Changes in serum levels of Hcy and MMP-9 and risk factor analysis in patients with coronary heart disease complicating Helicobacter pylori infection in Chengdu area / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To study the changes in serum homocysteine (Hcy) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) levels and risk factors in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) complicated with Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection in Chengdu area, and to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention of HP infection in patients with coronary heart disease. Methods A total of 348 CHD patients admitted to our hospital in Chengdu from 2019 to 2021 were selected. Hp infection status was detected by C14 urea breath test. Patients were classified into control group (n=197) and HP infection group (n=151) according to the detection results. Data including gender, age, body mass index and peptic ulcer history were collected, and univariate analysis and logistic regression were used to screen the risk factors affecting the occurrence of HP infection in patients with CHD. Results The prevalence rate of HP infection was 43.39% (151/348) among the selected CHD patients. Serum levels of Hcy and MMP-9 were notably elevated in HP infection group compared with control group (P<0.05). The proportion of patients with age ≥60 years old, hyperlipidemia, proton pump inhibitor use history, and frequent consumption of out-of-home food and spicy food in HP infection group was obviously larger than that in control group (P<0.05). Hyperlipidemia (OR=3.719), history of proton pump inhibitor use (OR=3.254) and frequent consumption of out-of-home food (OR=2.721) were independent risk factors for HP infection in CHD patients (P<0.05). Conclusion CHD patients in Chengdu suffer a prevalence rate of HP infection, and have elevated levels of serum Hcy and MMP-9. Furthermore, the intervention measures for patients with hyperlipidemia, proton pump inhibitor drug use history and frequent consumption of out-of-home food are of vital importance for decreasing the risk of HP infection.

Effects of different extraction parts of Tibetan medicine Pulicaria insignis Drumm ex Dunn on CIA rats / 中国药理学通报

Aim To clarify the anti-rheumatoid arthritis effect of Tibetan medicine Pulicaria insignis (P. insignis),sift out the active parts against rheumatoid arthritis,and investigate the mechanism. Methods Rat rheumatoid arthritis (CIA) model was established with bovine type II collagen and incomplete Freund's adjuvant. The effects of the total extract of P. insignis, macroporous resin eluted parts with different concentrations of ethanol and Tripterygium Glycosides (GTW) on the degree of foot swelling in CIA rats were observed,the levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), intd rheumaerleukin-1β (IL-1β) antoid factor (RF) in serum of rats were detected, the pathological changes of synovial tissues were investigated, and the effects on MAPK/p38/NF-κB, TLR4/NF-κB protein expressions were explored by Western blot. Results Compared with the model group, the total extract of P. insignis and the eluted part of macroporous resin 60% ethanol could significantly reduce the degree of joint swelling in CIA rats, effectively improve the pathological changes of rats synovium tissues, and significantly reduce the levels of rat tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and rheumatoid factor (RF) in serum inflammatory factors, and markedly decrease the expression of related inflammatory proteins (TLR4, NF-κB, Myd88, p-p38, p-IκBα, iNOS, etc) in synovial tissue. Conclusions (1) P. insignis can relieve the symptoms of joint inflammation in rats with rheumatoid arthritis, and the eluted part of macroporous resin 60% ethanol of P. insignis is the effective active part for anti-rheumatoid arthritis. (2) The total and partial extracts of P. insignis can relieve arthritis symptoms in CIA rats through inhibiting the MAPK/ p38/NF-κB and TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathways.

To compare the efficacy and incidence of severe hematological adverse events of flumatinib and imatinib in patients newly diagnosed with chronic phase chronic myeloid leukemia / 中华血液学杂志

