Solitary tubercular renal cyst in a postpartum lady masquerading as an infected giant renal cyst with urosepsis

Renal tuberculosis presenting as renal cyst is rare. Diagnosing renal tuberculosis in pregnancy is usually delayed due to its atypical presentation. We present a 28-year-old postpartum lady who delivered a healthy baby one month back, with history of intermittent fever and chills. She had high spiking fever (102° F), tachycardia (130/min) and computed tomography showed a 16 × 10 cm right renal cyst. Percutaneous drainage was done, 2 litres of thick pus drained and culture was sterile. After three weeks, deroofing and marsupialization of cyst was done. Biopsy revealed granulomatous inflammation composed of epitheliod histiocytes with central incipient necrosis suggestive of tuberculosis. She was treated with anti-tubercular drugs. As the infant was healthy and had no evidence of tuberculosis, no treatment was initiated. The mother is on follow up for 2 years. This case highlights the rare presentation of renal tuberculosis in puerperium.

Expression of L-Selectin in Peripheral Blood Leukocytes of Crossbred Cows Affected with Subclinical Mastitis

L-Selectin (SELL) linked with innate immune mechanism involved in neutrophil migration through endothelium to the site of inflammation. Early recruitment of neutrophils at the site of infection is essential to counteract infection at the earliest in conditions like sub-clinical mastitis (SCM). The present study was framed to evaluate the expression pattern of SELL in naturally occurring SCM in crossbred animals using real time PCR technique. Analysis of data on total leukocyte count indicated leucocytosis condition in SCM affected crossbred cows. Relative expression of SELL on peripheral blood leukocytes revealed a significant 3.16 folds down regulation in SCM affected cows when compared with healthy crossbred cows (P<0.05). The possible reason for leukocytosis in SCM animals might be due to down regulation of SELL on leukocytes reducing their ability to transmigrate through blood vessel to infection site. The result of present study revealed a definite role of SELL in SCM which could be explored for therapeutic aspects in near future

Controlled Reproduction along with Crossbreeding for Genetic Up-gradation of Non-descriptive Goats

The present study was aimed on the genetic improvement of non-descriptive goats through estrus synchronization and by crossbreeding with Beetal goats they were reported to be a good milker, having higher body weight and dressing percentage. AVIKESIL-S, indigenously developed progesterone intra-vaginal sponges were utilized for estrus synchronization in does maintained at livestock farm complex, Veterinary College, Hassan. Response to estrus synchronization was noticed in all the does (100%) under study, irrespective of the genetic background. Natural service was practised with three mating designs ie. G1-Beetal × Beetal, G2-Beetal × non-descriptive, G-3 non-descriptive × non-descriptive. Pregnancy test was performed with ultrasonography at 45 days post-mating. The conception rates in does of G1, G2 and G3 groups were 87.5, 87.5, and 75.0% respectively. Kidding rate were 85.7, 85.7 and 100.0% in G1, G2 and G3 groups, respectively. Litter sizes were 1.5, 1 and 1 in G1, G2 and G3 groups, respectively. Average birth weight in G1, G2 and G3 groups were 3.82±0.20, 2.82±0.12 and 2.00±0.09 kg, respectively and average daily gain in G1, G2 and G3 groups were 42.86±1.69, 33.81±1.28, and 33.57±0.87 g, respectively. Better growth performances were noticed up to 3 months of study period in G1 and G2 compared to G3 groups. It could be concluded that combined utilization of ES technology and crossbreeding in non-descriptive goats would provide superior kids for bulk marketing and ease management by avoiding dispersed kidding. Also more number of animals would be available for selection thus increasing the selection intensity their by improving the genetic improvement

Cross sectional study on nutritional status among elderly people in the rural community of Pondicherry.

Introduction: Food intake is diminished among old age people due to ill health, disability, co-morbid condition. Hence the quality of life of elderly affects nutrition & protein deficiency contributes to high percentage of DALY. Objectives: To know the calorie deficiency and nutritional status among elderly people Material and methods: This was a cross sectional and community based study done on 300 elderly people among 17079 in rural village of Puducherry during march and April 2015. Data were collected by two methods (questionnaire,basic anthropometry measurement) at their residence. Data was analysed for calorie deficiency and body mass index. Results: There were equal number of men and women. Sixty percent of the subjects were aged between 60-70 years and 7% were aged more than 80 years. Caloric deficit was more in males than females and 35% of them were either overweight or obese according to body mass index. Conclusion: There were no serious micro nutrient deficiency individuals but more than 35% are already obese/ overweight and 50% are suffering from age related problems. The rehabilitation service of old age group is strongly recommended in order to give quality of life.

