Comparison of visual performance of monofocal intraocular lenses with different asphericities

Objective@#To compare the visual performance and patient-reported outcomes of three types of monofocal intraocular lenses (IOL) with different asphericities.@*Methods@#This cross-sectional, comparative study comprised of 62 pseudophakic eyes divided into three groups corresponding to the IOL that they were previously implanted with (Tecnis ZCB00 negative aspheric IOL, EnVista MX60 neutral aspheric IOL and Akreos Adapt spheric IOL). Mean refractive spherical equivalent (MRSE), best-corrected far visual acuity (BCVA), spherical aberration (SA), contrast sensitivity (SC), halo and starburst, and responses to a qualitative questionnaire (NEI-RQL) were measured.@*Results@#There was no significant difference in MRSE (P=0.74) and BCVA (P=0.52) among the three groups. There was a statistically significant difference (P=0.00) in mean internal (lens) SA, measured through a 5mm pupil, among Tecnis (-0.150 μm), EnVista (+0.022 μm) and Akreos Adapt (+0.094 μm). Compared to the Akreos Adapt, the Tecnis and EnVista groups had significantly better CS at 6 CPD and 12 CPD under mesopic testing without glare (P= 0.01) and at 6 CPD mesopic testing with glare (P=0.04). Halo scores were insignificant among the three groups. However, starburst scores were significantly worse in the Akreos Adapt IOL than the Tecnis and EnVista (P=0.01). There was no difference in questionnaire responses among the three groups.@*Conclusion@#The negative aspheric and neutral aspheric lenses showed significantly lower SA resulting in better CS in mesopic conditions and better starburst scores. MRSE, BCVA and subjective satisfaction were statistically similar regardless of the type of monofocal intraocular lens

Prevalencia de obesidad en caninos entre los años 2015-2018 en el Hospital Veterinario Universitario de Chile: incidencia de obesidad en caninos / Prevalence of obesity in canines between 2015-2018 in a university veterinary hospital in Chile

ANTECEDENTES: La obesidad es un problema con alta prevalencia al día de hoy en los animales de compañía. Estudios sobre prevalencia de obesidad en caninos han sido realizados a nivel mundial, pero hasta ahora no ha habido estudios realizados en Chile. OBJETIVO: Establecer la distribución de la obesidad en nuestro país por medio del estudio retrospectivo de fichas analizadas en pacientes caninos en un hospital de referencia entre 2015 y 2018. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se analizaron 3.500 fichas de pacientes nuevos atendidos, de estas fichas se reclutaron 733 pacientes con registro de condición corporal. Se utilizó la escala de 9 puntos, estableciendo condición corporal normal 5 de 9, sobrepeso 6 y 7 de 9; y obesidad 8 y 9 de 9. RESULTADOS: Al evaluar la distribución de la obesidad en pacientes caninos, se encontró la presencia de sobrepeso en un 26%, y obesidad en un 19,3%; en total un 4,3% de los pacientes presentan un estado de condición corporal sobre el ideal. CONCLUSIÓN: La obesidad encontrada en nuestro país corresponde a un poco menos 1/4 de los pacientes estudiados, pero casi un 50% de los pacientes analizados tenían condición corporal sobre el ideal, ambos datos se asemejan a los datos internacionales publicados en los últimos años en caninos.

INTRODUCTION: Studies of the obesity prevalence in canines have been carried out worldwide, but until now there have been no studies carried out in Chile. OBJECTIVE: To establish the distribution of obesity in our country through the retrospective study of records analyzed in canine patients in a reference hospital between 2015 and 2018. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 3500 files of new patients attended were analyzed, from these files 733 patients with a body condition record were recruited. The 9-point scale was used, establishing normal body condition 5 out of 9, overweight 6 and 7 out of 9; and obesity 8 and 9 of 9. RESULTS: When evaluating the distribution of obesity in canine patients, the presence of overweight was found in 26%, and overweight in 19.3%; in total, 45.3% of the patients present a state of body condition above the ideal. CONCLUSION: The obesity found in our country corresponds to a little less 1/4 of the patients studied, but almost 50% of the patients analyzed had body condition above the ideal, both data resemble the international data published in recent years in canines.

