Résumé
Objective To investigate the current status of radiation protection in non-medical radiation workplaces in Yantai, China, and to provide a scientific basis for occupational health management in non-medical radiation workplaces. Methods Non-medical radiation workplaces in Yantai were investigated using a questionnaire survey in 2022, including radiation source term, occupational health examination, personal dose monitoring, personal protective equipment, and radiation protection testing workplaces. Data were entered by a double-entry method and then analyzed. Results There were 56 non-medical radiation workplaces in Yantai, covering manufacturing, nonferrous metal ore mining, nuclear power plant, transportation, and technical services. There were 0 Class I radiation device, 150 Class II radiation devices, and 10 Class III radiation devices; there were 80 Class I radiation sources, 16 Class II radiation sources, 14 Class III radiation sources, 62 Class IV radiation sources, and 135 Class V radiation sources. There were 998 radiation workers, with an occupational health examination rate and personal dose monitoring rate of 98.3%. Among the 56 non-medical radiation workplaces, 47 (83.9%) were equipped with radiation protection monitoring instruments, 24 (51.1%) workplaces had verified the radiation protection monitoring instruments, with 2017 personal dose monitoring instruments and 2327 personal protective equipment in place, 42 (75%) workplaces carried out occupational health assessments, 44 (78.6%) workplaces carried out self-detection, and 53 (94.6%) workplaces carried out entrusting detections (monitoring pass rate: 100% [53/53]). The declaration rate of occupational hazard items was 87.5% (49/56). Conclusion There is still a gap between the current status and the requirements in the national regulations and standards regarding radiation protection in non-medical radiation workplaces. Therefore, the supervision and management of non-medical radiation workplaces should be further strengthened, especially the configuration and verification of radiation protection monitoring instruments.
Résumé
Objective@#To understand influencing factors on workers' personal protective equipment (PPE) usage, and provide a basis for standardizing the PPE use in the city.@*Methods@#The basic information of workers exposed to occupational hazards in a municipal area was imported into SPSS 18.0 and numbered sequentially in May 2018. A simple random sampling method was used to select 1 678 workers as the research object, and then a questionnaire survey was conducted from June to July 2018. In the valid questionnaires collected, workers who self-rated as "full-time correct use of PPE" and were approved by occupational health managers of employing units were included in the "correct use group" and others in the "incorrect use group". χ2 test was used to analyze the PPE use of different factors, and binary unconditional logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors.@*Results@#1547 valid questionnaires were collected in this study, including 803 workers correctly used PPE at full time (51.9%) , and other workers never used or occasionally used PPE. There were statistical difference of PPE usage rate among workers of different sex, industry and wage type (P<0.05) . Occupational health supervisors setting example in PPE usage (β=0.368) , workmates using PPE correctly and reminding PPE usage (β=0.891) , posting warning specifications of occupational hazards (β=0.361) , setting up "safe man" at the entrance of workshop (β=0.585) , WeChat and other new media on occupational health knowledge propaganda (β=0.536) , punishing incorrect usage of PPE (β=0.252) 、sex (β=-0.512) and wage type (β=-0.203) are influencing factors affecting the usage of PPE.@*Conclusion@#PPE usage rate of the occupational population in the city is still fairly low, and the PPE usage is influenced by a variety of factors. Comprehensive measures should be taken by employers to ensure using PPE to protect workers' occupational health.