Study on knowledge, attitudes and practices of pulse oximetry among pediatric healthcare providers in China and their influencing factors / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective:To investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of pulse oximetry among pediatric healthcare providers in China and analyze the factor influencing the KAP.Methods:A self-developed questionnaire was used for an online research on the KAP of 11 849 pediatric healthcare providers from 31 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities of China from March 11 to 14, 2022.The factors influencing the KAP of pulse oximetry among pediatric healthcare providers were examined by Logistic regression. Results:The scores of KAP, of pulse oximetry were 5.57±0.96, 11.24±1.25 and 11.19±4.54, respectively.The corresponding scoring rates were 69.61%, 74.95%, and 55.99%, respectively. Logistic regression results showed that the gender and working years of pediatric healthcare providers, the region they were located, and whether their medical institution was equipped with pulse oximeters were the main factors affecting the knowledge score (all P<0.05). Main factors influencing the attitude score of pediatric healthcare providers included their knowledge score, gender, educational background, working years, region, medical institution level, and whether the medical institution was equipped with pulse oximeters (all P<0.05). For the practice score, the main influencing factors were the knowledge score, gender, age, and whether the medi-cal institution was equipped with pulse oximeters (all P<0.05). Conclusions:Chinese pediatric healthcare providers need to further improve their knowledge about and attitudes towards pulse oximetry.Pulse oximeters are evidently under-used.It is urgent to formulate policies or guidelines, strengthen education and training, improve knowledge and attitudes, equip more institutions with pulse oximeters, and popularize their application in medical institutions.

Expert consensus on clinical application of pulse oximetry in children / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Hypoxemia is a common complication of pneumonia, asthma, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia in children.Rapid identification of hypoxemia is of great significance for the disposal and management of critical children.Pulse oximetry is recognized by the World Health Organization as the best way to monitor hypoxemia in children, and it can monitor pulse oxygen saturation noninvasively and continuously.Based on the related literature at home and abroad, combined with the clinical needs of pediatrics, the " Expert consensus on clinical application of pulse oximetry in children" is formulated to improve the understanding of pediatricians and nurses on the application in pediatric clinical practice, principle, operation techniques, and limitations of pulse oximetry.

Progress of the possible mechanism of leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 affecting thyroid cancer via regulating autophagy / 肿瘤研究与临床

Thyroid cancer is the most common malignant tumor of the endocrine system, and the incidence is increasing year by year, which seriously threatens people's health. Autophagy is a programmed mode of death that can be used as a potential target for anti-tumor therapy and plays an important regulatory role. Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is a protein kinase encoded by PARK8 gene. The recent studies have confirmed that autophagy is closely related to thyroid cancer. This paper analyzes the possible regulatory mechanism of LRRK2 affecting thyroid cancer through autophagy, providing new ideas for basic research and clinical diagnosis and treatment of thyroid cancer.

Expert consensus on nucleic acid amplification test of respiratory pathogens in children / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Acute respiratory tract infection is the most common infectious disease in children, which seriously threatens children′s health.Rapid and accurate etiological diagnosis is of great significance for the clinical treatment and control of these diseases.Pathogen nucleic acid test was applied and became the main method of respiratory tract infection diagnosis for its high sensitivity and specificity.To regulate the application of pathogen nucleic acid amplification test in respiratory tract infection in children, improve the diagnosis level, expert consensus on nucleic acid amplification test of respiratory pathogens in children was prepared to guide the application and promote pathogens diagnosis ability.