Objective: To analyze and compare therapy responses, outcomes, and incidence of severe hematologic adverse events of flumatinib and imatinib in patients newly diagnosed with chronic phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) . Methods: Data of patients with chronic phase CML diagnosed between January 2006 and November 2022 from 76 centers, aged ≥18 years, and received initial flumatinib or imatinib therapy within 6 months after diagnosis in China were retrospectively interrogated. Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was performed to reduce the bias of the initial TKI selection, and the therapy responses and outcomes of patients receiving initial flumatinib or imatinib therapy were compared. Results: A total of 4 833 adult patients with CML receiving initial imatinib (n=4 380) or flumatinib (n=453) therapy were included in the study. In the imatinib cohort, the median follow-up time was 54 [interquartile range (IQR), 31-85] months, and the 7-year cumulative incidences of CCyR, MMR, MR(4), and MR(4.5) were 95.2%, 88.4%, 78.3%, and 63.0%, respectively. The 7-year FFS, PFS, and OS rates were 71.8%, 93.0%, and 96.9%, respectively. With the median follow-up of 18 (IQR, 13-25) months in the flumatinib cohort, the 2-year cumulative incidences of CCyR, MMR, MR(4), and MR(4.5) were 95.4%, 86.5%, 58.4%, and 46.6%, respectively. The 2-year FFS, PFS, and OS rates were 80.1%, 95.0%, and 99.5%, respectively. The PSM analysis indicated that patients receiving initial flumatinib therapy had significantly higher cumulative incidences of CCyR, MMR, MR(4), and MR(4.5) and higher probabilities of FFS than those receiving the initial imatinib therapy (all P<0.001), whereas the PFS (P=0.230) and OS (P=0.268) were comparable between the two cohorts. The incidence of severe hematologic adverse events (grade≥Ⅲ) was comparable in the two cohorts. Conclusion: Patients receiving initial flumatinib therapy had higher cumulative incidences of therapy responses and higher probability of FFS than those receiving initial imatinib therapy, whereas the incidence of severe hematologic adverse events was comparable between the two cohorts.

Overview on the modern development of fire needling device: from tradition to innovation / 中国针灸

The appropriate needle device is crucial for obtaining the curative effect of fire needling therapy. The article introduces the material specification, clinical operation, indications, characteristics and advantages of the contemporary traditional fire needling devices (e.g. He's fire needle and Shi 's fire needle) and the contemporary new-type ones (e.g. fire needling with filiform needle and micro-needle); and determines the innovations of modern fire needling. It is anticipated that the needle specifications, production process and operation standard of fire needling devices should be further unified so as to provide the references for the selection of fire needling devices in treatment based on clinical syndrome differentiation and expand the clinical application of fire needling therapy.

Observation on clinical effect of fire needling for mild to moderate benign prostatic hyperplasia with kidney yang deficiency / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effect of fire needling on prostate symptoms, quality of life, average daily number of nightly urination, urine flow rate and prostat volume in patients with mild to moderate benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) of kidney yang deficiency.@*METHODS@#A total of 60 patients with mild to moderate BPH of kidney yang deficiency were randomly divided into an observation group (30 cases, 3 cases dropped off) and a control group (30 cases, 4 cases dropped off). The observation group was treated with fire needling at Guanyuan (CV 4), Shuidao (ST 28) and Qugu (CV 2) twice a week (2-3 d interval between each treatment), continuous treatment for 4 weeks. The control group received lifestyle advice and education, once a week for 4 weeks. In the two groups, the international prostate symptom score (IPSS), the quality of life (QoL) score and the average daily number of nightly urination were observed before treatment, after treatment and during the follow-up of the 4th week; the urinary maximum flow rate (Qmax), the average flow rate (Qave), and the prostate volume were assessed before and after treatment in the two groups. The safety was observed in the observation group.@*RESULTS@#After treatment and during follow-up, the IPSS scores, QoL scores, and the average daily number of nightly urination in the observation group were decreased compared with those before treatment (P<0.05), and those in the observation group were lower than the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, there was no significant difference in Qmax, Qave and prostate volume between the two groups and within the each group (P>0.05). There were no fire needling-related adverse reactions, and no obvious abnormality was found in urine routine and coagulation function tests before and after treatment in the observation group.@*CONCLUSION@#Fire needling can improve lower urinary tract symptoms and quality of life, reduce frequency of nightly urination in patients with mild to moderate BPH of kidney yang deficiency, and has good safety.

Application of "eliminating stagnation and bloodletting/fire needling" in treatment of jingjin diseases / 中国针灸

Based on the development of conditions, the etiology and pathogenesis of jingjin (muscle region of meridian) diseases are summarized as 3 stages, i.e. stagnation due to over-exertion at early stage, manifested by tendon-muscle contracture and tenderness; cold condition due to stagnation, interaction of stasis and cold, resulting in clustered nodules at the middle stage; prolonged illness and missed/delayed treatment, leading to tendon-muscle contracture and impairment of joint function at the late stage. It is proposed that the treatment of jingjin diseases should be combined with the characteristic advantages of fire needling and bloodletting technique, on the base of "eliminating stagnation and bloodletting/fire needling". This combined therapy warming yang to resolve stasis and dispels cold to remove nodules, in which, eliminating the stagnation is conductive to the tissue regeneration, and the staging treatment is delivered in terms of the condition development at different phases.

