Inmunodetección de FHIT y E-cadherina en fibroadenomas y cáncer ductal y lobulillar de mama / Inmunodetection of FHIT and E-cadherin in fibroadenomas and ductal and lobular human breast cancer

En Chile, el cáncer es la segunda causa de muerte después de las enfermedades cardiovasculares. Los principales cánceres asociados a muerte en mujeres fueron mama, estómago, vesícula biliar, broncopulmonar y cérvico uterino. Alteraciones de las E-cadherinas han sido relacionadas con varios tipos de cáncer, ya que uno de los principales eventos involucrados con su disfunción es el gatillar la invasión y metástasis del tumor. La inactivación del gen CDH1 ha sido demostrada en el cáncer gástrico difuso y el cáncer de mama lobulillar. Asimismo, la inactivación del gen FHIT parece estar asociado con la progresión a neoplasias más agresivas. Se realizaron determinaciones inmunohistoquímicas (IHQ) en fibroadenomas mamarios y cánceres previamente diagnosticados por RE, RPg y Her2, mostrando positividad en todos los casos. La detección (IHQ) de la expresión de FHIT y E-cadherina en tejidos con patologías benignas y malignizados, puede aportar una importante información diagnóstica y pronóstica en el cáncer de mama.

In Chile, cancer is the second leading cause of death after cardiovascular diseases. The major death-related cancers in women were breast, stomach, gallbladder, lung and cervical cancer. Alterations of E-cadherin have been linked to various cancers, as one of the main events involved in its dysfunction is the trigger of tumor invasion and metastasis. CDH1 gene inactivation has been demonstrated in diffuse gastric cancer and lobular breast cancer. Furthermore, inactivation of the FHIT gene to be associated with progression to more aggressive tumors. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) determinations were performed in fibroadenomas and breast cancers previously diagnosed by ER, PgR and Her2, showing positivity in all cases. Immunohistochemical detection of FHIT and E-cadherin expression in tissues with benign disease and malignant, may provide an important diagnostic and prognostic information in breast cancer.

Determinación de los niveles de cortisol salival en una muestra de sujetos de Santiago de Chile / Salivary cortisol among subjects with and without Cushing syndrome

Background: Salivary cortisol measurement is recommended as a screening mea-sure when a Cushing Syndrome is suspected. Theproposed cut-offpointfor aprobable diagnosis is 0.16 ug/dL. Aim: To determine salivary cortisol concentrations during the day inpatients with and without Cushing syndrome and with depression. Material and Methods: Salivary cortisol was measured by competitive enzyme immuno assay (EIA), in samples obtained at 8:00,15:00 and 23:00 h in 78 patients without Cushing syndrome, aged 40 ± 15years (28 males), 30 patients with depression aged 40 ± 12years (nine males) and four jemales with Cushing syndrome aged 42 ± 17 years. Results: Salivary cortisol was higher among patients with Cushing syndrome than the rest of patients. A salivary cortisol over the cut-off value of O.16 ug/dL was found in 42 percent of subjects without Cushing syndrome and in 33 percent of patients with depression. Median values among patients without Cushing syndrome, depression and with Cushing syndrome were 0.21 (range < 0.1-1.42), 0.2 (range 0,12-0.9) and 0.58 (range 0.37-1.1) ug/dL, respectively Conclusions: Salivary cortisol measured by EIA method was higher among patients with Cushing syndrome but there was a great overlap with values obtained in subjects without the syndrome.