Effect， Mechanism， and Active Ingredients of Medicinal and Edible Herbs Against Alzheimer's Disease： A Review / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Alzheimer's disease （AD） is a common degenerative disease of the central nervous system in the elderly， with memory impairment and behavioral changes as the main clinical manifestations. Modern research has demonstrated that many herbs with both medicinal and edible values have anti-oxidation and anti-aging activities. In addition， these herbs are naturally safe and play a role in disease prevention and health care. The 110 medicinal and edible herbs announced by the National Health Commission of the People's Republic ofChina in 2021 were studied. The relevant papers published in the last five years were searched against CNKI， VIP， Wanfang Data， PubMed and other databases. The effects， mechanism， and active ingredients of the medicinal and edible herbs against Alzheimer's disease were summarized. The results showed that more than 30 herbs including Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma， Curcumae Longae Rhizoma， Astragali Radix， Corni Fructus， Gastrodiae Rhizoma， Angelicae Sinensis Radix， Cistanches Herba， Croci Stigma， Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma， Ganoderma and their active ingredients were effective in the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Among them， ten herbs that met the requirements were screened out for analysis. The medicinal and edible herbs and their active ingredients can act on multiple targets and treat Alzheimer's disease via multiple signaling pathways such as nuclear factor-κB （NF-κB）， mitogen-activated protein kinase 5 （MEK5）/extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 （ERK5）， cytochrome C （CytC） and cysteine aspartate-specific protease （Caspase）-3/（Caspase）-9， Wnt/β-catenin， and brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF）/tyrosine kinase receptor B （TrkB）/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase （PI3K）/protein kinase B （Akt）， thus improving learning， cognitive ability， and memory ability. Most of the medicinal and edible herbs have the tropism to the heart， spleen， liver， and kidney meridians and tonifying effect.

Establishment of population pharmacokinetics model of vancomycin in patients with Neutropenia / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

AIM: To establish a population pharmacokinetics (PPK) model of vancomycin in patients with hematological diseases who developed neutropenia. METHODS: Patients from department of hematology with neutropenia in our hospital were taken into oue study.The patients (n=77) were performed trough and peak serum concentration of vancomycin, and their clinical data and medication information were collected. The Nonlinear mixed effect modeling approach (NONMEM) was used to establish the PPK model of those patients and model assessment and validation was carried out. Goodneess of fit plots and visual predictive check plus Bootstrap approach were used to assess validate our model. RESULTS: The model was a two compartment model, the final formulas were: clearance rate CL=6.84×(BW/70)

Progress of long non-coding RNA DANCR in thyroid cancer / 肿瘤研究与临床

Thyroid cancer is the most common head and neck malignant tumor, and its incidence is increasing year by year. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore the mechanism of the occurrence and development of thyroid cancer, and develop the diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets of thyroid cancer, so as to improve the curative effect of thyroid cancer and prolong the survival time of patients. The previous study has found that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) DANCR has abnormal high expression in thyroid cancer, which could promote the expression of leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) by affecting miRNA-185-5p and transcription factor SMARCB1, and indirectly participate in autophagy and regulate the development of thyroid cancer. LncRNA DANCR is expected to become a new target for diagnosis and treatment of thyroid cancer. This paper introduces the possible regulatory mechanism of lncRNA DANCR in thyroid cancer, and provides new ideas for the basic research and clinical diagnosis and treatment of thyroid cancer.

Progress of possible role of RP11-23J9.4-miRNA-15a-axis inhibiting factor 2-Wnt pathway in thyroid carcinoma / 肿瘤研究与临床

The occurrence of thyroid gland is easily affected by iodine deficiency, the enzyme defect, drugs, autoimmune and other factors. The increased incidence of thyroid cancer year by year has threatened the health of the human, which requires to study thyroid gland cancer invasion and metastasis, investigate the molecular mechanism of cancer metastasis, search the differential molecular expression gene, predict the metastatic biomarkers and the intervening treatment target molecule, in order to improve the cure rate and the survival rate. This paper reviews the possible role of long chain non-coding RP11-23J9.4-miRNA-15a-axis inhibiting factor 2-Wnt pathway in the occurrence, development and dedifferentiation of thyroid cancer.