Research progress on genetic model of mouse with glaucoma / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

Glaucoma, currently the world's first irreversible blindness, is a complex multifactorial disease with a genetic predisposition, and pathologically elevated intraocular pressure is its risk factor. The pathogenesis of glaucoma is not fully understood, and most existing studies are based on animal models, with mice as the main research object, and the pathological damage process of glaucoma is reconstructed through experimental induction means or transgenic manipulation to further investigate the relevant pathogenesis and pathological changes. The technique of experimentally induced construction of glaucoma mouse models has been studied by many scholars and is gradually becoming mature. And as research in molecular biology and genetics has advanced, more and more studies have focused on the disease genes associated with glaucoma, and transgenic mouse models have become a hot topic in recent years. In contrast to experimental manipulation to control a single factor, gene editing is better able to simulate the complex process of disease pathogenesis. This paper focuses on providing a more complete direction and strategy for model selection in the future research by describing the progress of research on relevant transgenic mouse model of glaucoma.

Interpretation of the International Myopia Institute White Papers Ⅱ / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

Worldwide, the incidence rate of myopia is maintained in a high level. Especially, the morbidity is rising continuously among children and adolescents. The progression of myopia affects visual acuity, vision related quality of life and productivity. Moreover, high myopia and its related ocular complications also aggravate the family and social burden. Therefore, the mechanism of myopia, related complications and methods of myopia prevention and control need further exploration. International Myopia Institute(IMI)published the second-edition white papers in April 2021. These white papers included reflections on the implications for clinical practice, the impact of myopia, the risk factors of myopia, the relationship among accommodation and binocular vision with myopia, pathologic myopia, prevention of myopia and digest. Comparing to the first edition, more than thousands of articles and conference abstracts were considered in white papers II, highlighting the latest research and progress related to myopia prevention and control. This article briefly summarizes and interprets the contents of the above white papers, including overview of myopia, impact of myopia, risk factors in myopia, ocular changes in the progress of myopia, and myopia prevention and control, hoping to provide advice for the clinical and scientific research work relating to myopia prevention and control.

Clinical Study of Cytomegalovirus Infection after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the risk factors of cytomegalovirus (CMV) and refractory CMV infection (RCI) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) and their influences on survival.@*METHODS@#A total of 246 patients who received allo-HSCT from 2015 to 2020 were divided into CMV group (n=67) and non-CMV group (n=179) according to whether they had CMV infection. Patients with CMV infection were further divided into RCI group (n=18) and non-RCI group (n=49) according to whether they had RCI. The risk factors of CMV infection and RCI were analyzed, and the diagnostic significance of Logistics regression model was verified by ROC curve. The differences of overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) between groups and the risk factors affecting OS were analyzed.@*RESULTS@#For patients with CMV infection, the median time of the first CMV infection was 48(7-183) days after allo-HSCT, and the median duration was 21 (7-158) days. Older age, EB viremia and gradeⅡ-Ⅳacute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) significantly increased the risk of CMV infection (P=0.032, <0.001 and 0.037, respectively). Risk factors for RCI were EB viremia and the peak value of CMV-DNA at diagnosis≥1×104 copies/ml (P=0.039 and 0.006, respectively). White blood cell (WBC)≥4×109/L at 14 days after transplantation was a protective factor for CMV infection and RCI (P=0.013 and 0.014, respectively). The OS rate in CMV group was significantly lower than that in non-CMV group (P=0.033), and also significantly lower in RCI group than that in non-RCI group (P=0.043). Hematopoietic reconstruction was a favorable factor for OS (P<0.001), whereas CMV-DNA≥1.0×104 copies/ml within 60 days after transplantation was a risk factor for OS (P=0.005).@*CONCLUSION@#The late recovery of WBC and the combination of EB viremia after transplantation are common risk factors for CMV infection and RCI. CMV-DNA load of 1×104 copies/ml is an important threshold, higher than which is associated with higher RCI and lower OS risk.

Clinical Analysis of Matched Sibling Donor Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in the Treatment of Young Patients with Multiple Myeloma / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the efficacy and safety of matched sibling donor allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in the treatment of young patients with multiple myeloma (MM).@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 8 young patients (median age：46 years) with MM who underwent allo-HSCT from HLA-indentical sibling donors in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from June 2013 to September 2021 were collected, and their survival and prognosis were retrospectively analyzed.@*RESULTS@#All the patients were successfully transplanted, and 7 patients could be evaluated the efficacy after transplantation. The median follow-up time was 35.2 (2.5-84.70) months. The complete response (CR) rate was 2/8 before transplantation and 6/7 after transplantation. Acute GVHD developed in 2 cases and extensive chronic GVHD developed in 1 case. Within 100 days, 1 case died of non-recurrent events, and 1-year and 2-year disease-free survival were 6 and 5 cases, respectively. At the end of follow-up, all the 5 patients who survived for more than 2 years survived, and the longest disease-free survival time has reached 84 months.@*CONCLUSION@#With the development of new drugs, HLA-matched sibling donor allo-HSCT may be a curable treatment for young patients with MM.

