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Objective To investigate the occurrence of maternal stress under the epidemic, and analyze its relevant factors, to provide a reference for improving pregnancy quality and psychological counseling services during pregnancy. Methods From April to July 2020, 293 pregnant women from maternity and childcare hospital in Wuhan and Huanggang were selected as the subjects of the cross-sectional survey. Results The average score of the PSS pressure scale for pregnant women was (17.75±6.07), among which no/mild, moderate and severe stress accounted for 22.8%, 63.1% and 14.1%, respectively. According to multiple linear regression analysis, the factors affecting the maternal stress level of pregnant women are poor psychological resilience (β=-0.206, 95% CI: -0.288~-0.124), low family income (β=-0.370, 95% CI: -0.729~-0.012), excessively fearful about their babies (β=1.775, 95% CI: 0.640~2.910) and themselves (β=1.695, 95% CI: 0.625~2.766) about infected with the new virus. Conclusion The present study explores the factors related to maternal stress and depression during the epidemic. For pregnant women with high psychological stress, it is recommended that medical staff and family members should take care of them in a timely manner, strengthen their social support, and provide psychological counseling positively in order to improve pregnant women's psychological mood and promote maternal and infant health.
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Objective To evaluate the effect of Annexin-A1 mimetic peptide Ac2-26 on activation of astrocytes in rats.Methods The primarily cultured astrocytes from the cortex of fetal Sprague-Dawley rats after 4 passages were divined into 4 groups (n =24 each) using a random number table method:control group (C group),LPS group,LPS+scramble peptide group (LPS+Src group) and LPS+Ac2-26 group.LPS was added to LPS group with the final concentration of 1 mg/ml.LPS at the final concentration of 1 mg/ml and scramble peptide at the final concentration of 3.3 mmol/L were added to LPS+Src group.LPS at the final concentration of 1 mg/ml and Ac2-26 at the final concentration of 3.3 mmol/L were added to LPS+Ac2-26 group.After 24-h incubation,the cell survival rate was measured by CCK-8 assay,the migration was determined by Transwell assay,the concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α),interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β),monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and macrophage inflammatory protein-1 a (MIP-1a) in the supernatant were measured (by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay),and the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP),extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK),phosphorylated ERK (p-ERK),c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK),phosphorylated JNK (p-JNK),p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK),and phosphorylated p38MAPK (p-p38MAPK) in astrocytes was detected by Western blot.Results Compared with group C,the expression of GFAP was significantly up-regulated,and the cell mobility,concentrations of TNF-α,IL-1β,MCP-1 and MIP-1α in the supernatant,p-ERK/ERK ratio,p-JNK/JNK ratio and p-p38MAPK/p38MAPK ratio were increased (P＜0.05),and no siguificant change was found in the cell survival rate in group LPS (P＞0.05).Compared with group LPS,the expression of GFAP was significantly down-regulated,and the cell mobility,concentrations of TNF-α,IL-1β,MCP-1 and MIP-1α in the supernatant,p-JNK/JNK ratio and p-p38MAPK/p38MAPK ratio were decreased in group LPS+Ac2-26 (P＜0.05),and no significant change was found in the parameters mentioned above in group LPS+Src (P＞0.05).Conclusion Ac2-26 can inhibit activation of astrocytes and produces anti-inflammatory effect in rats.
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Objective@#To evaluate the effect of Annexin-A1 mimetic peptide Ac2-26 on activation of astrocytes in rats.@*Methods@#The primarily cultured astrocytes from the cortex of fetal Sprague-Dawley rats after 4 passages were divined into 4 groups (n=24 each) using a random number table method: control group (C group), LPS group, LPS+ scramble peptide group (LPS+ Src group) and LPS+ Ac2-26 group.LPS was added to LPS group with the final concentration of 1 mg/ml.LPS at the final concentration of 1 mg/ml and scramble peptide at the final concentration of 3.3 mmol/L were added to LPS+ Src group.LPS at the final concentration of 1 mg/ml and Ac2-26 at the final concentration of 3.3 mmol/L were added to LPS+ Ac2-26 group.After 24-h incubation, the cell survival rate was measured by CCK-8 assay, the migration was determined by Transwell assay, the concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and macrophage inflammatory protein-1a (MIP-1a) in the supernatant were measured (by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), and the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), phosphorylated ERK (p-ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), phosphorylated JNK (p-JNK), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK), and phosphorylated p38MAPK (p-p38MAPK) in astrocytes was detected by Western blot.@*Results@#Compared with group C, the expression of GFAP was significantly up-regulated, and the cell mobility, concentrations of TNF-α, IL-1β, MCP-1 and MIP-1α in the supernatant, p-ERK/ERK ratio, p-JNK/JNK ratio and p-p38MAPK/p38MAPK ratio were increased (P<0.05), and no significant change was found in the cell survival rate in group LPS (P>0.05). Compared with group LPS, the expression of GFAP was significantly down-regulated, and the cell mobility, concentrations of TNF-α, IL-1β, MCP-1 and MIP-1α in the supernatant, p-JNK/JNK ratio and p-p38MAPK/p38MAPK ratio were decreased in group LPS+ Ac2-26 (P<0.05), and no significant change was found in the parameters mentioned above in group LPS+ Src (P>0.05).@*Conclusion@#Ac2-26 can inhibit activation of astrocytes and produces anti-inflammatory effect in rats.