Malaria congénita por plasmodium vivax / Congenital malaria by plasmodium vivax

Se describe un caso de malaria congénita en paciente masculino de 16 días de edad, ingresado en emergencia pediátrica del Hospital Dr. J. M. Casal Ramos, Acarigua estado Portuguesa, con diagnóstico de sepsis neonatal tardía. La madre del menor, residente de área minera del estado Bolívar, refirió síndrome febril que comenzó el día previo al parto 09/07/2013 hasta el 23/07/2013, cuando se le diagnosticó malaria por Plasmodium vivax, iniciando tratamiento con cloroquina, siguiendo la pauta nacional de tratamientos antimaláricos de Venezuela. Durante la investigación epidemiológica de la madre, no se le tomó al niño muestra hemática para malaria, esto impidió detectar oportunamente su infección, lo que hubiera evitado efectos de la malaria sobre sus condiciones generales de salud. La fiebre en el niño se manifestó el 26/07/2013, y el 29/07/2013 se le tomó muestra hemática para malaria, después que durante el interrogatorio de la madre, para indagar antecedentes del niño, ella refirió recibir tratamiento antimalárico. Esta muestra hemática del niño resulto positiva a P. vivax, iniciando tratamiento con cloroquina, según pautas oficiales. La situación presentada, obliga al personal de salud a establecer prioridades para diagnóstico de malaria, a todo febril de la consulta maternoinfantil, y evaluar la situación epidemiológica de la malaria en embarazadas de zonas endémicas, repercusión clínica en la madre y en el producto de la gestación. Debe extenderse la atención a embarazadas que residan o no en áreas endémicas, y que refieran visitas a zona endémica antes o después del embarazo.

A congenital malaria case by Plasmodium vivax is described in a 16 day old male newborn, admitted to Dr. J.M. Casal Ramos Hospital, Acarigua, Portuguesa state, he was initially diagnosed as a late neonatal sepsis. The boy's mother, who lives in the mining area of Bolivar state, referred febrile syndrome that began the day before the birth 09/07/2013 until 23/07/2013, when she was diagnosed with malaria by P. vivax, initiating treatment with chloroquine following the General treatment for malaria infections in Venezuela. It notes that in the epidemiological investigation of the mother, no Blood smears for malaria parasites was taken to the child; this prevented the timely detection of infection, which would have prevented effects of malaria on their general health. The fever began in the child on July 26, 2013 and the Blood smears for malaria parasites was taken on July 29, 2013, then during the interrogation of the mother to investigate background of the child, she referred to receive antimalarial treatment. The Blood smears for malaria parasites was indicative of malaria parasites P. vivax, initiating treatment with chloroquine, according to official guidelines. The reported situation obliges health personnel to prioritize malaria diagnosis in every child with fever in the infant-maternal ward and assess the epidemiological situation of malaria in pregnant women in endemic areas, and the clinical impact in mother and the new born.

Aumento coronario anterior como tratamiento estético periodontal: reporte de caso / Increased anterior coronary as periodontal aesthetic treatment: a case report

El aumento coronario es un procedimiento quirúrgico periodontal que consiste en eliminar encía y hueso para crear una corona clínica más larga y desplazar el margen gingival en sentido apical. Se reporta el caso de un paciente de 16 años de edad con diagnóstico de agrandamiento gingival , al cual se le realiza un aumento coronario anterosuperior. El objetivo de este tipo de cirugía es corregir alteraciones del margen gingival y favorecer la estética en pacientes con exposición incompleta de corona y con una línea de sonrisa alta

Crown lengthening is a periodontal surgical procedure of removing gum and bone to create a longer clinical crown and move the gingival margin apically. We report a patient of 16 years of age diagnosed with gingival enlargement, which underwent an anterior crown lengthening. The aim of this type of surgery is to correct abnormalities of the gingival margin and promote the aesthetics in patients with incomplete crown exposure and a high smile line

Pollination of Byrsonima coccolobifolia: short-distance isolation and possible causes for low fruit production / Polinização de Byrsonima cocolobifolia: isolamento de curta distância e as possíveis causas para baixa produção de frutos

Byrsonima coccolobifolia is a tropical plant from the Malpighiaceae family, distributed in the neotropical savanna fields and pollinated by bees known as "collecting-oil bees". In this study, conducted in a Cerrado area located on a farm in the city of Silvânia, GO, the following hypothesis was tested: the greater the isolation degree of a plant, the lower its fruit production due to access difficulties for pollinators. Using a linear regression analysis, it was possible to relate the fruiting rate with the degree of isolation of each B. coccolobifolia individual and consequently it was found that the isolation had no influence on the pollination rate, an unexpected event that can be explained by the distance amongst individuals not being large enough to limit the movement of pollinators, or because cross-pollination was not the predominant form of reproduction, since the rate of cross-pollination was similar to self-pollination. It was also found that the proportion of fruits produced was lower than expected, a factor which may also have influenced the results.

