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1.
Int. arch. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 21(1): 102-108, Jan.-Mar. 2017. tab
Article Dans Anglais | LILACS | ID: biblio-840780

Résumé

Abstract Introduction Middle fossa approach has been suggested as an alternative for patients in whom other routes of electrode insertion are contraindicated. Even though there are temporal bone studies about the feasibility of introducing the cochlear implant through the middle fossa, until now, very few studies have described results when cochlear implant surgery is done through this approach. Objective The objective of this study is to review a series of temporal bone studies related to cochlear implantation through the middle fossa and the results obtained by different surgical groups after cochlear implantation through this approach. Data Sources PubMed, MD consult and Ovid-SP databases. Data Synthesis A total of 8 human cadaveric temporal bone studies and 6 studies reporting cochlear implant surgery through the middle fossa approach met the inclusion criteria. Temporal bone studies show that it is feasible to perform cochlear implantation through this route. So far, only two surgical groups have performed cochlear implantation through the middle fossa with a total of 15 implanted patients. One group entered the cochlea in the most upper part of the basal turn, inserting the implant in the direction of the middle and apical turns; meanwhile, the other group inserted the implant in the apical turn directed in a retrograde fashion to the middle and basal turns. Results obtained in both groups were similar. Conclusions Themiddle fossa approach is a good alternative for cochlear implantation when other routes of electrode insertion are contraindicated.


Sujets)
Implantation cochléaire , Surdité/rééducation et réadaptation , Surdité neurosensorielle , Os temporal
2.
São Paulo; s.n; 2014. [97] p. ilus, tab.
Thèse Dans Portugais | LILACS | ID: lil-719941

Résumé

INTRODUÇÃO: A ampliação dos critérios de indicação para cirurgia do implante coclear e os benefícios da preservação da audição residual no pósoperatório estimularam o desenvolvimento de técnicas cirúrgicas atraumáticas. Minimizar os traumas intracocleares durante a inserção do feixe de eletrodos do implante coclear é um passo fundamental para este intuito. O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar se o trauma intracoclear é diferente quando o feixe de eletrodos do implante coclear é inserido através do quadrante anterossuperior ou anteroinferior da membrana da janela redonda. MÉTODOS: Vinte e cinco ossos temporais frescos de cadáveres humanos foram submetidos à timpanomastoidectomia padrão. Após exposição adequada da membrana da janela redonda, em metade dos ossos o feixe de eletrodos do implante coclear foi inserido via quadrante anterossuperior da membrana da janela redonda, e na outra metade via quadrante anteroinferior. Os ossos temporais foram desidratados e embebidos em epóxi, com o feixe de eletrodos in situ. As peças foram serialmente polidas, tingidas e visualizadas por meio de estereomicroscópio para avaliar o trauma intracoclear causado pela inserção do feixe de eletrodos. As imagens foram fotografadas. RESULTADOS: Em treze ossos temporais o feixe de eletrodos do implante coclear foi inserido via quadrante anterossuperior da membrana da janela redonda, e em doze ossos via quadrante anteroinferior. Obteve-se 372 superfícies. As análises histológicas revelaram diferentes graus de traumas às estruturas intracocleares. Os resultados mostraram que a inserção do feixe de eletrodos via quadrante anterossuperior ou anteroinferior acarretam a mesma frequência de trauma intracoclear. CONCLUSÕES: A presença de trauma intracoclear e a severidade dos traumas ocorridos no tocante à inserção do feixe de eletrodos de implante coclear pelo quadrante anterossuperior e anteroinferior da membrana da janela redonda não apresentou diferença estatisticamente significativa...