Application of Individualized Dosage Auxiliary System JPKD and SmartDose in Individualization Administration of Vancomy- cin / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE： To evaluate the application of individualization dosage auxiliary system JPKD and SmartDose in individualization administration of vancomycin. METHODS： A retrospective study was conducted among adult inpatients in Hainan Provincial People’s Hospital from Apr. 2018 to Mar. 2019 with intravenous use of vancomycin. SmartDose was used to predict the steady blood trough concentration of vancomycin in the initial dosage regimen， and the absolute weight deviation and relative prediction error between the measured concentration and the predicted concentration were calculated. The effects of body mass index （BMI） and acute kidney injury （AKI） on absolute weight deviation were analyzed by χ2 test or continuously corrected χ2 test. Vancomycin drug delivery scheme was adjusted for patients with ungualified steady blood drug trough concentration. JPKD and SmartDose system were used to predict the blood concentration of vancomycin after adjusting the dosage regimen. The absolute weight deviation and relative prediction error between the measured concentration and the predicted concentration were calculated. The prediction ability of the two systems was evaluated and 3 examples was analyzed. RESULTS： Predicted steady blood trough blood concentration of 85 included patients in SmartDose predicted initial dosage regimen were （11.36±5.96） μg/mL （2.34-29.33   μg/mL）； the measured concentration was （11.44±6.57） μg/mL （3.10-29.50 μg/mL）； absolute weight deviation was 22.95％， and the relative prediction error was 2.72％. Whether BMI was normal or not had significant effects on the absolute weight deviation   （χ2＝4.75， P＝0.029）， and whether AKI occurred or not had no significant effects on the absolute weight deviation （χ2＝0.236， P＝0.627）. JPKD and SmartDose predicted that predicted steady blood trough concentrations of vancomycin in 22 included patients were （11.06±3.58） and （12.15±4.35） μg/mL， and the measured concentration was （12.57±4.50） μg/mL； absolute weight deviations were 18.30％ and 18.68％； relative prediction errors were －8.65％ and －0.44％， respectively. The absolute weight deviations of the predicted values of the two systems were less than 30％. The absolute weight deviations of prediction results were also less than 30％ in 3 patients. CONCLUSIONS： JPKD and SmartDose system have good predictive ability for blood concentration of vancomycin in clinical application， and can be used to optimize the individualized administration of vancomycin.

The role of Erastin in ferroptosis / 肿瘤研究与临床

Ferroptosis is a newly discovered form of cell death in recent years. Its essence is the cell peroxidation death caused by the accumulation of intracellular lipid reactive oxygen species (L-ROS) in a iron-dependent manner. As a highly efficient ferroptosis inducer, Erastin mediates ferroptosis through multiple molecules, such as cystine-glutamate transport receptor, voltage-dependent anion channel and p53. More importantly, Erastin can enhance the sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, so it can be used as a new type of anticancer drug. This article reviews the discovery of Erastin, the pathways of ferroptosis, the pathways of Erastin-induced ferroptosis, the anti-tumor characteristics of Erastin, and the latest domestic and international research results.

MRIfeaturesofgemistocyticastrocytoma / 实用放射学杂志

Objective ToexploretheMRIfeaturesanddifferentialdiagnosisofgemistocyticastrocytoma(GemA).Methods The MRIfeaturesof10casesofGemAprovedbysurgeryandpathologywereinvestigatedretrospectively(thelocationoftumor,tumor shape,boundary,signalandenhancement)andtheliteraturewasreviewed.Results All10casesofGemA weresupratentorialand solitary.Ofthese10cases,7caseswerelocatedinthefrontallobe,5casesinthetemporallobe,6casesinmultiplelobesandinvaded theoppositebraintissuesthroughcorpuscallosum.8casesweresolidGcystic,8casespresentedwithunclearboundary,only2cases hadclearboundary.Therewasnoedemaormildedemain7casesandobviousedemain3cases.Thesolidpartoftumorswereisointense orslighthypointenseonT1WI,only1caseshowedhighintensityonT1WI,isointenseorslighthyperintenseonT2WI.CTsuggested calcificationin2cases.6casesweremildlyenhanced,4casesweremarkedlyenhanced.MRSshowed(n＝4)thatCHopeakwasmildly ormoderatelyincreased,NAApeakwassignificantlyreduced,theaverageratioofCho/NAA was2.91.DWIshowedhyperintenseor slighthyperintense(n＝3),theADCaveragevalueoftumorROIwasabout(1.150±0.081)×10－3 mm2/s.1caseofSWIsequence showedthickeningandcircuitousvascularshadow.Conclusion AsMRIofGemAischaracterizedbyhighandlowgradegliomas,the preoperativediagnosisisdifficult.Combiningenhancementwithfunctionalexamination,itisexpectedtoimprovetheaccuracyofpreoperative diagnosisofGemA.

