Tadalafil for ED after transurethral resection of the prostate: a report of 113 cases / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the efficacy of tadalafil in the treatment of ED after transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 113 patients with ED after TURP received 3 months of tadalafil treatment and were followed up for 6 months. The IIEF-5 scores of the patients and the number of successful penile intromissions and sustained penile erections in the patients' sexual life diary were compared before and after the treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The IIEF-5 scores were 9.83 +/- 3.96 before the medication, 20.23 +/- 3.25 after it, and 17.28 +/- 3.03 at 6 months after drug withdrawal, with statistically significant differences between pre- and post-treatment (P < 0.05). The patients' success rates of penile intromission and sexual intercourse were increased from 44.8% and 7.5% before the medication to 81.7% and 63.2% after it.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Tadalafil can be used as a first-line drug for the treatment of ED after TURP.</p>

Implantation brachytherapy with 32P-chromic phosphate-poly (L-lactide) delayed-release particles for prostate cancer in nude mice / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effects of implantation brachytherapy with delayed-release particles of 32P-chromic phosphate-poly (L-lactide) (32P-CP-PLLA) on prostate cancer (PCa) in nude mice.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We established a subcutaneous transplantable PCa model in nude mice, and randomly divided them into six groups, Groups A, B and C implanted intratumorally with 32P-CP-PLLA delayed-release particles at 3.7, 7.4 and 14.8 MBq, Groups D, E and F with 125I particles at the same doses as the former three, and another six nude mice were included in Group G as the blank control. Then we killed the mice at 21 days after the treatment, observed the effects of the particles on the morphology of the tumor and their inhibition of tumor growth, counted WBCs and platelets (PLTs) in the peripheral blood, and detected the toxic reaction of the blood.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>At 21 days after the treatment, the solid tumor tissues exhibited bleeding and necrotic changes, and the rates of tumor inhibition were positively correlated with the doses of administration. Groups A, B and C showed statistically significant differences from Groups D, E, F and G in the rate of tumor inhibition ([ 65.72 +/- 6.95]%, [77.58 +/- 4.32]% and [82.64 +/- 4.03]% versus [35.61 +/- 5.61]%, [43.30 +/- 6.94]% and [69.01 +/- 4.98]%), WBC count ([1.72 +/- 0.37] x 10(9)/L, [1.23 +/- 0.27] x 10(9)/L and [0.86 +/- 0.25] x 10(9)/L versus [1.45 +/- 0.40] x 10(9)/L, [0.51 +/- 0.24] x 10(9)/L, [0.37 +/- 0.26] x 10(9)/L and [3.96 +/- 0.26] x 10(9)/L), PLT count ([1.18 +/- 0.11] x 10(11)/L, [0.97 +/- 0.10] x 10(11)/L and [0.72 +/- 0.11] x 10(11)/L versus [0.97 +/- 0.15] x 10(11)/L, [0.76 +/- 0.16] x 10(11)/L, [0.64 +/- 0.12] x 10(11)/L and [2.89 +/- 0.21] x 10(11)/L) and body weight ([18.60 +/- 0.66] g, [17.60 +/- 0.39] g and [16.90 +/- 0.68] g versus [17.86 +/- 0.60] g, [15.56 +/- 0.39] g, [14.61 +/- 0.65] g and [19.95 +/- 0.73] g) (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Intratumoral implantation of 32P-CP-PL-LA is a safe, simple and effective radionuclide interventional therapy for prostate cancer.</p>

Diabetes mellitus reduces the expression of SK3 in rat cavernous tissues / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>SK3, one of the small conductance calcium-activated potassium channels, is the key substance of the endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF) passway. This study aimed to investigate the expression of SK3 in the cavernous tissue of rats with diabetes mellitus (DM).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-six DM models were made by injection of streptozocin (STZ) out of 50 male Sprague-Dawley rats, and another 15 that failed to be modeled were included in an STZ group. Ten healthy male rats were taken as blank controls. Eight weeks later, the penile erectile function of the rats was detected by injection of apomorphine (APO) at 80 microg/kg, and the expression of SK3 in the cavernous tissue was determined by RT-PCR and Western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Penile erection was observed in 14 (54%) of the 26 DM rat models and in all the rats of the STZ and blank control groups. Both the mRNA and protein expressions of SK3 were significantly lower in the DM (0.50 +/- 0.09 and 0.65 +/- 0.06) than in the STZ (1.15 +/- 0.03 and 1.28 +/- 0.04) and blank control groups (1.21 +/- 0.04 and 1.34 +/- 0.05) (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences between the STZ and blank control groups in either penile erection or mRNA and protein expressions of SK3 (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Diabetes mellitus can significantly reduce erectile function in rats, which may be related to the decreased expression of SK3 in the corpus cavernosum.</p>

Epidermal growth factor up-regulates the mRNA expression of endothelin-1 and its receptors in prostate cancer PC-3 cell lines / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of the epidermal growth factor on the mRNA expression of endothelin-1 and its receptors (ET(A)R, ET(B)R) in hormone refractory prostate cancer (HRPC) PC-3 cell lines.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>PC-3 cells were cultured in vitro. After the treatment with EGF, the mRNA expressions of endothelin-1, ET(A)R and ET(B)R were detected by RT-PCR in PC-3 cell lines. The levels of the mRNA expression of endothelin-1 and its receptors were examined at different time points by RT-PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expressions of endothelin-1 and ET(A)R mRNA but not the mRNA expression of ET(B)R was observed in PC-3 cell lines. After 24 hours of treatment with EGF, the expressions of endothelin-1 and ET(A)R in PC-3 cell lines were both up-regulated and there was significant difference (P < 0.05) between the experimental and control groups. Different expression levels of endothelin-1 and ET(A)R mRNA were noted at different time points of EGF intervention, up-regulated with the increase of treatment time, and with significant difference (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>EGF can up-regulate the mRNA expressions of endothelin-1 and ET(A)R in PC-3 cell lines and play a great role in prostate cancer progression, which may offer a substructure of molecular biology for the treatment of HRPC.</p>

Cyclooxygenase-2 expression is dependent upon epidermal growth factor receptor expression or activation in androgen independent prostate cancer / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>AIM</b>To investigate the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and the possible mechanism in the development in androgen independent prostate cancer (AIPC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Immunohistochemistry was performed on paraffin-embedded sections with goat polyclonal against COX-2 and mouse monoclonal antibody against EGFR in 30 AIPC and 18 androgen dependent prostate cancer (ADPC) specimens. The effect of epidermal growth factor (EGF) treatments on the expression of COX-2 and signal pathway in PC-3 and DU-145 cells was studied using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot analysis. ELISA was used to measure prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels in the media of PC-3 and DU-145 incubated with EGF for 24 h.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>COX-2 was positively expressed in AIPC and ADPC, which were predominantly in endochylema of prostate cancer (PCa) cells. Intense staining was seen in AIPC (80%) and in ADPC (55.5%), but there was no significant association between the two groups. EGFR expression was also positive in the two groups (61.8% in ADPC and 90% in AIPC, P < 0.01). A significant association was found between EGFR expression and a higher Gleason score (P < 0.05) or tumor stage (P < 0.05). The expression of PGE2 was increased in PC-3 and DU-145 cells after being incubated with EGF. Both p38MAPK and PI-3K pathway were involved in the PC-3 cell COX-2 upregulation course. In DU-145, only p38MAPK pathway was associated with COX-2 upregulation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>EGFR activation induces COX-2 expression through PI-3K and/or p38MAPK pathways. COX-2 and EGFR inhibitors might have a cooperative anti-tumor effect in PCa.</p>