Accuracy of Mean Value of Central Venous Pressure from Monitor Digital Display: Influence of Amplitude of Central Venous Pressure during Respiration / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

Background A simple measurement of central venous pressure (CVP)-mean by the digital monitor display has become increasingly popular. However, the agreement between CVP-mean and CVP-end (a standard method of CVP measurement by analyzing the waveform at end-expiration) is not well determined. This study was designed to identify the relationship between CVP-mean and CVP-end in critically ill patients and to introduce a new parameter of CVP amplitude (ΔCVP= CVPmax - CVPmin) during the respiratory period to identify the agreement/disagreement between CVP-mean and CVP-end.Methods In total, 291 patients were included in the study. CVP-mean and CVP-end were obtained simultaneously from each patient. CVP measurement difference (|CVP-mean - CVP-end|) was defined as the difference between CVP-mean and CVP-end. The ΔCVP was calculated as the difference between the peak (CVPmax) and the nadir value (CVPmin) during the respiratory cycle, which was automatically recorded on the monitor screen. Subjects with |CVP-mean - CVP-end|≥ 2 mmHg were divided into the inconsistent group, while subjects with |CVP-mean - CVP-end| < 2 mmHg were divided into the consistent group.Results ΔCVP was significantly higher in the inconsistent group [7.17(2.77) vs.5.24(2.18), P<0.001] than that in the consistent group. There was a significantly positive relationship between ΔCVP and |CVP-mean - CVP-end| (r=0.283, P <0.0001). Bland-Altman plot showed the bias was -0.61 mmHg with a wide 95% limit of agreement (-3.34, 2.10) of CVP-end and CVP-mean. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) of ΔCVP for predicting |CVP-mean - CVP-end| ≥ 2 mmHg was 0.709. With a high diagnostic specificity, using ΔCVP<3 to detect |CVP-mean - CVP-end| lower than 2mmHg (consistent measurement) resulted in a sensitivity of 22.37% and a specificity of 93.06%. Using ΔCVP>8 to detect |CVP-mean - CVP-end| >8 mmHg (inconsistent measurement) resulted in a sensitivity of 31.94% and a specificity of 91.32%.Conclusions CVP-end and CVP-mean have statistical discrepancies in specific clinical scenarios. ΔCVP during the respiratory period is related to the variation of the two CVP methods. A high ΔCVP indicates a poor agreement between these two methods, whereas a low ΔCVP indicates a good agreement between these two methods.

Evaluation of left atrial function in predicting left ventricular remodeling in patients with coronary heart disease by four dimensional automatic left atrial quantitation analysis technique / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective:To evaluate left atrial(LA) function and its value in predicting left ventricular(LV) remodeling in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) by four dimensional automatic left atrial quantitation (4D Auto LAQ).Methods:A total of 176 patients with CHD were prospectively enrolled in Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital from October 2021 to September 2022. They were divided into two groups according to left ventricular mass index: LV remodeling group (female>95 g/m 2, male>115 g/m 2, n=88) and Non-LV remodeling group (female≤95 g/m 2, male≤115 g/m 2, n=88). The 3D dynamic image of LA was analyzed by 4D Auto LAQ on machine to obtain the LA parameters, including the minimum, maximum, pre-systolic and emptying volumes of LA (LAVmin, LAVmax, LAVpreA, LAEV), LA ejection fraction (LAEF), LA reservoir longitudinal and circumferential strains (LASr, LASr-c), LA conduit longitudinal and circumferential strains (LAScd, LAScd-c) and LA contraction longitudinal and circumferential strains (LASct, LASct-c). Logistic regression models were used to analyze the value of LA parameters in predicting LV remodeling in patients with CHD. ROC curve was used to evaluate LA parameters and left atrial volume index (LAVI) to predict the diagnostic efficiency of LV remodeling. Results:Compared with the Non-LV remodeling group, LAVmin, LAVmax, LAVpreA were significantly increased and LAEF, LASr, LAScd, LASct, LASr-c, LAScd-c, LASct-c were significantly decreased in the LV remodeling group ( P<0.05). Logistic regression model showed that LASct-c was an independent risk factor for LV remodeling in patients with CHD after adjustment( OR=2.018, 95% CI=1.214-3.355). ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of LASct-c for predicting LV remodeling in CHD patients was 0.844, the sensitivity was 0.784, and the specificity was 0.761. Conclusions:4D Auto LAQ can effectively evaluate LA function in patients with CHD.LASct-c can be used as a reference index to predict LV remodeling in patients with CHD, which provides a new evaluation method in prognosis evaluation of CHD patients.