Epidemiological investigation of adenovirus pneumonia in children in Hunan province / 中国小儿急救医学

Objective@#To investigate the detection results and epidemiological characteristics of human adenovirus (HAdV) among children with community acquired pneumonia (CAP) in Hunan province.@*Methods@#A descriptive retrospective survey was conducted to investigate the clinical epidemiological data of 33 056 children with CAP admitted to the Children′s Medical Center of Hunan People′s Hospital from May 1st, 2014 to April 30th, 2019.The seasonal distribution and demographic characteristics of HAdV infection were analyzed.@*Results@#(1) A total of 33 056 children with CAP were included in this study.A total of 3 770 children with HAdV positive were detected, with a total detection rate of 11.40% (3 770/33 056). From May 2014 to April 2019, the detection rates of adenovirus in different years were 13.76%, 8.57%, 7.94%, 9.53%, 12.36% and 24.75% respectively.Adenovirus detection rate reached its peak in 2019.(2) The detection rate of HAdV among male children were higher than that among female children (χ2= 6.374, P=0.012). Among 3 770 children with HAdV infection, 3 036 (80.53%) were from 6 months to 5 years old.The detection rate of adenovirus were different in different age groups.The highest detection rate was 16.65% in 3 to 5 years old group (χ2=526.494, P<0.001). Among children with severe pneumonia, the detection rate of adenovirus was 18.43% (415/2 252). The detection rate of adenovirus was the highest in the age group of 6 months to 1 years, and the difference was statistically significant(χ2=71.485, P<0.001). (3) The detection rate of adenovirus was the lowest in autumn, and the other three seasons were all high- incidence seasons (χ2= 268.744, P<0.001). (4) The hospitalization days of adenovirus pneumonia were longer than those of non-adenovirus pneumonia (Z=-10.419, P<0.001).@*Conclusion@#The prevalence of HAdV infection is related to age, season and sex.The susceptibility of adenovirus varies with severity of pneumonia.We should be vigilant against the outbreak of adenovirus infection characterized by years.

Epidemiological investigation of adenovirus pneumonia in children in Hunan province / 中国小儿急救医学

Objective To investigate the detection results and epidemiological characteristics of hu﹣man adenovirus (HAdV) among children with community acquired pneumonia ( CAP) in Hunan province. Methods A descriptive retrospective survey was conducted to investigate the clinical epidemiological data of 33 056 children with CAP admitted to the Children′s Medical Center of Hunan People′s Hospital from May 1st,2014 to April 30th,2019. The seasonal distribution and demographic characteristics of HAdV infection were analyzed. Results (1) A total of 33 056 children with CAP were included in this study. A total of 3 770 children with HAdV positive were detected,with a total detection rate of 11. 40% (3 770/33 056). From May 2014 to April 2019,the detection rates of adenovirus in different years were 13. 76%,8. 57%, 7. 94%,9. 53%,12. 36% and 24. 75% respectively. Adenovirus detection rate reached its peak in 2019. (2) The detection rate of HAdV among male children were higher than that among female children (χ2 ＝ 6. 374, P＝0. 012). Among 3 770 children with HAdV infection,3 036 (80. 53%) were from 6 months to 5 years old. The detection rate of adenovirus were different in different age groups. The highest detection rate was 16. 65% in 3 to 5 years old group (χ2 ＝526. 494,P<0. 001). Among children with severe pneumonia,the detection rate of adenovirus was 18. 43% (415/2 252). The detection rate of adenovirus was the highest in the age group of 6 months to 1 years, and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2 ＝71. 485, P <0. 001). (3) The detection rate of adenovirus was the lowest in autumn,and the other three seasons were all high﹣incidence seasons (χ2 ＝ 268. 744,P<0. 001). (4) The hospitalization days of adenovirus pneumonia were longer than those of non﹣adenovirus pneumonia (Z＝ －10. 419,P<0. 001). Conclusion The preva﹣lence of HAdV infection is related to age,season and sex. The susceptibility of adenovirus varies with severity of pneumonia. We should be vigilant against the outbreak of adenovirus infection characterized by years.

Effects of MicroRNA-210 on growth and radiosensitivity of ovarian cancer cells / 吉林大学学报(医学版)