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Objective To observe the difference of retinal vessel oxygen saturation in glaucoma and normal eyes.Methods A cross sectional study design was performed.Fifty eyes of 30 glaucoma patients (glaucoma group) and 41 eyes of 27 age-and sex-matched healthy subjects (control group) were included.Retinal vessel oxygen saturation was measured with a spectrophotometric retinal oximeter in darkness and visual fields were obtained by Humphrey filed analyzer.The glaucoma eyes were divided into two groups:mean defect (MD) ＜6 dB (28 eyes) and MD≥6 dB (22 eyes) according to mean defect of visual field.Results Retinal arteriolar oxygen saturation values in glaucoma group and control group were (94.52 ±6.51) ％ and (93.47±6.30) ％ respectively.No statistical difference was found in retinal oxygen saturation in arterioles (H =-0.949,P =0.343).Retinal venous oxygen saturation values in glaucoma group and control group were (57.57 ± 7.96)％ and (52.60 ± 7.70) ％ respectively.The retinal venous oxygen saturation values in glaucoma group was higher than that in control group (H=-3.318,P=0.001).The retinal arteriovenous difference in glaucoma group and control group were (36.59± 4.69)％ and (42.41 ±6.73) ％ respectively.The retinal arteriovenous difference in glaucoma group was lower than that in control group (H=-4.148,P＜0.01).The retinal arteriolar oxygen saturation values in glaucoma eyes with MD＜6 dB and MD≥6 dB were (93.38 ± 6.33)％ and (95.71 ± 6.54)％ respectively,with no statistical difference (H=-1.857,P=0.063).Retinal venous oxygen saturation values in glaucoma eyes with MD＜6 dB and MD≥6 dB were (54.83 ± 6.10) ％ and (6 1.07 ± 8.79) ％ respectively.The retinal venous oxygen saturation values in MD≥ 6 dB glaucoma eyes was higher than that in MD＜ 6 dB glaucoma eyes (H =-2.599,P=0.009).The retinal arteriovenous difference in glaucoma eyes with MD＜6 dB and MD≥6 dB were (38.12± 4.34) ％ and (34.64 ± 4.49) ％ respectively.The retinal arteriovenous difference in MD≥6 dB glaucoma eyes was lower than that in MD＜6 dB glaucoma eyes (H=-2.463,P＜0.05).Conclusions Compared with healthy eyes,there is no change in the retinal arteriolar oxygen saturation,but the retinal venous oxygen saturation is higher and the retinal arteriovenous difference is lower.This feature is more obvious in MD≥6 dB glaucoma eyes.
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Objective To investigate the effects of Annexin-A1 ( Anxa1 ) gene silencing induced by siRNA on the growth and migration of microglial BV-2 cells and its possible mechanisms.Methods A synthesized siRNA duplex targeting Anxa1 gene was transfected into BV-2 cells.The efficiency of siRNA-in-duced Anxa1 gene silencing was evaluated on both mRNA and protein levels by using reverse-transcription PCR and Western blot assay.MTT assay was performed to measure the proliferation of BV-2 cells with si-lenced expression of Anxa1 gene.Flow cytometry with Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining was used to de-tect the apoptosis rate of BV-2 cells.Transwell chambers were used to analyze the effects of siRNA-induced Anxa1 gene silencing on the migration of BV-2 cells.Western blot assay was performed to detect the expres-sion of signaling proteins related to cell cycle and migration.Results Compared with the siRNA negative control ( siRNA-NC) group, the inhibitory rates of siRNA-induced Anxa1 gene silencing on the proliferation of BV-2 cells were significantly increased at the time points of 24 h, 48 h and 72 h after intervention [(16.9 ±2.1)%, (23.1±3.6)%and (42.4±1.7)%vs (1.35±0.5)%, (2.06±0.7)% and (8.65±0.9)%, P<0.05 ].The apoptosis rate of BV-2 cells transfected with Anxa1 siRNA was (18.4±2.1)%, which was significantly elevated as compared with that of the siRNA-NC group (5.2±0.3)%and control group (4.3±0.2)%.Cell migration of the Anxa1 siRNA transfected BV-2 cells was inhibited remarkably at 48 h as com-pared with that of the siRNA-NC group (28.7±5.2 vs 173.4±11.4, P<0.01).Moreover, the suppressed expression of Cyclin D1 protein and activation of p38 and JNK signaling pathways were induced by silenced expression of Anxa1 gene in BV-2 cells.Conclusion The growth and migration of BV-2 cells were signifi-cantly inhibited by silencing the expression of Anxa1 gene with siRNA, the possible mechanisms might be associated with the suppressed expression of Cyclin D1protein and the activation of p38 and JNK signaling pathways.
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Objective To evaluate the efficiency of lamivudine combined with hepatitis B immunoglobulin to prevent hepatitis B recurrence after liver transplantation.Methods The literature concerning the application of lamivudine and hepatitis B immunoglobulin after liver transplantation was collected.The efficacy of initial lamivudine,and hepatitis B immunoglobulin alone or combined together was evaluated in liver transplantation recipients with hepatitis B by performing a systematic review of the literature with a Meta-analysis of clinical trials.Odds ratio(OR)was applied to evaluate the effect of therapeutic alliance to decrease the reinfection rate whether or not.Results We identified 7 clinical trials,and there were 360 patients subjected.OR and 95% confidence interval(95%CI)was 0.34(95%CI ranging from 0.18 to 0.64).For overall test result,Z value was 3.33 and P value was 0.01.The P value was 0.310 for our test of study homogeneity.Conclusion Our meta-analysis shows that lamivudine or hepatis B immunoglobulin can effective prevent hepatitis B recurrence after liver transplantation,and therapeutic alliance is more effective than monotherapy,and tolerance to lamivudine or hepatis B immunoglobulin was good.