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Backgroung: hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. There are very few studies comparing the neurodevelopmental outcomes in neonates with moderate to severe HIE who received and not received TH. Objective was assessment of neurodevelopmental outcome between TH and non-TH group till last follow-up.Methods: Hospital Based Prospective study. All term neonates with Moderate to severe birth asphyxia with HIE who received TH and not received TH, admitted in NICU of BalChikitsalay, RNTMC, Udaipur, consenting for the study were followed up at age 3-6 month, 6-12 month, 12-18 month and 18-24 month from September 2018 to February 2021 and neurodevelopment outcome was assessed.Results: 70 neonates with birth asphyxia HIE II / III were included in the study, 35 in TH group and 35 in non-TH group. Out of 70 babies enrolled 46 (65.7%) were having normal development and 24 (34.3%) were having development delay. Out of 46 who were having development delay 6 (17.4%) were of TH group and 18 (51.4%) were of non-TH group. Most of the babies of TH group i.e., 30 (85.7%) were neurodevelopmentally normal and 5 (14.3%) were having some neurodevelopmental abnormality. In non-TH group 15 (42.8%) were normal and 20 (57.2%) were having some neurodevelopmental abnormality.Conclusions: Results of the study showed significantly better outcome in infant who received therapeutic hypothermia than those who did not.
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Background: Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome is a disease affecting preterm neonates caused by insufficient pulmonary surfactant in alveoli. The reported case fatality rate is 57 to 89% in low- and middle-income countries. As there is very scanty data regarding the studies on MIST technique in India, we have generated data in our institution to compare the morbidity and mortality profile in preterm babies with RDS treated with MIST and InSurE technique. Objective was to evaluate effect of technique of surfactant administration (MIST vs. InSurE) on morbidity and mortality profile of preterm neonates treated for RDS.Methods: A Randomised controlled trial, was done on preterm neonates <34 weeks of gestation with RDS admitted in NICU between January 2020 to January 2021 who required surfactant administration. All the neonates who were fulfilling inclusion criteria after taking informed consent were randomized by colour coded chits and allotted into two groups namely Group A (MIST) & Group B (Conventional- InSurE technique).Results: A total of 100 newborns with RDS were included in the study. Among them 50 were treated with MIST and 50 with InSurE. In the present study, there is no statistically significant differences in morbity among both the study groups but there is a statistically significant difference in the incidence of mortality between two groups that is more among InSurE group.Conclusions: MIST technique is having similar morbidity profile in comparison to InSurE technique, but mortality rate is less in MIST than InSurE group.
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Background: Fever is the most common complain of a child presenting to a health care setting. A prolonged fever however, is an intriguing challenge for clinicians and remains overly medicated and inappropriately worked up, provided a systemic approach is not followed. Our study aims to find the etiologic diagnosis in these cases of prolonged fever.
Methods: The present study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in southern Rajasthan over a period of 12 months from November 2021 to October 2022. Our descriptive, observational study enrolled 150 children who were prospectively followed during their stay in hospital. Each patient was subjected to a set of mandatory investigations followed by other investigations as per the diagnostic clues. Patients were monitored closely during their course of stay until discharge, at which the final diagnosis was charted.
Results: A diagnosis could be reached for 138 patients (92%) and in 12 patients (8%), the cause of fever remained undiagnosed until discharge/death. Out of the 138 patients diagnosed, 118 patients (85.5%, 78.6% overall) had an infection as the cause of fever and 20 cases (14.49%,13.3% overall) had a non-infective etiology.
Conclusions: Infections are the most common cause of prolonged fever in pediatric population - tuberculosis being the most frequent infection. Hematological malignancies were found as an emerging cause of prolonged fever in our study.