Discussion on whether ethics committee should serve as the review subject of compassionate drug use / 中国医学伦理学

Under the premise that the relevant laws and regulations in China do not specify the review subject of compassionate drug use,it is controversial who should bear the responsibility for the review and approval.This paper summarized and elaborated on the characteristics of compassionate drug use,and discussed the responsibilities,professionalism,and necessity of review of the ethics committee.It is believed that the ethics committee should serve as the review subject of compassionate drug use,and focus on doctor qualifications,risk-benefit ratio,informed consent forms,and conflicts of interest.

Effect of hypothyroidism on c-fos and c-jun mRNA expression in testes of rats / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective This study aims to define the effects of hypothyroidism on c-fos and c-jun mRNA expression in rat testes to provide a theoretical basis for prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD). Methods According to body weight (200 - 240 g), 20 Wistar male rats were divided into control group and hypothyroidism group (1 ml/100 g, 0.1% propylthiouracil by intragastric administration) by digital table. There were 10 male rats in each group and body weight was observed every 3 days. After 60 days, all rats were killed. The levels of thyroid hormones [total triiodothyronine (TT3), total thyroxine (TT4), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)] were measured by radioimmunoassay. The mRNA expression levels of c-fos and c-jun in testes were detected by real-time quantitative PCR. Results Compared with control groups [(298.20 ± 12.15), (344.00 ± 13.73) g], the weights of hypothyroidism groups in 30 days [(239.00 ± 15.02) g] and in 60 days [(232.67 ± 17.86) g] were significant decreased (t=7.704, 11.380, all P<0.05). The levels of TT3 [(373.32 ± 101.31) ng/L] and TT4 [(4.00 ± 0.89) × 103 ng/L] in serum of hypothyroidism group were found to be significantly decreased, whereas the level of TSH [(5.77 ± 0.89) × 103 U/L] was increased in comparison with those of the control groups [(1 000.01 ± 273.53) ng/L, (44.33 ±7.84) × 103 ng/L, (1.87 ± 0.70) × 103 U/L, t = 5.262, 12.520, 8.413, all P< 0.05]. Compared with control group (1.00 ± 0.08, 1.01 ± 0.04), the c-fos and c-jun mRNA expression (0.67 ± 0.03, 0.75 ± 0.02) of hypothyroidism group was significant decreased (t = 12.382, 13.784, all P < 0.05). Conclusion Hypothyroidism may reduce mRNA expression levels of testicular c-fos and c-jun, and then damage the reproductive system in male rats.