Hepatic affection in systemic lupus erythematosus [in Egypt]

This work was carried out to study the hepatic affection in System Lupus Erythematosus [SLE]. Twenty patients with proved SLE; 19 females and one male [mean 26.2 +/- 7.3 y] participated in this study. They were allocated into two groups: I and II according to the absence or presence of hepatomegaly respectively. Histopathological examination of needle liver biopsies was done for all patients in group II [n=11] and revealed fatty changes [4] cholestasis [3], and cellular infiltration of the portal tracts [4 patients]. Most of routine liver function tests [total plasma proteins, serum albumin, serum globulins, serum bilirubin and ALT] did not differ significantly between the two groups. Only AST [29.9 +/- 10 vs 14.0 +/- 5.4 iul] and ALP [16.9 +/- 6.8 vs 7.9+3.6 KAU/dl] were significantly higher [P

incidence of arterial hypoxemia in the immediate postoperative period during the transfer of surgical patients to the recovery room

The incidence rate of hypoxemia in the immediate post-operative Period Was determined using pulse oximeter for continuous minitorring of arterial oxygen satusation [sao2] in 148 ASA class I or II adult patients breathing room air during their transfer from the operating room [O.R.] to the recovery room [R.R.]. These patients were categorized according to the type of operartion into two groups, as the following 72 patients undergone abdominal procedures and 76 patients undergone pelvic and peripheral operations. Hypoxemia was defined as 90% sao2 [arterial oxygen partial pressure -pao2=58 mmhg]. Severe hypoxemia was defined as 85% sao2 [Poao2=50 mmhg]. Hypoxemia occurred in 48 [66.7%] patients of group A, and in 24 [31.58%] patients of group B. The incidence of hypoxemia was significantly higher in group A [patients undergoing abdominal procedures] than in group B [those under-going non-abdominal procedures], Also group A of Patients experienced a significantly higher incidence of severe hypoxemia [25%], than group B of patients [1 3.16%]. Thus the type of operation was a significant predictor of the immediate postoperative hypoxemia. Postoperative hypoxemia also correlates significantly with the patient age and obesity

Comparison of the cardiovascular effects of nalbuphine hydrochloride and naloxone hydrochloride following induces haemorrhagic shock in cats

The cardiovascular effects of opioid mixed agonistantagonist, nalbuphine hydrochloride and opioid antagonist, naloxone, have been evaluated in anaesthetized cats following the induction of hypovolaemia. The mean arterial pressure in anaesthetized cats decreased by about 39 +/- 0.5 mmHg following a haemorrhage of 40% of their blood volume. An intravenous infusion of nalbuphine [0.5 mg/kg/min for 4 min.] or naloxone [0.5 mg/kg/min. for 4 min.] partially restored blood pressure. Thus in experimental animal models of harmorrhagic shock, nalbuphine has similar cardiovascular profile to naloxone. The established analggesic activity of nalbuphine may confer an dvantage in some shock states

role of glucagon in chronic duodenal ulcer

This study was performed on 15 male patients proved by endoscopy to have duodenal ulcer, and 6 normal as control. The patients were sub-divided into 2 groups. Group B with history of smoking Group C with history of aspirin intake endoscopic. Blood samples for estimation of blood glucagon using [RIA] and biopsies from the ulcers were taken for histological and histochemical studies. Significantly high glucagon level was found in patients group 180.7 +/- 35.9 pg/ml comparing with healthy normal control 137.5 +/- 15.1, P < 0.001. In the group of patients with history of aspirin intake glucagon level was 197.5 +/- 40.3 which was stastically higher than in patients group with history of smoking [161.6 +/- 17.7, p<0.05. Histological study for the biopsies stained by Haematoxylin and Eosin [H and E] demonstrated destruction of the columnar epithelial cells covering the villi and crypts with increase in the number of goblet cells in the villi and crypts. The histochemical study of alkaline phosphatase enzyme and for APUD [Amine precursor uptake and Decarboxylation] cell granules for demonstration of Entroglucagon hormone showed increase in the activity of goblet cells and an increase in the thickening of the layer of mucin covering the surface of the villi as demonstrated by a strong positive magenta red colouration. From the above results we can suggest that blood glucagon increases in peptic ulcer as a defence mechanism to protect the mucosa by increasing goblet cells activity and mucin secretion, we can suggest the possible therapeutic value of glucagon in decreasing mucosal damage in peptic ulcer, taking into consideration its metabolic effect on carbohydrates

Jejunal disaccharidases activity in some intestinal parasites in Egypt

Thirty patients infested with Hymenolepsis nana, Ancylstoma duodenale and Giardia lamblia, ten patients each and 10 normal control were the subject of full clinical examination, complete urine, stool and blood examinations. Jejunal biopsy was taken for histological examination and disaccharidases estimation. Lactase level was significantly lower in the patients groups specially in those with Giardia