Résumé
Background: Schizophrenia is a chronic debilitating disease with significant morbidity and mortality that often requires either typical or atypical antipsychotic pharmacotherapy. Atypical antipsychotic drugs are preferred over typical because of lower risk of extra pyramidal side effects. As there is paucity of data in Indian population, the present study was taken up to evaluate the efficacy of haloperidol and risperidone in the treatment of schizophrenia.Methods: It was a comparative study conducted on 60 patients of Schizophrenia for one year in a tertiary care hospital. The study subjects were randomly assigned into 2 groups of 30 patients each, where group 1 were treated with atypical antipsychotic drug risperidone and group 2 with typical antipsychotic drug Haloperidol and both groups received the treatment for one year. Efficacy was measured using positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS), clinical global impression - severity of illness (CGI-S), clinical global impression - improvement (CGI-I) scales.Results: Both haloperidol and risperidone were associated with comparable baseline to endpoint reduction in symptom severity. However, risperidone treated subjects had significantly greater decrease in symptom severity as measured by PANSS score and total score, CGI-S scale. However, there is no significant difference between two groups in terms of CGI-S score.Conclusions: The reduction in positive, negative and general scores in risperidone treated patients were significant with that of haloperidol treated patients.
Résumé
ABSTRACTBackground: Schizophrenia is one of most serious chronic psychiatric disorder, which affects about 1% of population. Treatment of schizophrenia comprises of typical antipsychotics and or atypical antipsychotics. Typical antipsychotics like haloperidol have extrapyramidal side effects which limit their use in chronic cases. Atypical antipsychotics though have better treatment response, they have metabolic side effects like hypercholesteremia, hypertriglyceridemia and hyperglycaemia. As there is paucity of data in Indian population the present study has been taken up to compare the metabolic side effects of risperidone and olanzapine in the treatment of schizophrenic patients in a tertiary care hospital.Methods: It was a comparative study conducted on 60 patients of Schizophrenia for one year in a tertiary care hospital. The study subjects were randomly assigned into 2 groups of 30 patients each, where group 1 were treated with atypical antipsychotic drug risperidone and group 2 with Olanzapine and both groups received the treatment for one year. Metabolic side effects like hypercholesteremia, hypertriglyceridemia and hyperglycaemia were evaluated and compared over a period of one year.Results: Both risperidone and olanzapine were associated with comparable baseline to endpoint increase in metabolic side effects. However, risperidone treated subjects had significantly less metabolic side effects compared to olanzapine.Conclusions: Apart from total cholesterol and triglycerides, other metabolic side effects were less in risperidone treated patients than olanzapine treated patients.
Résumé
Incidence of obesity continues to rise worldwide with each year especially in developed countries. On the other hand success achieved with pharmacotherapy of obesity is disappointing, with some of the unmet needs in management strategies for obesity. Zonisamide an anti-epileptic drug has been found to have significant weight reduction properties with favorable safety profile. Present meta-analysis has been done with the aim of analyzing the efficacy of zonisamide in obesity. Electronic data bases were searched for all types of studies related to use of zonisamide in obesity and binge eating disorder. Change in body weight following treatment with zonisamide was the primary outcome measure analyzed. Both fixed and random effect models were used for statistical analysis of the data. With total 111 patients analyzed from 3 eligible studies; a significant reduction in weight from baseline by 5.88 kg (MD: -5.88; 95% CI:-7.51 to -4.25) at 16 weeks could be expected by treatment with zonisamide. As the data on safety profile of zonisamide especially long term was either incomplete or not available, analysis of safety profile was not carried out. Future studies analyzing the efficacy and long term safety of zonisamide on large population and for long term are preferred.