Atividade física em idosos: uma revisão sistemática baseada no International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) / Physical activity in older adults: a systematic review based on the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ)

A importância e os benefícios das atividades físicas para a população idosa estão bem documentados na literatura da área. Porém, a utilização de métodos e instrumentos de medidas da atividade física é bem diversificada, e os questionários têm sido os mais empregados. O objetivo da investigação é analisar, por meio da revisão sistemática, o nível de atividade física em idosos mensurados pelo International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). O estudo caracterizou-se por uma revisão sistemática da literatura orientada pela busca nas seguintes bases de dados: SciELO, LILACS e PubMED, no período de 2000 a 2010. Para tanto, os descritores selecionados, em português e inglês, foram: idosos, atividade física, questionário nternacional de atividade física (IPAQ), questionário, medida indireta e estudo transversal. Seguindo as diferentes etapas da revisão sistemática, a busca inicial deu conta de 635 artigos (artigos não duplicados nas bases), resultando 7 publicações para a análise final. A seleção dos artigos foi feita a partir de uma revisão pareada, alternada e consensual. Evidenciou-se que a maioria (6) dos artigos analisados que utilizou o IPAQ para avaliar o nível de atividade física em idosos encontrou uma prevalência maior de idosos considerados mais ativos.

The importance and benefits of physical activity in the elderly are well documented in literature. However, the use of methods and instruments for measurement of physical activity is well diversified, and questionnaires have been the most used. Therefore, the aim of this study is to analyze, by systematic review, the level of physical activity in older adults, measured by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The investigation was characterized by a systematic review of the literature, guided by the search in the following databases: SciELO, LILACS and PubMED, in the period from 2000 to 2010. To this end, the selected descriptors, in Portuguese and English, were: elderly, physical activity, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), questionnaire, indirect measurement and cross-sectional study. Following the different steps of the systematic review, the initial search covered 635 articles (non-duplicate articles in the databases), resulting in 7 publications for final analysis. The selection of articles was made from a paired, alternating and consensual review. It became evident that the majority of the articles analyzed that used the IPAQ to evaluate physical activity in older adults found a higher prevalence of elderly people considered more active.

Formação profissional para atuação em projetos sociais: no foco a formação de professores no"Programa Segundo Tempo" / Training teachers to perform in social projects: focusing on the 'Second Half Program' / Formación profesional para actuación em proyectos sociales: en foco la formación de profesores en el Programa Segundo Tiempo

O estudo apresenta uma reflexão sobre a formação profissional de professores de Educação Física e/ou Esporte para a atuação em projetos do "Programa Segundo Tempo" (PST) do Ministério do Esporte, coordenado pela Secretaria Nacional de Esporte Educacional (SNEED). Para isso, propõe uma discussão teórica sobre o perfil do professor para uma intervenção profissional em projetos sociais e reflexões sobre a configuração do professor de Educação Física e/ou Esporte para atuar profissionalmente no PST. Para finalizar, comenta alguns desafios da equipe de professores formadores de professores de Educação Física e/ou Esporte para atuarem nos projetos do PST

The present study presents some thoughts on how to enable physical education and/or sports activities teachers to perform in the "Second Half" Projects - a program under the Ministry of Sports -, coordinated by the National Board of Sports in Education (Secretaria Nacional de Esporte Educacional - SNEED). To attain this aim, a theoretical discussion is proposed about the profile a teacher should have in order to intervene professionally in social projects, and some thoughts are presented on the configuration of the Physical Education and/or Sport Activities teacher so that he/she can perform professionally in "Second Half" Projects. Finally, it comments on some challenges the team of trainers of physical Education and/or Sports activities teachers had to face in the process of preparing those teachers to perform in "Second Half Projects"