Value of four-dimensional automatic right ventricular quantitative analysis in evaluating right ventricular function in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the right ventricular function in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) by four-dimensional automatic right ventricular quantitative analysis (4D Auto RVQ), and compare with the right ventricular ejection fraction measured by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR-RVEF), and to explore the clinical application value of 4D Auto RVQ technique in evaluating the right ventricular function of patients with DCM.Methods:A prospective study was conducted to select 52 patients with DCM who were treated in Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital of Zhengzhou University from March to October 2022 as DCM group, and 52 healthy volunteers were selected as the control group during the same period. The four-dimensional right ventricular ejection fraction (4D-RVEF), right ventricular stroke volume index (RVSVI), right ventricular end-diastolic volume index (RVEDVI), right ventricular end-systolic volume index (RVESVI), four-dimensional right ventricular basal diameter (4D-RVDd-base), four-dimensional right ventricular middle diameter (4D-RVDd-mid), four-dimensional right ventricular long axis diameter (4D-RVLd), four-dimensional tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (4D-TAPSE) and four-dimensional right ventricular fractional area change (4D-RVFAC) were obtained by 4D Auto RVQ technique. The differences of the above parameters between DCM group and control group were compared.Pearson linear correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between echocardiographic parameters and CMR-RVEF. The ROC curve was used to find the most sensitive parameters for evaluating right ventricular function, and the area under the ROC curve ( AUC ) was calculated and compared.Results:Compared with the control group, RVEDVI, RVESVI, 4D-RVDd-base and 4D-RVDd-mid in the DCM group were increased, and the absolute values of 4D-RVEF, 4D-TAPSE, 4D-RVFAC, right ventricular global longitudinal strain(RVGLS) and right ventricular free wall longitudinal strain(RVFWLS) were decreased (all P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that 4D-RVEF was positively correlated with CMR-RVEF ( r=0.711, P<0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that 4D-RVEF was superior to other parameters in evaluating right ventricular function in DCM patients (AUC: 0.916). Conclusions:4D Auto RVQ technique can quantitatively evaluate right ventricular function in DCM patients. 4D-RVEF has a significant correlation with CMR-RVEF, and 4D-RVEF has the best efficacy in evaluating right ventricular function in DCM patients.

Value of liver ultrasonic elasticity index combined with APRI, FIB-4 and GP in the diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis complicated with liver cirrhosis / 中国医师杂志

Objective:To investigate the value of liver ultrasonic elasticity index combined with aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (APRI), fibrosis index based on the four factors (FIB-4) and globulin platelet model (GP) in the diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis complicated with liver cirrhosis.Methods:From January 2020 to January 2022, 82 patients with autoimmune hepatitis and cirrhosis treated in West China Hospital of Sichuan University were selected as observation group, and 90 patients with autoimmune hepatitis were selected as controls (control group). All of them underwent liver ultrasound elastic examination, and the APRI, FIB-4, GP of patients were calculated. The differences of shear wave velocity (SWV), liver hardness value (LSM), strain rate ratio (SR), APRI, FIB-4, GP between the two groups were compared. At the same time, the differences of SWV, LSM, SR, APRI, FIB-4 and GP among patients with autoimmune hepatitis with different degrees of liver fibrosis and inflammation were analyzed. The value of liver ultrasound elasticity index, APRI, FIB-4 and GP in predicting autoimmune hepatitis complicated with cirrhosis was evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results:The SWV, LSM, FIB-4 and GP in the observation group were (1.60±0.21)m/s, (13.98±1.82)kPa, (8.10±1.43) and (4.15±1.05) respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the control group (all P<0.05), while SR and APRI were (5.04±0.98) and (2.41±0.92) respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the control group (all P<0.05). With the aggravation of liver fibrosis, the levels of SWV, LSM, FIB-4 and GP in patients with autoimmune hepatitis were higher (all P<0.05), while the SR and APRI were lower (all P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in SWV, LSM, SR, APRI, FIB-4 and GP between patients with G1-G2 and G3-G4 inflammatory degree of autoimmune hepatitis (all P>0.05). SWV, LSM, SR, APRI, FIB-4 and GP were included in the binary logistic regression analysis, and SWV, FIB-4 and GP were finally selected as independent predictors for diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis with cirrhosis (all P<0.05). The area under the ROC curve of combined prediction of SWV, FIB-4 and GP for autoimmune hepatitis with cirrhosis was 0.931, which was significantly higher than other indicators (all P<0.05), and the sensitivity and specificity were 95.00% and 84.00% respectively. Conclusions:Liver ultrasonic elasticity index, APRI, FIB-4 and GP are related to the degree of liver fibrosis in patients with autoimmune hepatitis. SWV, FIB-4 combined with GP have high application value in predicting autoimmune hepatitis complicated with liver cirrhosis.