Byrsonima coccolobifolia é uma planta tropical da família Malpighiaceae, distribuída no Cerrado e polinizada por abelhas conhecidas como "abelhas coletoras-de-óleo". No presente estudo, realizado em área de cerrado localizada em uma fazenda no município de Silvânia, GO, foi testada a hipótese de que quanto maior o grau de isolamento de uma planta, menor sua produção de frutos, devido à dificuldade de acesso dos polinizadores. Através de uma análise de regressão linear foi possível relacionar a taxa de frutificação ao grau de isolamento de cada indivíduo de B. coccolobifolia, e verificou-se que o isolamento não exerceu influência alguma na produção de frutos, fato inesperado que pode ser explicado pela distância entre os indivíduos não ser suficientemente grande a ponto de limitar o trânsito de polinizadores, ou pelo fato da polinização cruzada não ser a forma predominante de reprodução, uma vez que a taxa de polinização cruzada foi semelhante à de autopolinização. Verificou-se ainda que a proporção de frutos produzidos foi abaixo do esperado, fator que também pode ter influenciado os resultados.

Nivel de conocimiento sobre la Influenza A (H1N1), 2009 / Level of knowledge regarding influenza A (H1N1) 2009

Objetivo Con el propósito de determinar el nivel de conocimiento (NC) que sobre la Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 tienen las personas en el municipio Iribarren del Estado Lara, se realizó una investigación descriptiva transversal. Metodología La población estuvo constituida por 1 800 personas. La muestra la conformaron 665 personas quienes fueron divididas en tres grupos: grupo I: 300 alumnos; grupo II: 141 profesores y personal administrativo y grupo III conformado por 224 miembros de la comunidad. Se aplicó un instrumento con preguntas sobre la gripe AH1N1, modo de transmisión, prevención y control. Resultados Los resultados muestran que la edad promedio de los participantes fue 25,19± 13,88; 54,4 por ciento eran varones. Setenta y tres coma siete por ciento (73,3 por ciento) reportó NC "Regular". Al analizar el NC sobre modo de trasmisión se observó que 66,8 por ciento reporta un NC "Deficiente". Se observó diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre el NC y los grupos en estudio. El análisis no paramétrico de Kruskal Walis reportó diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre los grupos en estudio y el valor promedio del NC. Conclusiones Los hallazgos del estudio, corroboran que es necesario reforzar las estrategias de difusión de la información sobre la Influenza A (H1N1) 2009. Por otra parte, se hace necesario continuar con las medidas de control y prevención impartidas por las autoridades de salud para reducir el riesgo a contagio de la enfermedad.

Objective Descriptive research was conducted for determining the level of knowledge (LK) held by people from Iribarren in the state of Lara, Venezuela, regarding influenza A (H1N1) 2009. Methods The population consisted of 1,800 people. The sample of 665 people was divided into groups: group 1 consisted of 300 high-school students, group 2 of 141 elementary school teachers, administrative personnel and white-collar workers and group 3 consisted of 224 people from the local community. A questionnaire containing questions about influenza A (H1N1)-2009, its mode of transmission prevention and control was applied. Results The results showed that participants' mean age was 25.19±13.88; 54.4 percent were male. 73.3 percent reported "fair" LK. When analyzing LK mode of transmission, 66.8 percent reported "deficient" LK. A statistically significant difference was observed between LK and the groups being studied. The Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test revealed a statistically significant difference between the groups being studied and average LK value. Conclusions The study's findings confirmed that influenza A (H1N1)-2009 diffusion strategies should be reinforced. Health authorities' prevention and control measures should also be continued to reduce disease transmission risk.

Octogenários de Veranópolis: as condiçöes psicológicas, sociais e de saúde geral de um grupo representativo de idosos com mais de 80 anos residentes na comunidade / Octogenarians of Veranopolis: psychological, social and health conditions of a representative group over the age of 80 living in the community

A performance de atividades da vida diária, a saúde e a satisfação com a vida de pessoas com mais de 80 anos de idade torna-se um tema pertinente, na medida em que as estatísticas indicam um progressivo e expressivo crescimento do número de idosos no Brasil. Objetivo: determinar a realidade de saúde, os aspectos sociais e motivacionais, a independência e a satisfação com a vida entre idosos residentes na comunidade...