Differences in the percutaneous nephrolithotomy practice patterns among Latin American urologists with and without endourology training

ABSTRACT Purpose: Although the worldwide percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) practice pat- terns determined via a survey sent to members of the Endourological Society have been published, differences in PCNL practice patterns among Latin American urologists based on endourological or lithiasis training have not been published. To determine the PCNL practice patterns among Latin American urologists with and without training in endourology. Materials and Methods: The SurveyMonkey® web platform was used to develop a 27-item survey on PCNL for the treatment of renal stones, and the survey was sent via e- -mail and other electronic media to 2000 urologists from 15 Latin American countries. Endourology-trained (group 1) and nontrained urologists (group 2) were analyzed. The group results were compared using the chi-squared and Fisher's exact tests. SPSS version 20 for Windows was used for all analyses. Results: A total of 331 urologists responded to the survey (rate of 16.55%): 221 (66.7%) in group 1 and 110 (33.2%) in group 2). In groups 1 and 2, 91.9% and 63.2% performed PCNL, respectively: 85.1% and 58.5% used preoperative tomography, respectively; 12.7% and 4.7% used preoperative nephrolitometry nomograms, respectively: 45.2% and 32.1% used endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery, respectively: 68.3% and 38.7% used mul- tiple percutaneous tract realization, respectively: and 19.9% and 5.7% used minimally invasive PCNL, respectively (all p=0.0005). Conclusions: Statistically significant differences were observed in PCNL practice patterns of Latin American urologists with and without training in endourology. Specific training in endourology significantly influence the practice patterns of Latin American urologists.

Carcinoma mamario medular y mucinoso correlación histopatológica-mamográfica / Mammary carcinoma to medular and mucinoso mamográfica-histopatológica correlation

Analiza que el cáncer es una de las causas más importantes de mortalidad en el Ecuador y produce más de 5.700 muertes por año. En la área oncológica de la mujer, el cáncer de mama es la 3era causa de muerte, después del Ca. de cervix. La incidencia del cáncer de mama se ha elevado estadísticamente en los últimos años, probablemente, debido al incremento del screning mamográfico. El presente estudio establece la correlación histopatológica con las características mamográficas de las lesiones, en 26 mujeres portadoras de Ca. mamario de tipo medular y mucinoso, al tiempo que analiza su incidencia y determina la edad de detección, tamaño, localización y el estadío al momento del diagnóstico...