Effects of short-term use of atropine with different concentrations and frequencies on eye safety in children / 中华实验眼科杂志

Objective:To evaluate the effect of short-term topical administration of atropine eye drops with various concentrations and frequencies on eye safety in children.Methods:A double-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted.Sevevty-two children with ametropia or pre-myopia (72 eyes) were enrolled in Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital from December 2020 to January 2022.The subjects were randomly divided into 0.01% atropine group, 0.02% atropine group and 0.04% atropine group according to a random number table, with 24 cases (24 eyes) in each group.Automatic refraction with an automatic computer optometry device, subjective refraction with a phoropter, intraocular pressure with a non-contact tonometer, axial length by optical biometrics, the amplitude of accommodation (AMP) by the push-up method, pupil diameter with pupilometer, near visual acuity at 33 cm with a standard logarithmic visual acuity chart, tear evaluation with Keratograph 5M and Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire survey were performed among all subjects.One drop of 0.01%, 0.02%, and 0.04% atropine was administrated to the study eye according to grouping, and the pupil diameter was measured every 10 minutes until the pupil did not enlarge three times, then the data after a single treatment of the three groups were recorded.After one-week application of the corresponding concentration of atropine eye drops once at night, the data after one-week treatment were recorded.For the next week, the application frequency of 0.01% and 0.02% atropine groups changed to once daily in the morning and evening, and 0.04% atropine group maintained once at night, then the data after two-week treatment were recorded.Data of the right eyes were analyzed.The changes in pupil diameter, AMP and other eye parameters before and after atropine eye drops of the three groups were compared.This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki and the study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital (No.2020KY[L]-51). All subjects and their guardians were fully informed of the method and purpose of this study before entering the cohort.Written informed consent was obtained from guardians.Results:Pupil diameters of 0.01%, 0.02% and 0.04% atropine groups were (5.59±0.48), (5.35±0.76) and (5.65±0.43)mm before treatment respectively, (7.00±0.68), (7.17±0.58) and (8.40±1.71)mm after a single treatment, (6.67±0.62), (6.56±0.65) and (7.60±0.69)mm after one-week treatment, (6.96±0.49), (7.04±0.53) and (7.60±0.36)mm after two-week treatment.There were significant differences in pupil diameter at different time points after treatment among the three groups ( Fgroup=9.430, P<0.001; Ftime=156.620, P<0.001). The AMP of 0.01%, 0.02% and 0.04% atropine groups were (12.94±3.02), (13.25±2.81) and (13.42±2.60)D before treatment respectively, (11.62±2.61), (11.53±2.06) and (9.64±1.93)D after a single treatment, (11.14±2.61), (11.33±2.33) and (8.30±1.18)D after one-week treatment, (9.99±1.81), (8.72±1.25) and (8.76±2.12)D after two-week treatment.There was no significant difference in the AMP among the three groups ( Fgroup=2.800, P=0.063). In the three groups, the AMP at different time points after treatment were significantly lower than that before treatment ( Ftime=61.400, P<0.001). There was no difference in spherical equivalent refraction, intraocular pressure, near visual acuity, axial length, first none-invasive tear break-up time, average none-invasive tear break-up time, tear meniscus height and OSDI score among the three groups ( Fgroup=0.030, 0.630, 1.420, 0.580, 0.140, 0.120, 0.340, 0.142; all at P>0.05). There were significant differences in spherical equivalent refraction, intraocular pressure, first none-invasive tear break-up time, average none-invasive tear break-up time, tear meniscus height and OSDI score at different time points between before and after medication among the three groups ( Ftime=12.560, 4.730, 4.720, 5.220, 3.720; all at P<0.05). Conclusions:Varying pupil dilation and AMP reduction occur after the use of different concentrations of atropine and are more severe at higher concentrations.Increased administration frequency of atropine is associated with more pupil dilation and AMP reduction, but there is no intolerable adverse effect.

