Single‑walled and multi‑walled carbon nanotubes based drug delivery system: Cancer therapy: A review.

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are advanced nano‑carrier for delivery of drugs especially anti‑cancer drugs. In the field of CNT‑based drug delivery system, both single‑walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multi‑walled nanotubes (MWCNTs) can be used for targeting anticancer drugs in tissues and organs, where the high therapeutic effect is necessary. Benefits of the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in drug delivery systems are; avoiding solvent usage and reducing the side effects. Therefore, the present review article described about achievement of SWCNTs and MWCNTs to deliver the anticancer drugs with different cancerous cell lines.

Tumefactive demyelinating lesions: A Clinicopathological correlative study.

Tumefactive demyelinating (TDL) lesions are focal zones of demyelination in the central nervous system and they often mimic the neuroimaging features of an intraxial neoplasm. In this report we describe the clinical, neuroimaging and neuropathological features of six cases of TDL. Only in two patients the neuroimaging features in MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) scans were suggestive of TDL while in the other four cases a diagnosis of glioma was suggested. In order to establish a confirmatory diagnosis neuronavigation/stereotactic biopsy was undertaken and the diagnosis of TDL was established in all six cases at histopathology. Two out of six patients did not respond to the conventional corticosteroid therapy and they were treated with plasma exchange. It is being concluded that neuronavigation biopsy, though provide only a small amount of tissue, and is extremely useful in making the diagnosis of TDL.

Hypoglycaemic and anti-oxidant activity of Salacia oblonga Wall. extract in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

The petroleum ether extract of the root bark of S. oblonga Wall. (Celastraceae) (SOB) was studied in streptozotocin (STZ) diabetic rats and anti-lipid peroxidative activity of the same was studied in the cardiac tissue. SOB prevented significantly the streptozotocin-induced hyperglycaemia and hypoinsulinaemia. It also produced a significant decrease in peroxidation products viz. thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (P < 0.001), conjugated dienes (P < 0.05), hydroperoxides (P < 0.001). The activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (P < 0.001), catalase (P < 0.001), GSHPxase and GSSGRase was found to be increased in the heart tissue of diabetic animals treated with SOB. These results suggest that S. oblonga root bark extract possesses anti-diabetic and anti-oxidative activity in streptozotocin-diabetic rats.