Résumé
Momordica Charantia [MC] belongs to the cucurbitaceae family. MC is A plan that is widely used in traditional medicine as an antidiabetie agent.The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the raw fruit of MC on some blood biochemical parameters in rats. Three groups of rats received a diet containing 1%, 2% and on MC [control group] respectively for a duration of two months. Blood samples were collected in the begining and at the end of the study. The sera were separated and used for determining of biochemical parameters including fasting blood suger [FBS]. glycated hemoglobin [HbAlc], cholesterol [cho], high density lipoproteins [HDL], low density lipoproteins [LDL], triglycerides [TG], urea [U] and creatininc [C]. The diet containing 1% and 2% MC decreased FBS significantly [p<0.002], and HbAlc [p<0.004] as compared to the control group. The 2% MC diet decreased Cho [p<0.001] and LDI [p<0.001] as compared to the control group. There was no significant change in the other factors. On the basis of the results obtained, it may be concluded that MC can effectively normalize glucose and lipid in patients. For better conclusion experimental human studies are recommended
Résumé
Fragile X syndrome [FXS] is the most common cause of inherited mental retardation. Patients are identified with different levels of mental disabilities, elongated ears, prominent foreheads and chins, enlarged testes, large skull and obesity. This syndrom is generally associated with a break on X chromosome [Xq27.3], which can be observed in cultured chromosomes in specific culture media at metaphase stage. Prevalence rates of FXS in different ethnic groups have been estimated to be about one per 1500 in males and one per 2500 in females. The aim of this study was to determine FXS prevalence in moderate mental retarded students of Zohreh Shamsaei school in Rafsangan city. Fifty two students with moderate mental retardation [IQ=55-75] who were clinically suspicious to have FXS were screened for fragile X chromosome by using cytogenetic methods. Blood samples were collected and cultured in specific culture media. G-Banding method was used for karyotyping. Patients consisted of 37 males [71.2%] and 15 females [28.8%] with mean age of 12.7 years [ranged 7-17 years] and mean IQ 65.3 [ranged 55-74]. 8.1% of male students and 6.6% of female students were found to have fragile X site at Xq27.3 [in total 7.7%]. The frequencies of fragile X-positive cells in males and females were 8-52% and 12-27%, respectively. The frequency of fragile X positive cases found in this study is equal to that is reported by other investigators who studied the frequency of fragile X syndrome in preselected patients