Inhibitory effects of 1% atropine on form deprivation-induced myopia development in guinea pigs and its mechanism / 中华实验眼科杂志

Objective:To observe the prevention and control effect of 1% atropine on the progression of form deprivation myopia (FDM) in guinea pigs and the potential biological mechanism.Methods:Sixty-nine 3-week-old tricolor guinea pigs with normal refraction were randomly divided into a normal control group ( n=19), a FDM group ( n=19), a FDM+ atropine group ( n=19), and an atropine group ( n=12). No intervention was given to guinea pigs in normal control group.The FDM model was established by covering the right eye of guinea pigs with a semitransparent latex facemask for 4 weeks in FDM and FDM+ atropine groups.For the FDM+ atropine group, 1% atropine gel was topically administered to the form-deprived right eyes once a day for 4 weeks.For the atropine group, the right eye was treated with 1% atropine gel once a day for 4 weeks.Refraction and axial length of guinea pigs were measured by retinoscopy and ophthalmic A-scan ultrasonography respectively at baseline, experiment week 2 and week 4.In experiment week 4, eyeballs were enucleated to make sections via the paraffin wax processing procedure, and the microstructural and ultrastructural changes of the sclera were observed under the light microscope and transmission electron microscope, respectively.The isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation labeling combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry were used to identify the differentially expressed proteins.Use and care of the animals complied with the Regulation for the Administration of Affairs Concerning Experiment Animals by State Science and Technology Commission.The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Tianjin Medical University (No.TJYY2020111028). Results:There were statistically significant differences in the diopter of guinea pigs at different time points among the four groups ( Fgroup=138.892, P<0.001; Ftime=167.270, P<0.001). Compared with normal control group, the diopter of guinea pigs in FDM group at experiment weeks 2 and 4, and FDM+ atropine group at experiment week 4 developed toward myopia, showing statistically significant differences (all at P<0.001). Compared with FDM group, the diopter of guinea pigs in FDM+ atropine group at experiment weeks 2 and 4 developed toward hyperopia, showing statistically significant differences (both at P<0.001). There were statistically significant differences in the axial length of guinea pigs at different time points among the four groups ( Fgroup=32.346, P<0.001; Ftime=353.797, P<0.001). The axial lengths of FDM group at experiment weeks 2 and 4 and FDM+ atropine group at experiment week 4 were longer than those of normal control group, and the axial lengths in FDM+ atropine group at experiment weeks 2 and 4 were shorter than those in FDM group, and the differences were statistically significant (all at P<0.001). The collagenous fibers of posterior sclera of guinea pigs were loose and disordered in FDM group, and were regular in FDM+ atropine group.The posterior scleral thickness of normal control group, FDM group, FDM+ atropine group and atropine group was (141.74±16.98), (101.46±9.15), (112.74±6.24) and (134.30±18.19) μm, respectively, with a statistically significant difference ( F=6.709, P=0.005). The posterior sclera was significantly thinner in FDM group than in normal control group and FDM+ atropine group (both at P<0.05). The diameter of posterior scleral collagen fiber gradually increased from inside to outside in normal control group, FDM+ atropine group and atropine group, and the diameters of the inner, middle and outer posterior scleral collagen fibers were smaller in FDM group than in normal control group.Proteomic analysis revealed 85 differentially expressed proteins (fold change>1.30) between FDM group and normal control group, FDM+ atropine group and FDM group, of which 38 were up-regulated and 47 were down-regulated after atropine treatment.Gene Ontology enrichment analysis showed that biological processes mainly involved were biological regulation, cell process, localization and metabolic process.Molecular function mainly involved were binding, catalytic activity, molecular function regulator, structural molecule activity and transporter activity.Cell components mainly involved were in cellular anatomical entity, intracellular and protein-containing complex. Conclusions:Atropine can increase the diameter of scleral collagen fibers in guinea pigs of FDM model, improve the arrangement of scleral collagen fiber, inhibit scleral thinning.The mechanism of atropine to control myopia progression is closely related to the tight junction between scleral cells, cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix remodeling.