Objective:To investigate the role of MicroRNA-210(miR-210)in the growth process of ovarian cancer cells and its relationship with radiosensitivity,and to elucidate the effect of miR-210 on the development and treatment of ovarian cancer the possible molecular mechanism.Methods:The human ovarian cancer OVCAR3 and SKOV3 cells were cultured in vitro,miR-210 mimic and anti miR-210 inhibitors were transfected into the human ovarian cancer cell lines OVCAR3 and SKOV3,respectively,by cell transfection,and identified by Real-time PCR method;miR-210 overexpression and low expression of ovarian cancer cell models were obtained.The two kinds of cells were divided into control group,miR-210 overexpression model group and miR-210 low expression model group,and the cell proliferation activity was detected by MTT.The cells in control group and miR-210 overexpression model group were irradiated with different doses(30,50,and 100 Gy)of ionizing radiation,and the cell proliferation activity in each group was detected by MTT method.Western blotting method was used to detect the expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins in the ovarian cancer cells exposed to 50 Gy radiation dose.All the experimental cells were cultured with three double holes and repeated three times.Results:Compared with control group,the proliferation activity of the cells in miR-210 overexpression ovarian cancer cells group was enhanced,and the proliferation activity of the cells in miR-210 low expression cells group was reduced(P<0.05).After ionizing radiation,the proliferation activity of ovarian cancer cells in miRNA-210 overexpression group was enhanced compared with control group(P<0.05);the expression levels of apoptosis-related protein BAX in OVCAR3 and SKOV3 cells were significantly decreased,while the expression level of BCL-2 were significantly increased. Conclusion:miR-210 can promote the growth of ovarian cancer cells,and reduce the sensitivity of ovarian cancer cells to radiation therapy by inhibiting the apoptosis.

Effects of MicroRNA-210 on growth and radiosensitivity of ovarian cancer cells / 吉林大学学报(医学版)

Objective: To investigate the role of MicroRNA-210 (miR-210) in the growth process of ovarian cancer cells and its relationship with radiosensitivity, and to elucidate the effect of miR-210 on the development and treatment of ovarian cancer the possible molecular mechanism. Methods: The human ovarian cancer OVCAR3 and SKOV3 cells were cultured in vitro, miR-210 mimic and anti miR-210 inhibitors were transfected into the human ovarian cancer cell lines OVCAR3 and SKOV3, respectively, by cell transfection, and identified by Real-time PCR method; miR-210 overexpression and low expression of ovarian cancer cell models were obtained The two kinds of cells were divided into control group, miR-210 overexpression model group and miR-210 low expression model group, and the cell proliferation activity was detected by MTT The cells in control group and miR-210 overexpression model group were irradiated with different doses (30, 50, and 100 Gy) of ionizing radiation, and the cell proliferation activity in each group was detected by MTT method Western blotting method was used to detect the expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins in the ovarian cancer cells exposed to 50 Gy radiation dose. All the experimental cells were cultured with three double holes and repeated three times. Results: Compared with control group, the proliferation activity of the cells in miR-210 overexpression ovarian cancer cells group was enhanced, and the proliferation activity of the cells in miR-210 low expression cells group was reduced (P<0.05). After ionizing radiation, the proliferation activity of ovarian cancer cells in miRNA-210 overexpression group was enhanced compared with control group (P<0.05); the expression levels of apoptosis-related protein BAX in OVCAR3 and SKOV3 cells were significantly decreased, while the expression level of BCL-2 were significantly increased. Conclusion: miR-210 can promote the growth of ovarian cancer cells, and reduce the sensitivity of ovarian cancer cells to radiation therapy by inhibiting the apoptosis.

The value of 3D-ASL parameters for predicting glioma grade before operation and the relationship between the expression of Ki-67 and MVD / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To explore the value of 3D-ASL parameters for predicting glioma grade before operation and the relationship between the expression of Ki-67 and microvessel density(MVD).Methods 3DASL images of 50 patients with pathologically proven gliomas (high grade:n=20,1ow grade:n 30) were analyzed retrospectively.The mean maximum relative cerebral blood flow was obtained by the hot spot method.The Ki-67 labeling index and MVD of surgical specimen were measured.The results were analyzed statistically.Results The mean rCBF,Ki-67 and MVD of low grade gliomas (n=30) were 1.69±1.27,3.73％±3.01％,25.43±13.03,while the high grade gliomas (n=20) were 3.18± 1.46,49.25％ ±20.15％,58.69±20.39 respectively.The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P＜0.01),which was positively correlated with the grade(r=0.620,0.871,0.698,P＜0.01).rCBF was positively correlated with Ki-67 and MVD (r =0.535,0.723,P ＜0.01).Ki 67 labeling index was positively correlated with MVD (r=0.629,P＜0.01).Conclusion The rCBF value is useful for predicting glioma grade before operation and related to tumor MVD and cell proliferation.The biologic behavior of glioma can be predicted to a certain extent.

