Morphological and Molecular Phylogenetic Data of the Chinese Medicinal Fungus Cordyceps liangshanensis Reveal Its New Systematic Position in the Family Ophiocordycipitaceae

A cordycipitoid fungus infecting Hepialidae sp. in Nepal was supposed to be identical to Cordyceps liangshanensis, originally described from southwestern China, and thus, transferred to the genus Metacordyceps or Papiliomyces in previous studies. However, our multi-gene (nrSSU-nrLSU-tef-1α-rpb1-rpb2) phylogenetic and morphological studies based on the type specimen and additional collections of C. liangshanensis revealed that the fungus belongs to the genus Ophiocordyceps (Ophiocordycipitaceae). Therefore, a new combination O. liangshanensis was made, and a detailed description of this species was provided.

Morphological and Molecular Phylogenetic Data of the Chinese Medicinal Fungus Cordyceps liangshanensis Reveal Its New Systematic Position in the Family Ophiocordycipitaceae

A cordycipitoid fungus infecting Hepialidae sp. in Nepal was supposed to be identical to Cordyceps liangshanensis, originally described from southwestern China, and thus, transferred to the genus Metacordyceps or Papiliomyces in previous studies. However, our multi-gene (nrSSU-nrLSU-tef-1α-rpb1-rpb2) phylogenetic and morphological studies based on the type specimen and additional collections of C. liangshanensis revealed that the fungus belongs to the genus Ophiocordyceps (Ophiocordycipitaceae). Therefore, a new combination O. liangshanensis was made, and a detailed description of this species was provided.

Internal loads of nutrients in Lake Chaohu of China: implications for Lake Eutrophication

This study investigated the impact of internal nitrogen and phosphorus loading on water quality of Lake Chaohu, China. Results showed that the overall mean concentration of TN and TP in lake water was 1.09 +/- 0.84 and 0.15 +/- 0.84 [SD] mg/L, respectively, indicating Lake Chaohu was highly eutrophic during the study period. Mean benthic flux of NH[4+], NO[3-], and PO[43-] were 3.56 +/- 1.52 mg N/m[2]/d, -0.14 +/- 0.40 mg N/m[2]/ d, and -1.54 +/- 21.94 micro g P/m[2]/d in summer and were 3.16 +/- 1.83 mg N/m[2]/d, -0.03 +/- 0.30 mg N/m[2]/d, and - 0.11 +/- 2.58 micro g P/m[2]/d in fall, respectively. In this study, lake sediments acted as both a source of NH[4+] and a sink of PO[4][3-]. A scenario was used to understand the role of sediments on lake water quality. Results showed that Lake Chaohu would be eutrophic within a month under the impact of internal NH[4+] loading when water was diverted to the lake. This indicates that an integrated project combining both a diversion project and dredging of sediments would be necessary for future lake restoration

Biodegradation of cypermethrin by a newly isolated actinomycetes HU-S-01 from wastewater sludge

A new cypermethrin degrading strain was isolated from wastewater sludge using enrichment technique. On the basis of morphological, physiological, biochemical characteristics tests and 16S rDNA sequence analysis, the strain was determined to be a Streptomyces species, probably a strain of Streptomyces parvulus, so it was designated as Streptomyces sp. HU-S-01. The strain Streptomyces sp.HU-S-01 is aerobic and optimum growth temperature for the strain was found to be 26-28°C with initial pH range 6.0-9.0 and pH 7.5 was found to be the optimum. This strain can also completely degrade 3-phenoxybenzoic acid within 96 h at the concentration of 50 mg/L. The kinetic constants Vmax, Km, Kcat and Kcat/ Km of enzyme for cypermethrin were 1.236 micro mol/min, 6.418 micro mol/mL, 13.493 min and 2.102 mL/mol.min, respectively. The degradation products of cypermethrin were identified using gas chromatograph-mass spectrometric [GC-MS] analysis. The degradation pathway followed by HU-S-01 involves oxidative as well as hydrolyzing. Biodegradation ability of strain Streptomyces sp. HU-S-01 without toxic byproducts reveals its potential for further study as a biological agent for the remediation of soil, water or crops, contaminated with cypermethrin

Correlation between p33ING1b cytoplasmic transfer and lymph node metastasis in oral squamous cell carcinoma

Oral squamous cell carcinoma is the sixth most common malignancy in the world today. ING1b/p33 is a newly-discovered tumor suppressor which enhances p53 activity. Transfer of p33 protein from nucleus to cytoplasmic compartment has been previously reported in leukemias. The objective of this study was to determine the correlation between p33ing1b cytoplasmic transfer and lymph node metastasis in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Fifty seven patients treated with surgery alone or surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy for primary oral squamous cell carcinoma were enrolled into this study. Immunohistochemical expression of all of the above-mentioned markers was studied. Analysis of the sections demonstrated that p53 and MDM2 were expressed in 45.6% and 68.4% of patients, respectively. p33ING1b nuclear expression was completely absent while cytoplasmic translocation was noted in 78.9% of cases. Positive cytoplasmic expression of p33ING1b correlated with increased risk of lymphatic metastasis [p=0.04]. No further correlation with overall disease recurrence or survival was noted. Apparently, p33ING1b cytoplasmic transfer correlates with lymph node metastasis in oral squamous cell carcinoma

Chemical constituents in root of Hemerocallis fulva / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the chemical constituents of the root of Hemerocallis fulva.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Compounds were isolated by repeated silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, MCI gel, etc. column chromatography and their structures were determined by spectral analyses and physicochemical properties.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>From the n-butanol fraction of the EtOH extract of the roots of H. fulva, 9 glycosides were isolated and identified as sweroside (1), laganin (2), picraquassioside C (3), puerarin (4), 3'-methoxypuerarin (5), 7-hydro xylnaphthalide-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (6), orcinol-3-O-beta-glucopyranoside (7), HN saponin F (8), hederagenin-3-0-beta D-glucopyranosyl-(1-3)-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside-28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester (9).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compounds 1-9 were isolated from the genus Hemerocallis for the first time.</p>