Growth response of Casuarina equisetifolia Forst. rooted stem cuttings to Frankia in nursery and field conditions.

Casuarina equisetifolia Forst. is a tree crop that provides fuel wood, land reclamation, dune stabilization, and scaffolding for construction, shelter belts, and pulp and paper production. C. equisetifolia fixes atmospheric nitrogen through a symbiotic relationship with Frankia, a soil bacterium of the actinobacteria group. The roots of C. equisetifolia produce root nodules where the bacteria fix atmospheric nitrogen, which is an essential nutrient for all plant metabolic activities. However, rooted stem cuttings of elite clones of C. equisetifolia by vegetative propagation is being planted by the farmers of Pondicherry as costeffective method. As the vegetative propagation method uses inert material (vermiculite) for rooting there is no chance for Frankia association. Therefore after planting of these stocks the farmers are applying 150 kg of di-ammonium phosphate (DAP)/acre/year. To overcome this fertilizer usage, the Frankia-inoculated rooted stem cuttings were propagated under nursery conditions and transplanted in the nutrient-deficient soils of Karaikal, Pondicherry (India), in this study. Under nursery experiments the growth and biomass of C. equisetifolia rooted stem cuttings inoculated with Frankia showed 3 times higher growth and biomass than uninoculated control. These stocks were transplanted and monitored for their growth and survival for 1 year in the nutrient-deficient farm land. The results showed that the rooted stem cuttings of C. equisetifolia significantly improved growth in height (8.8 m), stem girth (9.6 cm) and tissue nitrogen content (3.3 mg g−1) than uninoculated controls. The soil nutrient status was also improved due to inoculation of Frankia.

Genetics for the ophthalmologist

The eye has played a major role in human genomics including gene therapy. It is the fourth most common organ system after integument [skin, hair and nails], nervous system, and musculoskeletal system to be involved in genetic disorders. The eye is involved in single gene disorders and those caused by multifactorial etiology. Retinoblastoma was the first human cancer gene to be cloned. Leber hereditary optic neuropathy was the first mitochondrial disorder described. X-Linked red-green color deficiency was the first X-linked disorder described. The eye, unlike any other body organ, allows directly visualization of genetic phenomena such as skewed X-inactivation in the fundus of a female carrier of ocular albinism. Basic concepts of genetics and their application to clinical ophthalmological practice are important not only in making a precise diagnosis and appropriate referral, but also in management and genetic counseling

Infectivity analysis of two variable DNA B components of Mungbean yellow mosaic virus-Vigna in Vigna mungo and Vigna radiata.

Mungbean yellow mosaic virus-Vigna (MYMV-Vig), a Begomovirus that causes yellow mosaic disease, was cloned from field-infected blackgram (Vigna mungo). One DNA A clone (KA30) and five different DNA B clones (KA21, KA22, KA27, KA28 and KA34) were obtained. The sequence identity in the 150-nt common region (CR) between DNA A and DNA B was highest (95%) for KA22 DNA B and lowest (85.6%) for KA27 DNA B. The Rep-binding domain had three complete 11-nt (5'-TGTATCGGTGT-3') iterons in KA22 DNA B (and KA21, KA28 and KA34), while the first iteron in KA27 DNA B (5'-ATCGGTGT-3') had a 3-nt deletion. KA27 DNA B, which exhibited 93.9% CR sequence identity to the mungbean-infecting MYMV, also shared the 3-nt deletion in the first iteron besides having an 18-nt insertion between the third iteron and the conserved nonanucleotide. MYMV was found to be closely related to KA27 DNA B in amino acid sequence identity of BV1 (94.1%) and BC1 (97.6%) proteins and in the organization of nuclear localization signal (NLS), nuclear export signal (NES) and phosphorylation sites. Agroinoculation of blackgram (V. mungo) and mungbean (V. radiata) with partial dimers of KA27 and KA22 DNA Bs along with DNA A caused distinctly different symptoms. KA22 DNA B caused more intense yellow mosaic symptoms with high viral DNA titre in blackgram. In contrast, KA27 DNA B caused more intense yellow mosaic symptoms with high viral DNA titre in mungbean. Thus, DNA B of MYMVVig is an important determinant of host-range between V. mungo and V. radiata.