INTRODUCTION: The expansion of the indication criteria for cochlear implant surgery and the benefits of preserving residual hearing postoperatively have stimulated the development of atraumatic surgeries. Minimizing the intracochlear traumas during the electrodes insertion is a critical step for this aim. The objective of this study is to assess whether there is a difference in intracochlear trauma when the cochlear implant electrode array is inserted through the anterior-superior or anterior-inferior quadrants of the round window membrane. METHODS: Twenty-five fresh human temporal bones were submitted to standard tympanomastoidectomy. After adequate exposure of the round window membrane, in half of the bones the cochlear implant electrode array was inserted via anterior-superior quadrant of round window membrane and in the other half via anterior-inferior quadrant. The temporal bones were dehydrated and embedded in epoxy with the electrodes array in situ. The specimens were serially polished, stained and viewed through a stereomicroscope to assess the intracochlear trauma caused by insertion of the electrode array. Resulting images were documented. RESULTS: In thirteen temporal bones the cochlear implant electrode array was inserted via anterior-superior quadrant of round window membrane and in twelve bones via anterior-inferior quadrant. Three hundred and seventy two surfaces were obtained. Histological examinations revealed varying degrees of damage to the intracohlear structures. The results showed that the insertion of the electrode array via anterior-superior or anterior-inferior quadrant lead to the same frequency of intracochlear trauma. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of intracochlear trauma and severity of traumas regarding the insertion of cochlear implant electrode array via anterior-superior and via anterior-inferior quadrant of the round window membrane showed no statistically significant difference. However, it was observed that surgical exposure...


Sujets)
Humains , Implantation cochléaire , Implants cochléaires , Cochlée/traumatismes , Oreille interne , Électrodes implantées/effets indésirables , Surdité neurosensorielle , Fenêtre ronde de la cochlée/chirurgie , Fenêtre ronde de la cochlée/traumatismes , Os temporal/anatomie et histologie , Os temporal/chirurgie , Cadavre , Humains
3.
Arq. int. otorrinolaringol. (Impr.) ; 12(3): 370-376, jul.-set. 2008. graf, tab
Article Dans Anglais, Portugais | LILACS | ID: lil-522858

Résumé

Introdução: Os colesteatomas são lesões císticas destrutivas que acometem qualquer área pneumatizada do osso temporal. Podem causar complicações intracranianas e extracranianas. Objetivo: Documentar os pacientes com otite média crônica colesteatomatosa complicada, que foram internados na enfermaria de otorrinolaringologia do Hospital das Clínicas de São Paulo, entre os anos de 2001 e 2008. Método: Estudo retrospectivo envolvendo 34 pacientes com otite média crônica colesteatomatosa complicada que foram internados na enfermaria de Otorrinolaringologia do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo no período de 2001 a 2008. Resultados: A idade dos pacientes variou de 7 a 83 anos, com predominância do sexo masculino (76%). As complicações extracranianas foram mais freqüentes do que as complicações intracranianas, e alguns pacientes apresentaram os dois tipos de complicação. Todos os pacientes receberam antibiótico endovenoso, e apenas um paciente não foi submetido a procedimento cirúrgico. Nenhum paciente foi a óbito, e no acompanhamento por seis meses não ocorreram seqüelas neurológicas incapacitantes. Conclusão: O tratamento precoce e agressivo das otites médias crônicas colesteatomatosas complicadas diminui a morbimortalidade da doença.


Introduction: Cholesteatomas are cystic destructive lesions that affect any pneumatized area of the temporal bone. They can cause intracranial and extracranial complications. Objective: To register the patients with complicated cholesteatomatous chronic otitis media, who were interned in the otorhinolaryngology nursing of the Clinical Hospital of São Paulo, between the years of 2001 and 2008. Method: Retrospective study involving 34 patients with complicated cholesteatomatous chronic otitis media, who had been otorhinolaryngology nursing in the Clinical Hospital of the Medicine College of the University of São Paulo, from 2001 through 2008. Results: The age of the patients ranged from 7 to 83 years, with predominance of the masculine sex (76%). The extracranial complications were more frequent than the intracranial complications, and some patients presented both types of complication. All the patients received endovenous antibiotic, and only one patient was not submitted to surgical procedure. No patient died, and in the six-month follow-up no incapacitating severe neurological sequels occurred. Conclusion: The precocious and aggressive treatment of the complicated cholesteatomatous chronic otitis media diminishes the disease morbimortality.


Sujets)
Procédures de chirurgie otologique , Otite moyenne/complications , Maladie chronique , Études rétrospectives
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