Effects of Resistance Exercise Applied Early After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: a Randomized Controlled Trial

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of resistance exercise applied early after coronary artery bypass grafting. METHODS: It is a randomized controlled trial with 34 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting between August 2013 and May 2014. Patients were randomized into two groups by simple draw: a control group (n=17), who received conventional physical therapy and an intervention group (n=17), who received, additionally, resistance exercise. Pulmonary function and functional capacity were evaluated in preoperative period and hospital discharge by spirometry and the six-minute walk test. For statistical analysis, we used the following tests: Shapiro-Wilk, Mann-Whitney, Student'st and Fisher's exact. Variables withP<0.05 were considered significant. RESULTS: Groups were homogeneous in terms of demographic, clinical and surgical variables. Resistance exercise exerted no effect on pulmonary function of intervention group compared to control group. However, intervention group maintained functional capacity at hospital discharge measured by percentage of predict distance in 6MWT (54.122.7% vs. 52.515.5%,P=0.42), while control group had a significant decrease (59.211.1% vs. 50.69.9%, P<0.016). CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that resistance exercise, applied early, may promote maintenance of functional capacity on coronary artery bypass grafting patients, having no impact on pulmonary function when compared to conventional physical therapy.

Relationship between pre-extubation positive endexpiratory pressure and oxygenation after coronary artery bypass grafting / Relação entre a pressão expiratória positiva final pré-extubação e a oxigenação após revascularização cirúrgica do miocárdio

AbstractIntroductionAfter removal of endotracheal tube and artificial ventilation, ventilatory support should be continued, offering oxygen supply to ensure an arterial oxygen saturation close to physiological.Objective:The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of positive-end expiratory pressure before extubation on the oxygenation indices of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting.Methods:A randomized clinical trial with seventy-eight patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting divided into three groups and ventilated with different positive-end expiratory pressure levels prior to extubation: Group A, 5 cmH2O (n=32); Group B, 8 cmH2O (n=26); and Group C, 10 cmH2O (n=20). Oxygenation index data were obtained from arterial blood gas samples collected at 1, 3, and 6 h after extubation. Patients with chronic pulmonary disease and those who underwent off-pump, emergency, or combined surgeries were excluded. For statistical analysis, we used Shapiro-Wilk, G, Kruskal-Wallis, and analysis of variance tests and set the level of significance at P<0.05.ResultsGroups were homogenous with regard to demographic, clinical, and surgical variables. There were no statistically significant differences between groups in the first 6 h after extubation with regard to oxygenation indices and oxygen therapy utilization.Conclusion:In this sample of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting, the use of different positive-end expiratory pressure levels before extubation did not affect gas exchange or oxygen therapy utilization in the first 6 h after endotracheal tube removal.

ResumoIntrodução:Após a remoção do tubo endotraqueal e ventilação artificial, o suporte ventilatório deve ser continuado, oferecendo suprimento de oxigênio para garantir uma saturação arterial de oxigênio próxima da fisiológica.Objetivo:O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar os efeitos da pressão expiratória positiva final antes de extubação nos índices de oxigenação de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica.Métodos:Ensaio clínico randomizado com 78 pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio, divididos em três grupos e ventilados com diferentes níveis de pressão expiratória positiva final antes da extubação: Grupo A, 5 cmH2O (n=32); Grupo B, 8 cm H2O (n=26); e grupo C, 10 cmH2O (n=20). Dados do índice de oxigenação foram obtidos a partir de amostras de gases sanguíneos arteriais coletados em 1, 3 e 6 h após a extubação. Pacientes com doença pulmonar crônica e aqueles que foram submetidos à cirurgia sem circulação extracorpórea, de emergência ou combinadas foram excluídos. Para a análise estatística, foram utilizados Shapiro-Wilk, G, Kruskal-Wallis, e análise dos testes de variância e definição do nível de significância em P<0,05.Resultados:Os grupos foram homogêneos em relação às variáveis ​​demográficas, clínicas e cirúrgicas. Não houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os grupos nas primeiras 6 h após extubação no que diz respeito aos índices de oxigenação e a utilização de oxigenoterapia.Conclusão:Nesta amostra de pacientes submetidos à revascularização do miocárdio, o uso de diferentes níveis de pressão expiratória positiva final antes da extubação não afetou as trocas gasosas ou utilização de oxigenoterapia nas primeiras 6h após a remoção do tubo endotraqueal.