Effects of ETS on Apoptosis of Human Colorectal Cancer HT-29 Cells / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To study the apoptosis of human colorectal cancer HT-29 cells induced by Aralia elata Seem leaf total saponin (ETS) and its effects on the expression of relevant proteins. Methods MTT assay was used to detect the proliferation of human colorectal cancer HT-29 cells cultivated with different concentrations (6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100, 200 mg/kg) of ETS. Hoechst33258 staining and laser confocal imaging were used to detect the apoptotic cells. Morphological changes were observed. The expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax were detected by immuno-histochemistry. Results ETS could induce apoptosis of HT-29 cells and apoptosis was in a dose-dependent manner in a certain range. ETS could decrease the expression of Bcl-2 and increase the expression of Bax in HT-29 cells (P<0.05, P<0.01), showing a significant dose-effect relationship. Conclusion ETS can induce the apoptosis of HT-29 cells, and the mechanism may be related to reducing the expression of Bcl-2 and increasing the expression of Bax.

Thoracoscopy in diagnosis and treatment of pleural diseases in children / 中华儿科杂志

Objective@#To investigate the value of thoracoscopy in diagnosis and treatment of pleural diseases in children.@*Method@#Clinical manifestations and treatment outcomes of 19 patients who had refractory pleural diseases treated with thoracosocy during May 2011 to August 2016 in Hunan Provincial People′s Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. In 19 cases, 15 were male and 4 were female, with an average age of (4.8±2.0) years. Thirteen patients had left pleural lesion, while 5 patients had right lesion, and 1 had bilateral lesions.@*Result@#All cases were successfully treated with thoracoscopy without emergent thoracotomy. Pre- and post operative diagnosis was compatible in 10 cases, including 8 cases of empyema (Streptococcus pneumoniae infection in 6 cases, and Staphylococcus Aureus infection in 2 cases), and 2 cases of tuberculous pleuritis. Nine patients who had not been clearly diagnosed before surgery were diagnosed to be empyema (4 case), tuberculous pleuritic (3 cases), mycoplasma infection (1 case), and foreign body with infection (1 case) by thoracoscopy. The average duration of post-op closed thoracic drainage was (4.7±2.3) days. The average time to get normal temperature was (2.4±2.6) days. And the average length of hospital stay was (6.7±1.8) days. No hemothorax, chylothorax, or need for analgesic occurred.@*Conclusion@#Thoracoscopy can be recommended for diagnosis and treatment of refractory pleural lesions diseases in children, with minimal trauma and complications.

Psychological Characteristic of Vitiligo Patient and Ethical Countermeasures / 中国医学伦理学

Vitiligo disease makes patients generally exist anxiety,depression,excessive stress response and other psychological characteristics,and the psychological harm caused by disease is more difficult to deal with than the harm caused by the disease itself.Due to the particularity of disease itself,the psychological pressure of general patients is greater than other disease and the psychological problems are more serious.Therefore,when the vitiligo patients seek medical advice,we should pay attention to more respects for patients,protect the privacy of patients;strengthen the emotional reaction between doctors and patients;make good use of psychological function;and promote the establishment of a good doctor-patient relationship and realize the benign interaction of doctor-patient relationship to make the condition of vitiligo patient gradually improved,and finally return to health.

Reform and practice of dual-track teaching mode during the clinical pathology in Chinese Medicine Universities / 中国医学装备

Objective:Dual-track teaching mode in higher colleges and universities of Chinese medicine in clinical pathology teaching reform and practice, so as to change the phenomenon of university students of traditional Chinese medicine western medicine foundation weak, and improve the teaching quality of clinical pathology.Methods: We use the traditional teaching method (LBL) and teaching method of the problem-based learning (PBL) to make double-track recess internship teaching model in clinical pathology, and in practice use the access type, interactive type and potential mining methods to motivate the students’ learning.Results: The dual-track teaching model realizes complementary teaching effect of a variety of teaching methods, makes the teaching quality enhance unceasingly. It not only exercises the students’ ability of autonomous learning, cultivate the students’ clinical thinking, but also stimulates students’ imagination and improves the students’ ability to analyze and solve practical problems.Conclusion: The dual-track teaching mode is worth popularizing in the higher colleges and universities of traditional Chinese medicine, and it can improve the students’ comprehensive quality and innovation and make it better from students to the role of the doctor.