comparative study on bacteriology and pathology in uteri of cattle and buffaloes in Ahwaz region, Iran

Uterine infection is a major problem in reproductive management. The aim of this study was to find out the common pathological condition of cattle and buffaloes' uteri in the Ahwaz region and, also to compare uterilesions. One hundred and thirty eight cattle and 101 buffalo uteri were examined for macroscopic lesions, opening them through the cervix to the apex of the animals' horns. The prepared tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin, eosin, and Giemsa staining. Standard bacteriorogical works, were used for the isolation and identification of aerobes and anaerobes. Depending on the severity of the lesions, endometritis was scored from mild [level 1] to severe [level 4]. Level 1 including 39 cows [19.69%] and 36 buffaloes [28.8%]; Level 2 including 37 cows [18.68%] and 28 buffaloes [22.4%]; Level 3 including 23 cows [11.61%]and22buffaloes[17.6%];and, Level4including 17 cows [8.58%] and 5 buffaloes [4%]. Other lesions consisted of acute metritis: [cows=4.54%], buffalo=0.8%]; chronic metritis [cows= 2.02%] and buffaloes=2.4%; granulomatous metritis cow [0.5%] and buffalo [0.8%]; perimetritis [cows [3.3%] and buffaloes [1.6%]; pyometra: [cow 0.5%] and buffalo [0.8%]; external cysts: [buffalo 0.8%]; and, haemangioma: [cow [0.5%] and buffalo [0.8%]. No significant correlation was found among the lesions, except for acute metritis, [p=0.475]. Conducting a clinical and paraclinical study on fertile animals in the Ahwaz region is highly recommended to reduce the economic losses due to uterine infection

[Ultra analysis of prevalence of osteoporosis in Iranian women "a systematic review and meta-analysis"]

There are many descriptive studies on osteoporosis in Iran, mostly assessing the prevalence of the disease and its associations with various risk factors. In order to gain a better insight into the epidemiology of osteoporosis in Iran and its heterogeneity around the country, we systematically reviewed all the studies available and analyzed their findings using meta-analysis methods. All published papers in Iranian and international journals, final reports of research projects, papers presented in relevant congresses, and all dissertations of medical students were reviewed using standard methods and sensitive keywords. After Quality Assessment the main results of studies published during 2000-2008, which met the eligibility criteria, were extracted and Combined with the Random Effect Model, and were entered into metaanalysis. In 21 primary, eligible studies, minimum and maximim prevalence rates in the femur region were 1.5 and 43 respectively and in the Spinal Region these values were 3.2 and 51.3, respectively. The prevalence of osteoporosis in the femur using the Random Effect Model in Iranian Women was 18.9 CI [15- 22.7] and in the Spinal reqion was 18.91 CI [14.6- 23.2] in metaregrresion analysis, with place and sample size as the main heterogenous factors [p<0.01]. Osteoporosis, an important health challenge, increases with age and changes in life style. The prevalence of osteoporosis in Iran, compared to other countries, was lower