El estudio presenta una reflexión sobre la formación profesional de profesores de Educación Física e/o Deporte para la actuación en proyectos del Programa Segundo Tiempo (PST) del Ministerio del Deporte, coordinado por la Secretaría Nacional de Deporte Educacional (SNEED). Para tanto, propone una discusión teórica sobre el perfil del profesor para una intervención profesional en proyectos sociales y reflexiones sobre la configuración del profesor de Educación Física e/o Deporte para actuar profesionalmente en el PST. Para finalizar, comenta algunos desafíos del equipo de profesores formadores de profesores de Educación Física e/o Deporte paraactuar en los proyectos del PST

Osteoprotegerin in rheumatoid arthritis

Objective: To evaluate serum and synovial fluid levels of osteoprotegerin [OPG] in patients with rheumatoid arthritis [RA]; to correlate these values with disease activity variables, radiological bone damage, and DEXA results

Methodology: Twenty female RA patients and ten age-matched healthy female subjects were enrolled in this study. Serum and synovial fluid OPG levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Bone status was evaluated using dual x-ray absorptiometry [DEXA] and plain X-ray of the affected joints

Results: RA patients had significantly higher levels of serum OPG than controls [p<0.001]. No significant correlation was found between serum OPG and erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, rheumatoid factor and disease duration [p>0.05]. OPG serum levels were positively correlated with age in both groups [p<0.001]. A significant difference in serum OPG level was found between patients with and without erosions [p=0.008]. RA patients had significantly lower BMD values than controls [p< 0.05]. There was a highly significant correlation between serum OPG level and BMD values [p<0.001]. Mean synovial fluid. OPG level was higher than serum OPG level obtained from the same patient, but with no statistical significance [p>0.05]

Conclusion: Bone loss in RA patients is associated with higher serum and synovial fluid levels of OPG than in healthy subjects, which might be the result of a compensatory production of OPG, yet there was lack of compensatory age-related increase of OPG serum levels

Serum insulin like growth factor 1 and insulin like growth factor binding protein 1 in primary antiphospholipid syndrome

To study maternal serum concentrations of insulin growth factor [IGF-I] and insulin growth factor binding protein [IGFBP-1] in women with primary antiphospholipid syndrome [PAPS]. A prospective study. Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ain Shams University. Ten women with Primary Antiphospholipid Syndrome [PAPS] and Ten normal pregnant women were included in this prospective study. The mean age for both groups did not show significant difference. Patients with PAPS delivered earlier and with a lower birth weight. The difference between both groups were significant for both gestational age at labor and birth weight [p<0.0001]. Serum IGF-1 was lower in PAPS than the control group throughout pregnancy. The level of IGF-1 decreased significantly in the PAPS group [p<0.0001]. The level of IGF-1 increased significantly in the control group late in pregnancy [p=0.0317]. Serum IGFBP-1 was higher in the PAPS group than the control group in early and late pregnancy [p<0.0001]. The level of IGFBP-1 increased significantly in the PAPS group and in the control group [p<0.0001]. Primary Antiphospholipid Syndrome [PAPS] is associated with a progressive decrease in the levels of serum IGF-1 during pregnancy. The levels of IGFBP-1 increased in all pregnant women but were higher in patients with Primary Antiphospholipid Syndrome [PAPS]

Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide [anti-CCP] antibodies in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis children

To determine if anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies [Anti-CCP] can be detected in sera of with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis [JRA] patients and to study its clinical significance. Serum anti-CCP antibodies were measured with ELISA technique in 20 JRA patients. Thirty adult RA patients and 20 apparently healthy children were also included in the study. Correlations between anti-CCP, disease characteristics, medication and radiological damage were also determined in JRA patients. Anti-CCP was positive in 10% [2/20] of JRA patients and in about 67% [20/30] of adult RA patients while it was not detected in healthy children. The two JRA patients were girls with seropositive [IgM-RF] polyarticular subtype. There was a statistically significant difference in radiological damage and rheumatoid factor seropositivity between anti-CCP positive and negative JRA patients. On the other hand, disease duration, antinuclear antibody positivity and medication did not differ statistically between the previous two groups. Anti-CCP antibodies can be detected in the sera of JRA patients but less frequently present than adults with RA. Anti-CCP antibodies are exclusively present in the subset of seropositive polyarticular JRA