Foreign Bodies in the Bladder / 대한비뇨기과학회지

Most foreign bodies in the urinary bladder are self-introduced through the urethra as a means of masturbation. Our five cases of self-introduced foreign bodies in the bladder are summarized below. Case 1 : 28-year-old male. A plastic tube of 32cm. in length was introduced into the bladder during masturbation 8 days prior to 3dmission. A Lowsley foreign body forceps was used to remove it. Case 2 : 16-year-old male. Patient stated that a coiled wire was introduced into the bladder for the purpose of masturbation 2 years ago. A stone was formed over the wire as a nucleus and this stone was removed through the suprapubic cystotomy. Case 3 : 15-year-old male. A metal tip of the screw-driver was slipped through the urethra into the bladder during masturbation . Next day it was removed with the grasping cystoscopic forceps. Case 4 : l9-year-old male. Patient stated that a wire of 15cm. in length was introduced into the bladder for the purpose of masturbation. 5 years later, a stone was found on cystoscopy and this stone was removed surgically. Case 5 27-year-old female. Patient stated that an earpick cleaner was introduced into the bladder during masturbation. A No. 5Fr. flexible stem foreign body cystoscopic forceps was introduced into the bladder through the McCarthy panendoscope and this earpick cleaner was removed easily.