Application progress of mobile health in nursing of patients with infertility / 中国实用护理杂志

This article firstly reviews the current application status of mobile health based on social networking media, mobile health applications, wearable devices in infertility patients′nursing. Then, this paper analyzes the application effects of mobile health in the five aspects of treatment process management, health education, medication management, lifestyle management and psychological care for infertility patients based on the literature. The existing problems are analyzed and prospected on this basis, in order to provide a reference for the application of mobile health to infertility patients′nursing in China.

Blinatumomab as bridging therapy in two children with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia complicated by invasive fungal disease / 中国当代儿科杂志

This article reports two cases of children with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) complicated by invasive fungal disease (IFD) who received bridging treatment using blinatumomab. Case 1 was a 4-month-old female infant who experienced recurrent high fever and limb weakness during chemotherapy. Blood culture was negative, and next-generation sequencing (NGS) of peripheral blood, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and cerebrospinal fluid were all negative. Chest CT and cranial MRI revealed obvious infection foci. Case 2 was a 2-year-old male patient who experienced recurrent high fever with multiple inflammatory masses during chemotherapy. Candida tropicalis was detected in peripheral blood and abscess fluid using NGS, while blood culture and imaging examinations showed no obvious abnormalities. After antifungal and blinatumomab therapy, both cases showed significant improvement in symptoms, signs, and imaging, and B-ALL remained in continuous remission. The report indicates that bridging treatment with blinatumomab in children with B-ALL complicated by IFD can rebuild the immune system and control the underlying disease in the presence of immunosuppression and severe fungal infection.

Short-term efficacy of digitally-assisted traditional Chinese medicine manual reduction combined with 3D printed splint in the treatment of AO type-A distal radius fractures / 中国骨伤

Objective To explore the short-term efficacy of digitally-assisted traditional Chinese medicine manual reduction combined with 3D printed splint in the treatment of AO type-A distal radius fractures, and explore the quantification of traditional Chinese medicine manual reduction and personalized improvement of splinting. Methods The clinical data of 50 patients with AO type-A distal radius fractures, who received treatment at the outpatient department of Cangzhou Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital in Hebei Province, were retrospective analyzed. The patient cohort included 22 females and 28 males, with ages ranging from 25 to 75 years old. Among them, 27 cases presented with distal radius fractures on the left side, and 24 cases on the right side. The patients were categorized into two groups: treatment group (n=25) and control group(n=25). There were 13 males and 12 females in the treatment group, with an average age of (56.2±5.5) years old. Treatment approach for this group involved several steps. Initially, Mimics Research software was used to conduct comprehensive analysis of complete CT data from the affected limb, resulting in the creation of a three-dimensional model. Subsequently, 3D models of the bones and skin contours, stored as STL format files, were imported into the Materialise Magics 23.0 software for model processing and repair. This facilitated the simulation of reduction and recording of displacement data, effectively generating a "digital prescription" to guide and quantify traditional Chinese medicine manipulation procedures. Finally, a personalized 3D printed splint was applied for fixation treatment. There were 15 males and 10 females in the control group, with an average age of (53.32±5.28) years old. These patients were treated with manualreduction combined with traditional splinting. The clinical efficacy of the two groups was assessed in terms of fracture reduction quality, fracture healing time, Gartland-Werley wrist joint score and X-ray parameters (palminclination angle, ulnar deviation angle, radius height) at 6 weeks post-operatively. Results The treatment group exhibited a shorter duration for achieving clinical healing compared to the control group (P<0.05). Six weeks post-operatively, the treatment group demonstrated higher wrist joint function scores, and a higher proportion of excellent and good outcomes than the control group(P<0.05). The treatment group was superior to the control group in terms of imaging parameters 6 weeks post-operatively (P<0.05). Conclusion By quantifying skin contours through digital simulation prescription reduction, a personalized 3D printed splint is developed to effectively stabilize fractures, enhancing localized fixation while ensuring greater adherence, stability, and comfort. This innovative approach offers personalized treatment for AO type-A distal radius fractures and presents a novel, precise treatment strategy for consideration.

Advance on detection method and application based on bioluminescence of luciferase / 中国药科大学学报

@#Bioluminescence is a widespread phenomenon in nature, and luminescent organisms can be found both on land and in the ocean. Among them, luciferase based bioluminescence systems have been widely studied, inspiring the exploration of genetic and epigenetic aspects and the development of a series of related assays for in vivo and in vitro studies. This paper summarizes the recent developments of luciferase based bioluminescence assays in terms of bioluminescence systems, types of luciferases, and the development and application of luciferase bioluminescence assays.