new technique for intraoperative localization of osteoid osteoma under combined local and general anesthesia using the wake up test

In this prospective study, a new method of intraoperative localization was described using the wake up test. Eight patients were included in the study and were diagnosed to have osteoid osteoma. Local infiltration with xylocaine 2% was carried out over the lesion. The soft tissue over the lesion was anesthetized, while the lesion itself was not affected due to its histopathological feature. This gave a clue to localize the lesion after the fentanyl-propofol were given IV to provide general anesthesia. The wake up test and response to surgical stimulation were the guidance to successfully localizing and removing the tumor. The blood propofol concentrating was measured two minutes after injection and after retrieving the response to surgical stimulation. The half life of alpha-phase of distribution was 1.794 minutes indicating rapid distribution of propofol. All patients were satisfied as the characteristic pain completely disappeared postoperatively. The patients were followed up from one-three years [average 2.2 years], no one of the patients experienced the recurrence of the characteristic pain of osteoid osteoma. The wake up technique is a good, feasible and cheap method to localize and assure complete excision of osteoid osteoma. It can be also employed in similar surgeries of the same characteristics

Factors controlling the biosynthesis of aflatoxins by aspergillus parasitica from liquorice

The effect of various factors on aflatoxins biosynthesis by a local strain of Aspergillus parasiticus from liquorice as well as a re-fernce strain of Aspergillus parasiticus NRRL 3145 were studied. The capability of the irradiated spore suspensions of the two strains to produce aflatoxins was investigated

Production of aflatoxins by fungi isolated from some medicinal plants used as drinks in Egypt

Thirty-one different plant samples of tea, anise, fenugreek and liquorice were purchased from different places in Egypt and tested for their total mold count on Sabouraud's agar mediumFrom the plant samples, 106 molds were isolated and screened for their ability to produce aflatoxinsOnly three fungal isolates were found to produce aflatoxins B1 and B2Two isolates were identified as Aspergillus parasiticus and one isolated as Aspergillus flavusThe spores of the aflatoxin producing fungal isolates were studied for their resistance to gamma radiation

effect of growth medium on the levels of trehalose and glycogen content of some yeasts

Yeast cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae as well as the osmotolarant yeasts Saccharomyces rouxii and Debaryomyces hansenii were grown aerobically and anaerobically. The water activity of the growth medium was regulated either by sodium chloride or glycerol. Levels of trehalose of most of the yeasts decreased with the reduction of water activity of the growth media in the presence of glycerol or sodium chloride when the yeast cells were grown under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. However, the levels of glycogen in mast cases showed a reciprocal relationship when the yeast cells were grown either aerobically or anaerobically in the presence of either glycerol or sodium chloride

effect of the growth medium on the levels of carbohydrated and proteins in some osmotolerant yeasts

Of the osmotolerant yeasts Saccharomyces rouxii and Debaryomyces hansenii together with baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae were grown aerobically and anaerobically on media, their water activity was regulated either by glycerol or sodium chloride. Levels of the total carbohydrates and proteins for cells grown on these media were determined. It was found that, in most of the cases, when S. cerevisiae was grown either aerobically or anaerobically in the presence of either glycerol or sodium chloride, levels of both total carbohydrates and proteins decreased with the reduction of the water activity of the growth media. However, levels of total carbohydrates and proteins in both S. rouxii and D. hansenii showed a reciprocal relation when they were grown either aerobically or anaerobically and in the presence of either glycerol or sodium chloride